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Biomedical subjects

G Kaiser

Publications and source records attributed to G Kaiser.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Traumatic ostearthritis of the hip joint and its treatment (author's transl)].

The author describes the various origins of osteoarthrosis following hip joint injuries. Since beginning osteoarthrosis can't be stoped, he emphasizes the surgical treatment of joint fractures including accurate reduction and stabilization of the fragments. In respect of this, intracapsular fractures of the neck of the femur always require a stabile fixation. In all cases the micro-injuries of the articular cartilage should be considered. The different possibilities of post-traumatic degenerative arthritis are discussed and the methods of operative procedures presented.

Bandages↗
PubMed1975

Demonstration of a factor in the serum of homozygotes and heterozygotes for cystic fibrosis by a non-biological technique.

A factor has been isolated from serum of homozygotes and obligate heterozgotes for cystic fibrosis using isoelectric focusing and disc electrophoresis as analytical methods. The factor is focused within an IgG-fraction with an isoelectric point of pH 8 to 9 but differs from IgG in its lower molecular weight. It is thus similar to, if not identical with, the ciliary dyskinesia factor.

Blood Protein Electrophoresis↗
PubMed1975

[Morphometric-statistical analysis of pancreatic arteries in chronic pancreatitis (author's transl].

This study deals with changes in pancreatic vessels in cases of chronic pancreatitis. In particular the hypothesis that the diameter of the arterial vessels is reduced is examined statistically. Histological preparations from two groups, stained by the Elastica van Gieson method, were used for the investigation: Group I consisted of 50 section cases with healthy pancreatic tissue, group II consisted of 50 operative cases of chronic pancreatitis. At a 320-fold magnification, media thickness, vessel diameter, and intima thickness of four arterial vessels in each case were determined by a measuring scale in the ocular of a light microscope. The test results were transferred to perforated cards and analyzed statistically by computer. In the region of the endothel, the arterial vessels show cell nuclei projecting into the lumen. Especially remarkable is the thickening of the subendothelial intima tissue in the form of intimafibrosis and intimaelastosis. Atrophy of the media is noted in later stages, and it finally dissolves. The lumen of the arterial vessels seems to be considerably constricted as compared to that of the venous vessels. In attempting to prove vessel constriction, it was assumed that a certain media thickness corresponds to a certain vessel radius. Thus, we determined the relations between media thickness and vessel radius in both groups. Using regression lines as a model, we found vessel constriction to be statistically significant. However, although regression lines for the correlation between assumed vessel radius (sum of vessel radius and intima thickness) and media thickness are quite close, they are still significantly different. This remaining difference could have been caused by alteration in the media or also by additional influencial characteristics that differ in the two test groups. Therefore, the effect on the relationship between vessel radius and media thickness was examined with regard to the following variables: distribution of age, sex, and phases of parenchym reduction. Results show that the differences between the two groups were hardly influenced by age. The different distribution of sex seems to weaken the result more than to intensify it. Finally, the phase of parenchym reduction corresponds to the extent of vessel alteration. These vessel alterations probably represent an adaption of the reduced parenchym to the lowered demand for blood. On the other hand, it is rather unlikely that such alteration is an important pathogenetic factor of chronic pancreatitis or a consequence of exterior pressure caused by perifocal inflammation and incisive cicatricial tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases and binding sites for cyclic AMP in rat erythrocytes.

In red cell preparations from reticulocyte-poor (untreated animals; approximately 2% reticulocytes) and reticulocyte-rich blood (animals pretreated with acetylphenylhydrazide; approximately 60% reticulocytes) of rats, cAMP binding sites and cAMP-dependent protein kinase activities were determined. High affinity binding sites for cAMP were present both in membrane and cytoplasmic preparations; while the apparent binding constants determined in both cell fractions (approximately 3 x 10(-9) M for membrane, approximately 2 x 10(-8) M for cytoplasmic fractions) were independent of the reticulocyte content of the preparations, the respective numbers of sites were about twice as high in the reticulocyte-rich as in the reticulocyte-poor preparations. In membrane preparations, significant cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity could be detected only in membrane fractions from reticulocyte-rich blood which were considerably contaminated by intracellular components ("haemoglobin-containing membranes') while in washed ("haemoglobin-free') membranes no cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity was found. In cytoplasmic preparations both from reticulocyte-poor and reticulocyte-rich blood, two different protein kinases, a low and a high Ka enzyme, were tentatively differentiated by kinetic data; the apparent activation constant for the high Ka enzyme (approximately less than 5 x 10(-8) M) was in the concentration range of the binding constants determined on cytoplasmic preparations. The activity of the high Ka protein kinase was several fold higher in reticulocyte-rich than in reticulocyte-poor cytoplasmic fractions, while the activity of the low Ka enzyme was obviously independent of the reticulocyte content. From the results obtained, it is concluded that in premature rat erythrocytes, membrane protein(s) may serve as protein substrates for cAMP-dependent protein kinase(s) located in the cytoplasm. This assumption was supported by experiments with intact erythrocytes (prelabelled with inorganic 32P-phosphate) from reticulocyte-rich blood: isoprenaline, theophylline, and also dibutyryl-cAMP significantly increased phosphorylation of membrane protein of these cells. From the results presented (and others previously reported) it becomes evident that only premature rat erythrocytes, i.e. reticulocytes, are equipped with a beta-adrenergic receptor-effector system consisting of a beta-adrenergically stimulated adenyl cyclase and cAMP-dependent protein kinase(s). Obviously, the adrenergic receptor system and also part of the effector system is lost during the process of red cell maturation.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The beta-adrenergic receptor-adenyl-cyclase system of rat reticulocytes: effects of adrenergic stimulants and inhibitors.

Non-nucleated red blood cells from rats contain adenyl cyclase, the activity of which is predominantly localized in the reticulocytes. Basal enzyme activities in membrane preparations from reticulocyte-rich blood (pretreatment of rats with acetyl-phenylhydrazide: about 60% reticuloytes) are about 5 times higher than in preparations from reticulocyte-poor blood (untreated animals: 2-3% reticulocytes). The enzyme activities are stimulated 10-fold by sodium fluoride (10(-2)M) and 6 to 8-fold by isoprenaline (10(-4)M). Adenyl cyclase activities in membrane preparations from reticulocyte-rich and reticulocyte-poor blood can be ascribed to identical enzymes since identical apparent Km (ATP; 3 times 10(-4)M, Ka (isoprenaline; 3 times 10(-6)M) and Ki (propranolol vs. isoprenaline; 3 times 10(-7)M) values were obtained in both preparations. Besides NaF, only phenylethanolamine derivatives with beta-adrenergic receptor stimulant properties were effective as stimulators of adenyl cyclase activity. The affinities (apparent Ka values) of the investigated compounds decreased in the order isoprenaline--hexoprenaline--fenoterol--salbutamol--adrenaline--terbutalin--noradrenaline--phenylephrine. For maximal intrinsic activity, the catechol structure was essential; the relative intrinsic activities of resorcinol derivatives did not exceed 0.6. The isoprenaline-stimulated adenyl cyclase activities in erythrocyte membrane preparations were competitively inhibited by beta-adrenergic blocking drugs, the affinities (apparent Ki values) decreasing in the order prindolol--penbutolol--propranolol--practolol. The dextrorotatory enantiomers of penbutolol and propranolol were 1/100 to 1/200 as active as the resp. levorotatory enantiomers. From experiments with alpha-adrenergic agonists (e.g. phenylephrine) and antagonists (e.g. phentolamine), it is concluded that alpha-adrenergic receptors do not interfere with the beta-adrenergically-mediated cAMP formation in these particular membranes. A variety of hormones and drugs known to stimulate denyl cyclase activities in various tissues, e. g. ACTH, glucagon, STH, erythropoietin, prostaglandin E1 etc. did not affect adenyl cyclase activity in reticulocyte-rich erythrocyte membrane preparations. In contrast to adenyl cyclase activity, phosphodiesterase activities in erythrocyte membrane and cytoplasmic fractions were only twice as high in reticulocyte-rich as in reticulocyte-poor preparations. From the experiments described, it is obvious that the adenyl cyclase of the rat reticulocyte is subject to monovalent-hormonal, i.e. beta-sympathomimetic stimulation. Moreover, the premature red blood cell provides a useful model for quantitative studies of the interaction of drugs with the beta-adrenergic receptor.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1975

Stressbreakers and the removable partial denture.

A laboratory study was designed to determine the effect of ""deactivation'' of stressbreakers on abutment tooth movement and ridge displacement. The Ticonium hidden-lock and the pin-Dalbo precision stressbreakers were tested. Results showed that ridge displacement was significantly decreased when the Dalbo was made rigid, and tooth movement was significantly decreased (during bilateral loading) when the hidden lock was made rigid.

Dental Abutments↗
PubMed1975

Hemodialysis and renal transplantation in childhood: description of a program.

Over a 2-yr period eight kidneys have been transplanted in seven patients at the University Children's Hospital of Berne. Six of these patients are alive 4-24 mo after transplantation. The results seem encouraging and the procedure justified, especially in view of the chance of full rehabilitation, which is obviously less complete with chronic hemodialysis.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1975

Giant-cell tumors and aneurysmal bone cysts of ribs in childhood.

Cystic or solid lesions of ribs containing giant cells are rarely seen in children. Three cases are presented which are uncommon with regard to the age of the patients (5-14 yr old) as well as the site. These lesions were diagnosed late and exclusively by X-ray. Radiographically it was impossible to distinguish between a giant cell tumor and an aneurysmal bone cyst. Although the distinction of aneurysmal bone cysts and giant cell tumors sensu strictiori is justified from a clinical point of view, the two may be variants of the same pathologic growth process, i.e. growth of angiogribous tissue with giant cells in excess of that generally observed in the course of a "reactive" process.

Adolescent↗