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Biomedical subjects

G Kockott

Publications and source records attributed to G Kockott.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Behavior therapy in sex deviations--an orienting overview].

Behaviour therapy is a successful form of treatment for many neurotic patients. The literature on treatment of paraphilias consists mainly of single case studies. The ideas of learning theory on which this treatment is based, have not changed in the last 10 years, but treatment goals are being considered much more carefully. Each patient needs an individual treatment program which usually consists of methods to change sexually deviant behaviour and strategies to reinforce or buildup usual heterosexual behaviour. Almost always deficiencies in social and communicative behaviour exist and have to be incorporated into the treatment as well. Although results seem to be favourable so far research on therapy outcome is of great necessity.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1983

[Integrative therapy concept in inpatient treatment of sex offenders].

First a number of aspects are mentioned that should be given special attention in the treatment of sex offenders. This is followed by a review of those treatment studies in which therapy was primarily either psychoanalytic or behavioral and which included a relatively large number of patients. Since the authors of the present study found that either a given treatment approach was indicated for a very limited group of patients only or the long-term outcome was poor, they developed an integrative approach for inpatient treatment of sex offenders. This approach includes behavior therapy, psychoanalytically oriented therapy and social therapy. The procedures are described briefly and the role of each is in the overall therapeutic concept pointed out.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1982

Effects of testosterone replacement on sexual behavior in hypogonadal men.

Fifteen patients with hypogonadism due to testicular, pituitary, or hypothalamic failure were studied. After a pretreatment period without substitution, patients received intramuscular injections of testosterone enanthate, equivalent to 25, 50, 100, and 250 mg testosterone, or placebo. Each dose was given for 4 weeks, with injections given every 2 weeks. All patients with plasma testosterone values below 2 ng/ml during the pretreatment period reported impaired sexual function. They responded to testosterone injections (50, 100, and 250 mg) with improvement of sexual behavior, as rated by sexual desire and frequency of erections and ejaculations. In the range between 2.0 and 4.5 ng testosterone per ml, four patients reported high frequencies of erections and ejaculations that did not change after testosterone treatment. Four other patients with testosterone values in the same range reported impaired sexual behavior and were successfully treated with testosterone enanthate. These data indicate that male sexual behavior is testosterone dependent and that the individual limit of plasma testosterone below which sexual behavior is impaired lies between 2.0 and 4.5 ng/ml.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Attempted suicide in old age].

A group of 4190 patients who had attempted suicide were subdivided into three age groups: younger than 40 years, 40 to 64 years, and older than 64 years of age. The distribution of diagnoses, sex ratio, ratio of foreigners and family status was compared among these 3 groups and with the distribution in a normal population. In the 2 younger patient groups men were underrepresented but not in the oldest patient group. The same was true for male foreigners. In all 3 groups divorced patients were overrepresented, while in the 2 younger groups single patients were overrepresented. Married patients were always underrepresented, whereas the ratio of the widowed patients was consistent with the ratio of the normal population. Depressions increased significantly with age, while other psychiatric diagnoses decreased. Also the motives for suicidal attempts in the oldest group were compared with those in a previously investigated group with a much lower mean age (Kockott et al. 1970). The motives of the older patient group were very similar to those mentioned by the younger patient group but very different from the motives of old persons who committed suicide. It seems, that even in old age there is a distinct difference between patients who attempt suicide and those who succeed in committing suicide (Stengel 1969).

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Results of behavior therapy in potency disorders (author's transl)].

There is no doubt that behavior therapy is sucessful in treating psychically-induced disturbances of sexual function in the male. It is decisive, however, that the sexual disturbances which are the expression of considerable partnership problems cannot be treated by a therapy which is directed to sexual problems. Then a partnership therapy is indicated. The majority of sexual disorders may, however, be accessible to the form of psychotherapy described with necessary individual changes which emerge from the behavior analysis. Behavior therapy can fulfil no exaggerated desire. Even if the very greatly reduced self-conceit can be rebuilt by restoration of sexual capacity, such a treatment is still no "fountain of youth", which will compensate other disappointments and dissatisfactions in life by a perhaps exaggerated sexuality.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1980

Symptomatology and psychological aspects of male sexual inadequacy: results of an experimental study.

Forty-two male patients and their sexual partners were studied. Sixteen of the patients had psychogenic erectile failure (eight each with the primary and secondary forms), 16 were premature ejaculators, and 10 had diabetes-related impotence. Because of the higher mean age of the diabetics, two control groups were used, an age-matched older group (eight healthy males and their partners) and an age-matched younger group (16 healthy males and their partners). The results for the various groups on a semi-standardized interview about sexual behavior and on five psychological assessment scales were compared. Of the 88 questions on the semi-standardized interview, 11 permitted assignment of the patients to the correct group. The diabetics suffered from "prevailing erectile impotence." They viewed themselves as being less disturbed sexually than the other patients did, although on the basis of their symptoms their impotence was actually more severe. The patients with psychogenic erectile impotence had a "situational" sexual disorder in which sexual anxiety played an important role. They viewed themselves as more insecure than the diabetics and the controls and they overidealized their partners and mothers. There appear to be two subgroups of premature ejaculators: The E1 group of patients seemed to be less "neurotic" than the E2 group. On the psychological measures the latter was quite similar to the group of patients with psychogenic erectile impotence. All patient groups except E1 were significantly more depressed than the control groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Psychophysiological aspects of male sexual inadequacy: results of an experimental study.

Forty-two male patients and their sexual partners were studied: 16 patients with "psychogenic" erectile failure (eight each with the primary and secondary forms), 16 premature ejaculators, and 10 patients with diabetes-related impotence. Due to the higher mean age of the diabetics, an age-matched older control group (eight healthy males and their sexual partners) and an age-matched younger control group (16 healthy males and their sexual partners) were also studied. In an experimental situation various psychophysiological parameters were evaluated. The viewing of films depicting sexual behavior produced psychophysiological reactions in all subjects. The patient groups and the controls differed on the following five parameters: amount of increase in systolic blood pressure, amount of increase in number of spontaneous fluctuations in skin resistance, erection amplitude, latency of erection, and duration of erection. In the diabetic group the three erection parameters were very depressed. In the group with primary psychogenic erectile impotence all five parameters were lower than in the controls, with the greatest difference in spontaneous fluctuations in skin resistance. The psychophysiological profile of the group of patients with secondary psychogenic erectile impotence was surprisingly similar to the profile of the diabetics, with a sharp increase in systolic blood pressure and in spontaneous fluctuations in skin resistance, but very depressed erection parameters. There were no marked differences between the controls and the premature ejaculators. There were only a few correlations between self-rated sexual arousal and psychophysiological measures of sexual stimulation and these were not very high. They were found mainly in the patient groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[A six-year follow-up study of 100 patients who attempted suicide (author's transl)].

This follow-up study assesses further suicidal risk and discusses the characteristics of patients who have repeatedly attempted suicide. Depth of coma alone due to overdose of medication does not seem to be a sufficient criterion for the assessment of further suicidal risk. Better predictors seem to be: age, family status, degree of loneliness and social disintegration, presence of existential anxiety, and lack of self-assertiveness. Patients who made repeated suicide attempts had a higher neuroticism score, were more often alcohol- and drug-dependent, and came more often from a broken home. Finally, the characteristics of various patient groups are delineated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Pituitary gonadal system function in patients with erectile impotence and premature ejaculation.

The pituitary testicular system was studied in men with psychogenic impotence. Eight patients with primary erectile impotence age 22--36 years, eight men with secondary erectile impotence age 29--55 years, and 16 men with premature ejaculation age 23--43 years were studied. The last group was further divided into two subgroups: E1 (n = 7) patients without and E2 (n = 9) patients with anxiety and avoidance behavior toward coital activity. Sixteen normal adult men age 21--44 served as a control group. Diagnosis was made after psychiatric and physical examinations. Patients complaining primarily of loss of libido were not considered in the study. Ten consecutive blood samples were obtained over a period of 3 hr from each patient. Luteinizing hormone (LH), total testosterone, and free (not protein-bound) testosterone were measured. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between patients and normal controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Transsexualism: indication and surgical treatment].

After the diagnosis of transsexuality is well definated and recognized in most western countries, the surgical transformation of the genital area is performed. Before surgical treatment an exact psychiatric clarification is absolutely essential. The operation is the last part of a long treatment. The surgical result in the more common female transsexual is quite reasonable. The treatment of the fewer male transsexuals is not solved completely, especially the reliable techniques for penis reconstructions are not very sufficient.

Castration↗
PubMed1976

[Differential diagnosis in potency disorders].

Disorders of sexual libido are seldom organic, in general they are of psychological origin. It is, however, difficult to obtain a differential diagnosis. One of the first diagnostic considerations must be the establishment of primary or secondary libidinal dificit, or indeed, whether there is no libido at all. In cases of libido disorders with primary libido dificit, depression, organic disease, or side effects of pharmaca may be the cause. Libido disorders in the presence of functional libido, however, must be regarded as primarily psychologically caused. An exception are libido problems in the presence of diabetes mellitus and peripheral vasculatory defeciencies. In these cases libido is either totally absent or appears only secondarily. The symptomatology of libido disorders in the presence of depression, diabetes melitus, and peripheral vasculatory disturbancies, as well as psychologically caused erectile and ejaculatory difficulties are discussed in detail. These groups are compared with respect to libido and behavior involving erection, ejaculation, anxiety and avoidance.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1976

Further studies on sex hormones in male homosexuals.

Plasma estrone, dihydrotestosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and percentage-free testosterone levels were determined in 26 predominantly or exclusively homosexual males (20 to 33 years of age) and in an age-matched control group. Although the homosexual and control groups showed a broad overlapping for all hormonal factors measured, highly significant differences between the groups were found without exception. The medians of the homosexual group (control group) and the significance levels for the two-sample rank tests were as follows: estrone 3.07 (2.43) ng/100 ml, P less than .01; dihydrotestosterone 66.0 (49.2) ng/100 ml, P less than .01; percentage-free testosterone 10.7% (9.7%), P less than .02; LH 35.1 (24.9) ng/ml, P less than .001. These findings can in part be explained by the higher LH secretion in the homosexual subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Electroencephalographic changes in transsexualism (author's transl)].

The study's goal was the examination of the hypothesis that transsexualism develops on a diminution of sexual drive which itself is a result of temporal lobe dysfunction. 28 transsexuals were examined. More than 30% of this group showed pathologic findings in EEG recordings. Most of the pathological findings were situated in the temporal region. Four transsexuals with pathologic EEG findings mentioned a brain injury in their personal history. In all but one case this injury had taken place after manifestation of transsexual behavior. There was no correlation between depressed sexual drive and pathologic electroencephalographic changes. Generally genetic male transsexuals showed a diminuation of sexual drive only by taking estradiol. This is interpreted as a hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The electroencephalographic findings in 9 or 28 cases of transsexualism with an increase of epsilon-waves mostly in the temporal region are discussed in the context of single case studies and regarded as a reference to temporal lobe dysfunction. This dysfunction is interpreted as a biologic factor in the etiology of transsexualism.

Adult↗