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Biomedical subjects

G Hansson

Publications and source records attributed to G Hansson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Primary carcinoid tumour with ossification masquerading as calyx stone in a horseshoe kidney.

A case of renal carcinoid tumour arising within a teratoma in a horseshoe kidney in a 23-year-old male is reported. The presenting symptom was abdominal pain, and bone tissue within the tumour was initially misinterpreted as a calyx stone, leading to unsuccessful attempts at extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsia and percutaneous lithotripsia. This unusual tumour is over-represented in patients with horseshoe kidney and other congenital developmental renal defects.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Results after femoral and innominate osteotomy in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.

In a retrospective study of the surgical management of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, 16 femoral osteotomies (Group A) and 18 innominate osteotomies (Group B) were compared Smith regard to clinical and radiographic results. All hips were classified preoperatively as Catterall Group 3 or Group 4. The average followup period was 6 years in Group A and 8 years in Group B. The clinical results were the same in the 2 groups and all patients were asymptomatic in the affected hip(s) during daily activity. The radiographic results were also the same in the 2 groups with regard to measurements of the sphericity of the femoral head (Mose's index and epiphyseal quotient) but the coverage of the femoral head by the acetabulum (center edge angle) was better in the innominate osteotomy group.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1997

Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in medullary thyroid carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: 111In-radiolabelled (DTPA-D-Phe1)-octreotide scintigraphy can be used to localize neuroendocrine tumours expressing somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). The aim of this paper was to analyse the importance of tumour volume and growth for the visualization by SSTR scintigraphy of metastases from medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). METHODS: Serum calcitonin concentrations were used to estimate volume and growth rate of MTC. Twenty-two patients who had persistent hypercalcitoninaemia after total thyroidectomy for MTC, indicating the presence of metastases, were studied. RESULTS: SSTR scintigraphy visualized 15 tumours in 11 patients. Patients with scintigraphically visualized tumours had higher serum calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen concentrations and larger tumours, and the serum calcitonin concentration increased more rapidly with time. Tumour-associated symptoms and death from MTC occurred only in patients with scintigraphically visualized tumours. CONCLUSION: Scintigraphically visualized tumours grow more rapidly and are more aggressive than nonvisualized lesions. SSTR scintigraphy can be helpful in the planning of palliative surgery for MTC and for diagnosing distant metastases, but cannot localize microscopic metastases.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1996

Improved survival of patients with papillary thyroid cancer after surgical microdissection.

A total of 195 patients had surgery for papillary thyroid cancer. The mean age at operation was 50 years. A microdissection technique was used for total thyroidectomy and lymph node clearance. Postoperative radioiodine tests showed no uptake or an uptake close to the background activity in 77% of the examined patients. By counting the lymph nodes removed at surgery we were able to check on the quality of the lymph node dissection. Men had a higher incidence (70%) of lymph node metastases than women (45%). Only 4% of the patients had radioiodine ablation of the thyroid remnant. The median follow-up time was 13 years. None of the patients below 45 years of age at surgery died of thyroid cancer. In the older age group eight patients died of thyroid cancer at a mean age of 75 years. Five of those who died of a thyroid carcinoma had distant metastases at diagnosis. Among patients with resectable disease, three (1.6%) died of thyroid cancer, all of whom had lived for more than 17 years after surgery. Hence longer follow-up is needed before we know the final mortality in our series. The results suggest that surgical technique and strategy can positively influence the survival of patients with papillary thyroid cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Age-standardized incidence and prevalence of Parkinson's disease in a Swedish community.

Parkinson's disease (PD) shows a geographical variation. All prescriptions for anti-parkinsonian drugs were recorded for a half-year in a region with low L-dopa consumption. Hospital and outpatient records were studied and physicians were asked to supply details of PD patients in the region, with 147,777 inhabitants. The crude prevalence was 115 PD per 100,000 inhabitants, based on 170 cases. In contrast to other studies we report an age-standardized prevalence, which was 76 per 100,000, using the European Standard Population as reference. The corresponding approximate incidences were 11.0 (crude) and 7.9 (age-standardized) per 100,000 person-years. Male preponderance appeared in all age groups. Mean age at onset was 65.6 years, the highest figure reported. Variation between studies for age at onset, differences in prevalence, and male preponderance suggest environmental risk factors to be of importance for PD.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Incidence of primary liver cancer and aetiological aspects: a study of a defined population from a low-endemicity area.

The prevalence of primary liver cancer (PLC) varies throughout the world. It has been attributed to variations in incidence of the predominant histological type, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The incidence of PLC types other than HCC such as cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC) is far less known, especially in low-incidence areas. The aetiology of HCC and other PLC types is obscure, with the exception of the association between HCC and cirrhosis as well as chronic viral hepatitis. The present retrospective incidence and aetiology study concerns a well-defined population from a period with a high autopsy frequency. Preserved biopsy specimens were re-evaluated histopathologically and patient records were studied. Among 590 histologically verified cases of PLC, HCC constituted 90%, CCC 8% and a mixed form of these types 1%. At the end of the study period the annual age-standardised incidence rate of HCC was 3.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Other PLC types were hepatoblastoma (n = 3), fibrolamellar carcinoma (n = 2), angiosarcoma (n = 1) and infantile haemangioendothelioma (n = 1), each constituting less than 1% of the PLC cases. Comparing HCC with CCC we found that cirrhosis (70%) and alcoholism (21%) was significantly more frequent in HCC, and cholelithiasis was significantly more common (60%) in patients with CCC. In the majority of the PLC cases with liver cirrhosis this disorder was unknown before diagnosis of the tumour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Bilaterality in slipped capital femoral epiphysis: importance of a reliable radiographic method.

One hundred patients treated for slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) were reviewed to evaluate the incidence of bilateral slipping of the epiphysis at an average follow-up time of 32 years. When the patients were examined during adolescence, repeat lateral radiographs of the hips had been obtained by the frog lateral view in 33 patients and by the standardized lateral view according to the method of Billing in 67 patients. At re-examination, 59 patients (59%) were judged to have had a previous bilateral SCFE; in 42 of these 59 patients (71%), slipping of the contralateral hip was asymptomatic. In 23 patients (23%), the diagnosis of bilateral slipping was established at primary admission, in 18 (18%) later during adolescence, and in 18 (18%) not until the patients were reexamined as adults and the primary radiographs were reviewed. The incidence of bilateral slipping was higher in patients in whom the Billing standardized lateral view was used (63%) than in patients in whom the frog lateral view was used (52%). We conclude that the incidence of bilateral slipping of the epiphysis in patients with SCFE is approximately 60% in Sweden. If repeat radiographs of the contralateral hip are obtained with the Billing standardized lateral view until physeal closure occurs, even minor slipping of the epiphysis, which is often advisable to treat, will be apparent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Rapid detection of thymidylate synthase gene expression levels by semi-quantitative competitive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction followed by quantitative digital image analysis.

We describe a simplified and reliable polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to quantify thymidylate synthase (TS) gene expression levels from clinical human tumor biopsy samples as small as 100 mg using the beta-actin housekeeping gene as a reference standard. The semiquantitative RT-PCR is carried out by the coamplification of the target template and an external competitor using primer pairs common to both templates in the same reaction vessel. Quantitative digital image analysis is performed directly after electrophoresis, thus mRNA quantification is done quickly and without the use of radioactive substances. The observed relative TS gene expression levels varied between 3- and 40-fold, but most of the values were grouped within a 10-fold range. There is an observed 89% correlation between TS mRNA expression and protein levels. These findings suggest that preliminary experiments used to determine the linear range of RT-PCR amplification in non-competitive semiquantitative PCR experiments, and the use of radioactive substances to quantify PCR products may be unnecessary.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Minor role of hepatitis B and C virus infection in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in a low-endemic area.

BACKGROUND: The etiologic role of hepatitis B (HBV) and C virus (HCV) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a low-endemicity area is obscure. METHODS: Patients suspected of having primary liver cancer (PLC) in Göteborg, Sweden (n = 113), were tested serologically for HBV surface antigen and antibodies to HBV surface and core antigens. The presence of HBV surface and core antigens in cancer and non-neoplastic liver tissue in HCC cases was investigated immunohistochemically. Antibodies to HCV were tested by third-generation tests. The prevalence of HBV and HCV infection was compared in 73 patients with HCC and 32 patients with a final diagnosis other than PLC. RESULTS: No patient had signs of chronic HBV infection. Seven of 64 (11%) HCC patients were anti-HCV-positive, compared with 1 of 31 (3%) without PLC. All seven patients with HCC and HCV infection had liver cirrhosis, and two were alcoholics. Alcoholism was judged the commonest (42%) cause of cirrhosis. CONCLUSION: Contrary to areas with a high incidence of HCC, chronic viral hepatitis, particularly HBV, seems to play a minor etiologic role for HCC in Sweden compared with alcohol-related cirrhosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Correction of persistent clubfoot deformities with the Ilizarov external fixator. Experience in 10 previously operated feet followed for 2-5 years.

We reviewed the outcome in 10 idiopathic clubfeet in 7 patients treated with the Ilizarov external fixator (IEF) for persistent foot deformities after previous surgery. After follow-up of a median of 40 (25-56) months, 6 patients/parents were satisfied with the results and most of them reported better walking capacity and fewer problems finding shoes that fit. Severe equinus deformity was seen in 9/10 feet prior to treatment in the IEF and in no foot at follow-up. However, persistent reduction of ankle joint motion, limited walking capacity and intermittent pain were commonly found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Fibrolamellar hepatic carcinoma in an area with a low incidence of primary liver cancer: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence and prognosis of fibrolamellar hepatic carcinoma in a defined population. DESIGN: Retrospective study of histological slides. SETTING: University hospital, Sweden. SUBJECTS: The 532 patients (out of a total of 711 who were treated at the university hospital during a 22 year period 1 January 1958-31 December 1979) whose primary hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed on review of the histological slides. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence and prognosis of fibrolamellar hepatic carcinoma. RESULTS: Two patients (women aged 22 and 46) were found to have fibrolamellar tumours and in both they were advanced and the patients died 2 weeks and 9 months, respectively, after exploratory laparotomy. If these are taken as a proportion of the 18 patients who were under the age of 50 at the time of diagnosis then the incidence of the fibrolamellar type of hepatocellular carcinoma is 11%. Since then (in 1993) we have come across one further case, a woman of 39 who was well 22 months after operation though she had metastatic disease. CONCLUSIONS: The fibrolamellar type of hepatocellular carcinoma is rare, and all three of our cases were young women (under the age of 50). It seems to have a slightly better prognosis than other types of primary hepatic tumours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Long-term results after realignment operations for slipped upper femoral epiphysis.

We reviewed the long-term results of the treatment of slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE) using realignment procedures in 36 patients (37 hips) at an average follow-up of 33.8 years (26 to 42). There were serious short-term complications in seven of the 22 hips treated by subcapital osteotomy, three of the 11 hips treated by intertrochanteric osteotomy and three of the four hips treated by manipulative reduction. At re-examination, the clinical and radiological results were excellent or good in 41% of the hips treated by subcapital osteotomy, in 36% treated by intertrochanteric osteotomy and in none treated by manipulative reduction. In all, seven hips (19%) had had arthrodesis or total hip replacement. The natural history of SUFE was probably not improved by any of the treatments used in our study. We therefore discourage the use of subcapital and intertrochanteric osteotomy as well as manipulative reduction in the primary treatment of chronic SUFE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Erythrocyte porphobilinogen deaminase activity and primary liver cancer.

OBJECTIVES: To study whether primary liver cancer (PLC) could be associated with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) carriership and whether the activity of erythrocyte porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD) could be used as a tumour marker for PLC. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Medical and surgical wards in two general hospitals in Göteborg, Sweden. SUBJECTS: All patients with a strong suspicion of PLC (n = 109) who came to the authors' attention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Measurement of PBGD activity in erythrocytes. Comparison of the PBGD activity in groups with various final diagnoses-hepatocellular carcinoma (n = 58), cholangiocellular carcinoma (n = 2), malignancy other than PLC (n = 18), benign liver disorders (n = 11)--and according to presence of cirrhosis. RESULTS: None of the patients had a clinical or family history of AIP. Four cases with low PBGD activity, suggesting AIP gene carriership, were found, which is more than expected. However, the cases were evenly distributed amongst the groups. The mean activity of PBGD was higher in cirrhotic patients, irrespective of the presence of PLC, than in others. CONCLUSIONS: (i) Acute intermittent porphyria gene carriership might be associated with an increased risk not only for PLC but also for secondary malignancies and benign tumours in the liver. (ii) High activity of PBGD is not unusual in liver cirrhosis and the reason for this needs to be elucidated, but it seems to be of no clinical value as a tumour marker for PLC.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Metastases in cases with hepatocellular carcinoma in relation to clinicopathologic features of the tumor. An autopsy study from a low endemic area.

In order to study clinicopathologic features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their relation to metastatic growth, all autopsied cases with confirmed HCC (n = 490) from a period with a high autopsy frequency in a well-defined population were analyzed. Cirrhosis, usually of micronodular type, was found in 72%. The gross appearance of the tumour was predominantly massive (46%) or multinodular (42%). The tumour involved both liver lobes in 72% or the right lobe alone in 20%. Histologically, trabecular growth (79%) and grade II of differentiation (52%) prevailed. Vascular invasion was noted in 56%, whereas involvement of the biliary tract was unusual (4%). Metastases especially involved lymph nodes (42%), lungs (18%) and skeleton (17%). Increased weight of the liver, multinodular appearance, involvement of both liver lobes, low grade of differentiation and vascular invasion were significantly associated with presence of metastases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Endothelial prostacyclin production, synergistic effect between adrenergic stimulating and blocking drugs.

Endothelial cells (EC) produce prostacyclin (PGI2) in high quantities which at the luminal surface decreases platelet aggregation and adhesion and basal to the cell relaxes smooth muscle cells (SMC). Connections have been reported between prostacyclin production, hypertension and the degree of adrenergic activation. The present study tested the hypothesis that prostacyclin production by EC could be regulated by adrenergic mechanisms. EC were isolated from human umbilical cord veins. Washed cells were seeded and grown to confluency on tissue culture dishes. The test drugs were simultaneously added to parallel dishes. Samples were collected from the conditioned medium and analyzed for 6-keto-PGF1a with RIA technique. Endothelial cells pretreated with the betaadrenoceptor blocking drugs metoprolol or propranolol synergistically increased basal prostacyclin production when exposed to betaadrenergic stimulation. However, using isomers with high or low betaadrenoblocking effect, this synergism was demonstrated not to be associated to the betaadrenoceptor blocking effect of the drugs per se. These findings may have implications on the arterial hypertensive state characterized by high sympathetic tonus and low PGI2 production. The data may offer an explanation why hypertensive individuals react with increased PGI2 production, upon betaadrenoceptor blocking therapy.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1994

Selective solid-phase extraction of urinary 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha for determination with radioimmunoassay.

This paper describes a method for selective two-step solid-phase extraction of urinary 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha for reliable determination with radioimmunoassay. In the immunoreactivity profile of non-selectively extracted urine after HPLC separation, over 90% of the total 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha immunoreactivity consisted of interfering material coeluting with 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha and 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha. Among the alkyl silica sorbents studied (methyl, butyl, octyl, and octadecyl), an efficient separation of 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha from 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha and the lowest immunoreactive concentration of analyte were achieved in extraction on the methyl silica sorbent by elution of 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha with chloroform: hexane (85:15, v/v) from the cartridge. The proportion of specific immunoreactivity could be further increased by two-step extraction of sample on methyl silica cartridges, first at pH 3 and then at pH 10 using diethyl ether:hexane (85:15, v/v) and chloroform as eluent, respectively. After this, a high correlation was found with concentrations of samples determined by radioimmunoassay using three different antisera. A significant correlation of values was also observed between samples measured by radioimmunoassay and those measured by GC-MS. The values of 12-h excretion of 2,3-dinor-6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha in eight volunteers (268 +/- 204 ng/g creatinine, mean +/- SD) as well as the inhibitory effect of acetylsalicylic acid (74 +/- 12%) are in accordance with those reported in the literature. This selective extraction procedure provides a high validity in radioimmunoassay without requiring subsequent TLC or HPLC purification.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗