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Biomedical subjects

G J Judson

Publications and source records attributed to G J Judson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Copper oxide powder as a copper supplement for sheep.

The ability of oral doses of copper oxide powder to raise liver and blood copper concentration was examined in penned sheep given a pelleted diet containing 4 mg of copper per kg dry matter. Merino sheep of similar live weight and liver copper concentration were allocated at random to one of six treatment groups of four sheep each. Treatment groups received nil, 2.5 g, 5 g, 10 g, 20 g and 40 g of cupric oxide powder. The cupric oxide powder of sieve size 250-350 microns was effective in raising the liver copper concentration for at least 12 weeks. The large particles of oxide powder were retained in the gut for at least 13 days after dosing. Sheep given 10-40 g doses of cupric oxide powder were at risk of copper toxicity, as indicated by elevated plasma enzyme activities, liver copper concentrations and reduced liveweight gains. It was concluded that a 2.5 g dose of cupric oxide powder could be used to prevent short periods of copper deficiency in sheep at pasture without risk of copper toxicity.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Long-acting selenium treatments for sheep.

An intraruminal selenium (Se) pellet and a subcutaneous depot of barium selenate, equivalent to 1.6 mg Se/kg body weight, were each effective in maintaining increased blood Se concentrations for at least 200 weeks in ewes at pasture. These treatments given to the ewes 23 to 26 weeks before lambing increased the Se status of their lambs for 4 to 6 months.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Sex-related responses to vitamin B12 and trace element supplementation in prime lambs.

Bodyweight, plasma vitamin B12 and blood selenium concentrations were monitored in prime lambs given different forms of supplementation at 2 sites in separate years. At the first site treatment groups comprised control, vitamin B12 injection, selenium given orally and a combination of vitamin B12 and selenium. At the second site cobalt and selenium supplied in a glass bullet was compared with an untreated group. Significant sex-related responses were observed to treatment in terms of bodyweight and at site 2 in plasma vitamin B12 concentrations. A marked bodyweight response to glass bullet supplementation was observed in castrated male lambs but not in ewe lambs. These studies show that sex differences should be considered when investigating trace element deficiencies.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Copper and selenium deficiency in cattle: an evaluation of methods of oral therapy and an observation of a copper-selenium interaction.

The efficacies of oxidised copper particles, selenium bullets and soluble glass bullets in raising the copper and/or selenium reserves of young cattle marginally deficient in both trace elements were examined. Selenium bullets were associated with a reduced copper uptake when selenium bullets and oxidised copper particles were given together. Responses in liveweight gains to trace-element supplementation and relationships between copper or selenium in blood components and liver are presented.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Trace element supplementation of sheep: evaluation of various copper supplements and a soluble glass bullet containing copper, cobalt and selenium.

The effect of 5 different copper supplements on copper status of Merino sheep at pasture was examined. Transient increases in plasma copper concentrations occurred following treatment with copper calcium EDTA, copper sulphate, and glass bullets impregnated with copper, cobalt and selenium, but these increases were not considered to be a reliable indication of changes in liver copper reserves. Sheep receiving the glass bullet or 2.5 g oxidised copper wire particles orally or 50 mg copper as copper calcium EDTA parenterally had liver copper concentrations significantly greater than those of untreated sheep for periods up to 51 weeks. Oral doses of 30 mg copper as copper oxychloride, or 300 mg copper as copper sulphate did not alter the liver copper reserves at any stage. The bodyweight and greasy fleece weights were not significantly altered by any of the copper supplements. Plasma vitamin B12 concentrations in sheep given the glass bullet were increased for about 5 months. Thereafter increased plasma vitamin B12 concentrations were observed in all sheep. Blood selenium concentrations were also high during the experiment thereby preventing the evaluation of the glass bullet as a source of selenium.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1984

Copper supplementation of sheep.

The effect of 6 methods of copper supplementation on copper status was examined in Merino sheep at pasture. Plasma copper concentrations were not affected by any of the treatments. Liver copper concentrations in sheep given an oral dose of 3 g of oxidised copper wire particles were significantly greater than those of untreated sheep for the duration of the experiment of 80 weeks. Subcutaneous injections of 18 mg of copper as diethylamino cupro -oxyquinoline sulphonate produced small, transient increases in liver copper. Single oral doses of 150 mg of copper as copper sulphate or 30 mg of copper as copper oxychloride produced little or no detectable increase in liver copper. Liver copper concentrations of untreated sheep were lowest in winter, apparently associated with increased damage to the abomasum, as indicated by raised plasma pepsinogen activities.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Control of alpha-mannosidosis in Angus cattle.

Tests for the detection of animals heterozygous for alpha-mannosidosis were undertaken on samples taken from 34,203 cattle registered with the Angus Society of Australia. Results indicates 1,836 (5.4%) of the animals were heterozygotes. Heterozygotes were detected in 214 (51%) of the herds examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Vitamin B and copper supplementation in beef calves.

Bodyweight responses to subcutaneous injections of vitamin B12 and copper were investigated using Hereford calves in the southeast of South Australia, an area known to produce cobalt and copper deficient sheep. Calves were allocated to one of four groups: control; copper; vitamin B12; copper plus vitamin B12. Responses in bodyweight gain to vitamin B12, and to copper were obtained during the trial of one year. The results of biochemical analysis of blood, hair and faeces from calves and of dam's milk are reported. It is concluded that calves raised on cobalt-deficient pastures will require cobalt or vitamin B12 supplementation prior to weaning.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Haematology and clinical chemistry of hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons).

The report summarises an investigation into the health of wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons) in the field during the breeding season of a drought year. Health was assessed by morphometry, haematology and clinical chemistry and the findings were compared with those obtained for apparently healthy captaive wombats. The erythrocyte count was lower and the erythrocyte size greater in free-ranging wombats than in captaive wombats. Plasma values for potassium, urea, lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate transaminase were greater in free-ranging wombats than captive wombats. Plasma values for creatine, total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase were lower in the free-ranging group.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Trace element analysis of bovine liver: interlaboratory survey in Australia and New Zealand.

An interlaboratory survey of the determination of trace elements in bovine liver was undertaken. Thirty-three laboratories from Australia and 15 from New Zealand returned results. Moisture determination results were variable despite the use of a recommended drying procedure. For the 10 trace elements determined, the mean values (microgram/g) with their interlaboratory coefficients of variation (CV) were: cadmium, 1.2 (42.5%); cobalt, 0.21 (9.5%); copper, 110 (6.0%); iron, 276 (11.0%); lead, 0.6 (48.9%); manganese, 8.6 (13.9%); mercury, 0.03 (30.0%); molybdenum, 2.5 (45.6%); selenium, 1.0 (17.5%); zinc, 219 (8.2%). The intralaboratory CV for determining each of these elements was less than 9% except for the lead CV which was 20.2%. Results for the determination of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were also reported. The survey shows that while the use of a standard reference material can improve the performance of laboratories in trace element analysis, it may also introduce analytical bias.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Plasma biochemical values of clinically-normal Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea).

Seventeen biochemical constituents were assayed in the blood plasma of clinically-normal Australian sea lions (Neophoca cinerea). The sea lions formed part of a breeding colony which inhabits the southern coast of Kangaroo Island, South Australia. Little variation was found in any of the values obtained from animals of different age and sex. The results were compared with values published for California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), Northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus), Harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and Northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris).

Animals↗