Antenatal sonographic findings of thanatophoric dysplasia with cloverleaf skull.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Isaacson.
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Thanatophoric dysplasia with cloverleaf skull is a congenital anomaly characterized by a bizarre form of hydrocephalus and a uniformly fatal, shortlimbed chondrodysplasia. We report a case of associated cardiac anomalies, with a review of all previous known reports.
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PURPOSE: The optimal technique for pediatric tonsillectomy remains a hotly debated topic. The speed and superior hemostatic properties of electrosurgical dissection must be weighed against the greater tissue preservation and more rapid healing of cold dissection techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have used a new surgical device, bipolar electrosurgical scissors, in 30 consecutive pediatric tonsillectomies. This instrument provides mechanical cutting with or without simultaneous bipolar electrocoagulation. RESULTS: The average surgical time was 6 minutes. There was no intraoperative blood loss. There were no immediate or late post-tonsillectomy hemorrhages. All tonsillar fossae were completely healed at 2-week follow-up. CONCLUSION: Bipolar electrosurgical scissors provide the best properties of both cold dissection and electrosurgical tonsillectomy without increasing surgical time or cost.
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Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to evaluate normal fetal intracranial anatomy in axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. The T1 and T2 weighted images (WI) of aborted fetuses of varying gestational ages were correlated with anatomic sections. In the premature fetus three distinct intensity zones were seen on MR that were not visualized on gross specimens. Unmyelinated white matter displays low intensity on T1 W1 and high intensity on T2 W1. Maturational changes of the brain were observed with advancing fetal age.
We discuss the cases of a mother and daughter with paralysis of laryngeal abduction at birth as an isolated symptom. These patients are compared with other known families with congenital abductor paralysis, and inferences are made about the cause and mechanism of the disorder. A plan of diagnosis and management is presented.
Advances in the field of antenatal diagnosis have made possible the detection of profound sensorineural hearing loss prior to birth. Fetal motion in response to sound and auditory evoked potential testing can determine the presence of fetal hearing in the third trimester of pregnancy. Imaging modalities including ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging hold promise for the diagnosis of some forms of congenital deafness in the second trimester fetus. The methods by which congenital deafness soon may be diagnosed and the implications for the otologist are discussed.
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