Biomedical subjects
G J Judson
Publications and source records attributed to G J Judson.
Haematology and clinical chemistry of hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons).
The report summarises an investigation into the health of wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons) in the field during the breeding season of a drought year. Health was assessed by morphometry, haematology and clinical chemistry and the findings were compared with those obtained for apparently healthy captaive wombats. The erythrocyte count was lower and the erythrocyte size greater in free-ranging wombats than in captaive wombats. Plasma values for potassium, urea, lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate transaminase were greater in free-ranging wombats than captive wombats. Plasma values for creatine, total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were lower in the free-ranging group.
Trace element analysis of bovine liver: interlaboratory survey in Australia and New Zealand.
An interlaboratory survey of the determination of trace elements in bovine liver was undertaken. Thirty-three laboratories from Australia and 15 from New Zealand returned results. Moisture determination results were variable despite the use of a recommended drying procedure. For the 10 trace elements determined, the mean values (microgram/g) with their interlaboratory coefficients of variation (CV) were: cadmium, 1.2 (42.5%); cobalt, 0.21 (9.5%); copper, 110 (6.0%); iron, 276 (11.0%); lead, 0.6 (48.9%); manganese, 8.6 (13.9%); mercury, 0.03 (30.0%); molybdenum, 2.5 (45.6%); selenium, 1.0 (17.5%); zinc, 219 (8.2%). The intralaboratory CV for determining each of these elements was less than 9% except for the lead CV which was 20.2%. Results for the determination of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were also reported. The survey shows that while the use of a standard reference material can improve the performance of laboratories in trace element analysis, it may also introduce analytical bias.
Haematological values in vitamin B12 responsive calves.
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Plasma biochemical values of clinically-normal Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea).
Seventeen biochemical constituents were assayed in the blood plasma of clinically-normal Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea). The sea lions formed part of a breeding colony which inhabits the southern coast of Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Little variation was found in any of the values obtained from animals of different age and sex. The results were compared with values published for California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), Northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus), Harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and Northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris).
Glucose and acetate metabolism in sheep at rest and during exercise.
Total entry rate of blood glucose and the rate of irreversible loss of blood acetate and its oxidation have been examined in sheep at rest and while walking on a horizontal treadmill at 5 km/h for 2 h. Sheep were given their daily ration of 1000 g chaff in 24 eaual portions at hourly intervals and received multiple intravenous injections of [2-3H]glucose and intravenous infusions of [1-14C]acetate and NaH14CO3. At rest the total entry rate of blood glucose was 0-44 +/- 0-03 mmol/min (values given as mean +/- s.e.m. for four sheep), the glucose pool was 23 +/- 1 mmol and the rate of irreversible loss of blood acetate was 2-3 +/- 0-1 mmol/min. During exercise, the total entry rate of blood glucose was 0-84 +/- 0-04 mmol/min, the glucose pool was 27 +/- 2 mmol and the rate of irreversible loss of blood acetate was 2-6 +/- 0-1 mmol/min. Gluconeogenesis apparently increased markedly in response to exercise as indicated by the incorporation of 14C from blood bicarbonate into blood glucose. Despite the substantial increase in the rate of irreversible loss of blood bicarbonate (from 11-6 +/- 1 to 20-2 +/- 2 mmol C/min), and hence energy expenditure with exercise, only a slight change was recorded in the proportion of the irreversible loss rate of acetate that was oxidized.
Studies on the control of gluconeogenesis in sheep: effect of glucose infusion.
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Studies on the control of gluconeogenesis in sheep: effect of propionate, casein and butyrate infusions.
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Low blood selenium concentrations in cattle.
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Estimation of the total entry rate and resynthesis of glucose in sheep using glucoses uniformly labelled with 14 C and variously labelled with 3 H.
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The contribution of propionate to glucose snythesis in sheep given diets of different grain content.
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Glutathione peroxidase activity in bovine and ovine erythrocytes in relation to blood selenium concentration.
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An assessment of the safety of copper heptonate for parenteral therapy in sheep.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate any adverse effects of an intramuscular injection (i.m.) of copper heptonate (CuHep) in sheep. PROCEDURE: Merino wethers about 9 months old were retained in pens and given 1 or 2 mg Cu/kg body weight as CuHep or no Cu treatment. Sheep were weighed and samples of blood for haematology, Cu and enzyme assay and tissues for Cu and Fe assay were collected before and at intervals over 21 days after treatment. RESULTS: CuHep was removed from the injection site within 7 days of treatment and most of it was retained in the liver. Wethers had adequate liver Cu reserves before treatment and the higher dosage of CuHep raised liver Cu to values associated with Cu toxicity. No clinical signs of Cu toxicity were evident. Transient increases in plasma activity of the liver enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase suggested mild liver necrosis due to CuHep, but there was no histopathological evidence of liver necrosis 7 days after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: I.m. injection of Cu as CuHep appears to be readily transferred to the liver. No significant necrosis is caused at the injection site.