Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G K Jacobsen

Publications and source records attributed to G K Jacobsen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Human papillomavirus and normal nasal mucosa: detection of human papillomavirus DNA in normal nasal mucosa biopsies by polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization.

To determine a possible etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in sinonasal papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas, it is necessary to investigate normal nasal mucosa of healthy persons for the presence of HPV. The material in the present study consists of 21 biopsies taken from the inferior concha of 21 otherwise healthy persons who underwent surgery for nose fractures or nasoseptal deviations. In addition, five inferior conchae were obtained from persons who had died of non-neoplastic diseases. HPV was not detected in any of these specimens, either by polymerase chain reaction or by in situ hybridization. Histologic evaluation showed that squamous metaplasia was a common finding in the biopsies. The presence of HPV in sinonasal papillomas and carcinomas may indicate that HPV is an etiological factor in these lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Erythema elevatum diutinum: case report showing an unusual distribution.

A case of erythema elevatum diutinum showing an unusual distribution is reported. Hard nodules were located on the patient's fingertips and pulps while the extensor surfaces were not involved. The disease was initially misinterpreted based on both clinical and histologic examination. Dapsone therapy was followed by a remarkable recovery. The clinical and histologic features of erythema elevatum diutinum are summarized.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Pulmonary coccidioidomycosis].

Coccidioidomycosis is an acute, generally mild, respiratory disease that rarely becomes chronic or disseminated and fatal. The aetiologic agent is Coccidioides immitis, a dimorphic fungus growing in soil. The fungus is endemic in hot semi-arid areas in the USA and South America. Human beings and animals become infected by inhaling dust with arthroconidia. The fungus gives rise to either a purulent or a granulomatous inflammation or both. Clinically and radiologically, it can be confused with neoplasms and tuberculosis. The disease may be fatal in immuno-deprived persons who are also at risk of reactivation of a latent infection. Coccidioidomycosis can be detected serologically. The standard treatment of severe illness is Amphotericin B. The authors present the first histologically and serologically verified case of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis in Denmark. An increased number of coccidioidomycosis can be expected with increased travelling and an increased number of immuno-deprived persons.

Coccidioidomycosis↗
PubMed1993

The presence of human papillomavirus in sinonasal papillomas, demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction with consensus primers.

The frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) in sinonasal papillomas seems to vary considerably. The highest frequencies have been reported by investigators using in situ DNA or RNA hybridization. Few studies have used polymerase chain reaction, and in these reports the frequency of HPV detection is rather low. We have investigated the presence of HPV in sinonasal papillomas using the polymerase chain reaction with a set of degenerated consensus primers, which amplify the vast majority of the known HPV types. Human papillomavirus was found in three of 14 papillomas. By in situ hybridization the same three papillomas were positive for HPV type 6/11.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Surveillance following orchidectomy for stage I seminoma of the testis.

From 1985 to 1988, 261 unselected patients entered a nationwide Danish study of surveillance only for testicular seminoma stage I. The median follow-up time after orchidectomy was 48 months, range 6-67 months. 49 patients relapsed (19%). Sites of relapse were paraaortic lymph nodes in 41 patients, pelvic lymph nodes in 5, inguinal lymph nodes in 2 and lung metastases in 1 patient. The median time to relapse was 14 months, range 2-37 months. The 4-year relapse-free survival was 80%. 37 of the relapsing patients (76%) had radiotherapy as relapse treatment. Of these patients, 4 (11%) had a second relapse and received chemotherapy. 1 died of disseminated seminoma. Of the relapsing patients, 12 (24%) had chemotherapy as relapse treatment because of bulky (11 patients) or disseminated disease (1 patient). None of these patients have had a second relapse. However, 2 patients died of infection due to chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Thus, there have been three seminoma-related deaths (1.1%). The testicular tumour size had an independent prognostic significance. The 4-year relapse-free survivals were 94, 82 and 64% for tumours < 3, 3 to < 6 and > or = 6 cm, respectively. Patients with tumours > or = 6 cm will now be given prophylactic radiation treatment, whereas we will continue to use surveillance only after orchidectomy for patients with tumours < 6 cm.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Increased incidence of sarcoma in patients treated for testicular seminoma.

In a nationwide cancer registry analysis of second primary malignancies in 6187 men with testicular cancer in the period 1943-1987, 13 sarcomas were found, yielding a 4-fold increase of the relative risk (RR). The majority of sarcomas occurred in men with seminoma, and the increased incidence was seen irrespectively of time since the diagnosis of testicular cancer. The interval between the testicular cancer and the sarcoma varied from 5-34 years. After investigation of the hospital records and re-examination of the histological specimens, 3 patients were excluded. In spite of this, the RR was still considerably increased (at least 3-fold). Seven of the 10 sarcomas were found to be located within the field of the radiation treatment administered and three at the periphery. The absolute number of these secondary sarcomas is low, but the risk of developing such neoplasms and other malignancies should, even so, be kept in mind in the follow-up of testicular cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Incidence of second primary cancer following testicular cancer.

The incidence of second primary cancers was investigated in 6187 Danish men diagnosed with testicular cancer in the period 1943-1987. During the course of 59,000 person years, 459 subsequent primary cancers occurred. The relative risks were significantly increased for leukaemia, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, non-melanoma skin cancer and kidney cancer. Increased incidence was furthermore suggested for cancer of the rectum, prostate and lung. The increased incidence of leukaemia appeared in the first 10 years after testicular cancer diagnosis. The excess incidence for gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, rectal cancer and lung cancer was strongest 10-19 years after testicular cancer, while the relative risk of non-melanoma skin cancer and prostate cancer increased throughout the period of follow-up. The increased incidence of cancer in this cohort is most likely an effect of radiotherapy used for testicular cancer. It is proposed that the different incidence patterns over time after testicular cancer diagnosis reflect differences in the growth rate of tumours originating in different tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Endosonographically-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of malignant lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract.

A new method of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided fine needle aspiration using an ultrasonic endoscope with a curved array transducer mounted in front of the optic lens was developed. As a result of the sector shaped sound field and the direction of the scanning plane it was possible to visualise ultrasonically a needle inserted through the biopsy channel. EUS guided biopsy was performed in 37 patients (with 39 lesions) using three types of needles. Based upon initial testing of several prototype needles a 160 cm long, 0.8 mm diameter needle placed in a Teflon catheter was developed after preliminary results with the first two types were unsatisfactory (positive results for malignancy in 3/11 and 4/8 cases). The third prototype was tested in seven patients with malignant tumours of the upper GI tract. In these patients EUS guided biopsy was positive for malignancy in 7 of 8 solid lesions. Problems related to the technique and criteria for a successful outcome are discussed. The preliminary results show that it is possible to advance a needle into a malignant lesion inside or outside the GI wall during EUS examination and aspirate material for cytologic examination from various lesions. Controlled studies are needed to determine the indications for use and the accuracy of the technique.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1993

The effect of filtration on the cellular components in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

The effect of filtration through two layers of cotton gauze on the cellular composition of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was studied in 25 patients with pulmonary disease. There was no significant difference between median total cell count in unfiltered and filtered BAL (P = 0.73) or in the distribution of neutrophils or eosinophils. The percentage of bronchial epithelial cells was significantly higher in unfiltered than in filtered BAL (P = 0.02). Furthermore, differential cell counts showed a significantly lower percentage of alveolar macrophages (P = 0.04), and a significantly higher percentage of lymphocytes (P = 0.04) in unfiltered compared with filtered BAL. Thus, gauze filtration results in a loss of bronchial epithelial cells and lymphocytes, and is not recommended in the routine analysis of cellular components in BAL fluid.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Intratubular germ cell neoplasia in an infantile testis with immature teratoma.

A case of intratubular germ cell neoplasia adjacent to an immature teratoma is described in an 8-month-old boy with normally descended testes. The pattern of intratubular germ cell neoplasia in the infantile testis appeared different from that in the adult, but the abnormal germ cells were morphologically and immunohistochemically similar. In the few previous reports, which have investigated infantile testicular tissue for the presence of intratubular germ cell neoplasia adjacent to germ cell tumours, intratubular germ cell neoplasia in conjunction with a yolk sac tumour and mature teratoma have not been found, and cases with immature teratoma have not been reported. The presence of intratubular germ cell neoplasia in conjunction with immature teratoma and its apparent absence in conjunction with the mature form and with yolk sac tumour may indicate difference in tumour development. Whether there is a true difference in the occurrence of intratubular germ cell neoplasia in the infantile testis according to the various types of germ cell tumours remains, however, to be proven by investigations of more cases.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Search for Mycobacterium paratuberculosis DNA in tissue from patients with sarcoidosis by enzymatic gene amplification.

The etiology of sarcoidosis has not yet been established, but several mycobacterial species have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease. We have used a nested primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for the IS900 Mycobacterium paratuberculosis insertion element to analyse paraffin-embedded mediastinal lymphoid tissue from 18 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis verified by mediastinoscopy. Only the positive control contained M. paratuberculosis-specific DNA. The present study does not support a role for M. paratuberculosis in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. However, further studies are needed in order to clarify the possible role of other mycobacteria in this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Growth rate of acoustic neuroma expressed by Ki-67 nuclear antigen versus symptom duration.

The growth rate of acoustic tumors varies widely. An immunohistochemical study with Ki-67 monoclonal antibody was performed on a random sample of 21 acoustic neuromas. The tumors belonged to 2 well-defined groups: 1 with a short duration of preoperative symptoms (< 1 year) and 1 with a long duration of preoperative symptoms (> 5 years). The tumors were of small to medium size (7 to 27 mm), and no large, cystic, or Recklinghausen tumors were included. The tumor proliferative fraction expressed by monoclonal antibody Ki-67 was determined. The results revealed a significant relation between the tumor proliferative fraction and symptom duration. Tumors with a high proliferative status had a short preoperative symptom duration, while tumors with a low proliferative status had a long symptom duration. The clinical implications of these results are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Hematopoietic growth factors in primary and therapy-related bone marrow insufficiency].

This investigation is retrospective and comprises 20 patients with bone-marrow insufficiency. During the period 1.4.1988-1.3.1991, these patients were treated with erythropoietin (Epo), the granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or the granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Thirteen patients had primary bone-marrow insufficiency: six had the myelodysplastic syndrome, three had primary myelofibrosis, two aplastic anemia and two myelomatosis. On account of dominating symptoms of anemia, five patients received Epo while eight received GM-CSF as part of an extensive clinical trial of this preparation. Seven patients with relapse of the haematological malignant disease had bone-marrow insufficiency and pancytopenia secondary to intensive chemotherapy/irradiation: four of these patients received GM-CSF and two received G-CSF with the object of increasing bone-marrow regeneration and to render further chemotherapy possible. One patient received GM-CSF with the object of improving bone-marrow function after autologous bone-marrow transplantation. Treatment with Epo for ten months combined with treatment with interferon for six months resulted in normalization of the haemoglobin concentration in one patient with bone-marrow insufficiency on account of primary myelofibrosis. Treatment with Epo for briefer periods in lower doses was without effect in four other patients with primary bone-marrow insufficiency. Treatment with GM-CSF and G-CSF resulted in neutrophil leukocytosis in 12 out of 15 patients (80%) and, in six out of 14 patients (43%), increased marrow cellularity was demonstrated by means of histological examination of the bone-marrow. One patient showed normal haemoglobin levels during treatment with GM-CSF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma. A case report.

Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma is usually localized to the terminal bronchioles and alveoli, and may present on chest X-ray as interstitial pulmonary disease with diffuse reticulonodular infiltrates. The cytological diagnosis is often difficult to obtain. This case demonstrates that bronchoalveolar lavage can be useful in the diagnostic evaluation of this type of malignancy, in conjunction with transbronchial lung biopsy.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed1992

A fetal testis with intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN).

A fetal testis with abnormal germ cells similar to the cells of intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) or so-called carcinoma in situ is presented. Elective abortion was performed in week 18 of the pregnancy of a 26-yr-old woman, because of 21 trisomy (Down's syndrome) at amniocentesis. At microscopical examination abnormal germ cells were found, similar to those occurring in the adult testis and with the same distribution as those described in ITGCN in children with dysgenetic gonads and with androgen insensitivity syndrome. PAS positivity and placental-like alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) was demonstrated in the abnormal germ cells. The finding indicates that the first event of germ cell tumor oncogenesis may take place before birth, in utero or even before. The occurrence of ITGCN in Down's syndrome has not been reported previously but is likely to occur, as there is evidence that these patients have increased risk of developing germ cell tumors.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1992

Increased yield of myeloid progenitor cells in bone marrow harvested for autologous transplantation by pretreatment with recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor.

Pretreatment with haemopoietic cytokines prior to marrow harvest may result in improved quality of bone marrow harvested for autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Such improvements may reduce the risk for graft failure and decrease time to engraftment. Patients undergoing autologous BMT received recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) immediately prior to marrow harvest. rhG-CSF was administered as daily subcutaneous injections for 5 days at 5 micrograms/kg body weight. Comparison of bone marrow samples before and after rhG-CSF treatment showed an increased bone marrow cellularity and a ninefold increase in the number of marrow leucocytes per volume aspirated. The mean marrow myeloid:erythroid ratio increased from 2.6 to 4.0. The mean numbers of immature (CD38 positive) and proliferating (CD71 positive) myeloid cells increased significantly from 41.6 to 50.8% and from 17.0 to 34.8%, respectively. Other subsets studied, including CD34 positive stem cells, were unchanged. The relative numbers of day 7 and 14 granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (day 7/14 GM-CFU) were unchanged. Long-term marrow cultures revealed that the numbers of 'long-term culture initiating cells' were unchanged after rhG-CSF treatment in spite of the ninefold increase in cellularity. To date, five of the patients have been transplanted with autologous marrow harvested after rhG-CSF treatment. Time to trilineage engraftment was unchanged compared with historical controls. We conclude that pretreatment with rhG-CSF prior to marrow harvest may improve the graft by increasing the total number of myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cells, resulting in stable but not accelerated myeloid engraftment of autologous marrow.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗