Infertile men with varicocele or idiopathic infertility were compared with a control group. Spermocytograms were taken and the following radioimmunological plasma analyses carried out: testosterone, FSH and LH before and after 50 micrograms LRH, Prolactin (PRL) before and after 200 micrograms TRH; in addition, 8 patients with varicoceles and 3 controls received LRH intravenously (0.4 microgram/min.) for 4 hours. The binding of [125I] human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) to testicular tissue obtained by biopsy from 10 infertile men was also investigated. Of the parameters studied, no differences were found between the unilateral or bilateral varicoceles. In the two groups of infertile men, sperm motility and percentage normal forms were similar and significantly lower than in controls. As compared to the controls, in the groups of infertile men, basal LH and testosterone levels were no different but basal FSH levels was increased, basal PRL was higher (p less than 0.05) in the varicocele group. Responses of the LH, FSH and PRL to LRH and TRH stimulations were generally higher in infertile men than in controls. As compared to the idiopathic infertile men, testosterone levels and responses of plasma FSH to LRH injection were lower in varicocele group. Moreover, in infertile men with varicocele, age was correlated negatively with sperm motility and testosterone level and it was correlated positively with LH response to LRH injection. For each patient, testicular tissue was able to specifically bind [125I]hCG, but in some cases of varicoceles, hCG binding capacity was different in the two testes and seemed higher than that observed in men with obstructive azoospermia. These results suggest: 1) dysfunction in both spermatogenesis and Leydig cells with a compensatory hyperfunction of the pituitary gland in infertile men with varicocele; 2) worsening in Leydig cells and tubular lesions with longer duration of varicocele; and 3) absence of any gross abnormality in hCG binding to its specific receptors in the testis of men with varicocele. These data suggest varicoceles may play a causal role in infertility.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Pseudohypohyperparathyroidism or Frame's pseudohypoparathyroidism type II].

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Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Long term course of insulin secretion in treated noninsulin dependent diabetics (author's transl)].

The long-term effects of sulfonamides were studied by means of hyperinsulinemia tests in 82 diabetics over a period of 12 months (24 months for 30 of them). Whereas for those obese diabetics whose only treatment was dieting--alone or combined with biguanides--hyperinsulinemia attenuates itself as do also variations in glycemia, although some asynchronism remains, in those diabetics treated with sulfonamides--alone or in combination with other treatments--the insulinemia curve is hardly modified.

Biguanides↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Disposition and metabolism of letosteine in rats.

The metabolism and disposition of letosteine, labeled either with 14C or 35S, has been investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. In separate experiments, rats received 20 mg/kg, iv or orally, [14C]letosteine or [35S]letosteine. Radioactivity was rapidly excreted, mainly in urine, after iv and oral administration. Recovery of radioactivity from 0-72-hr excreta averaged 95% after both routes of [14C]letosteine administration, whereas only 50% was recovered when [35S]letosteine was administered. 14CO2 accounted for about 7.3% (iv) and 5.1% (po) of the dose of [14C]letosteine. Comparison of the iv and oral areas under the plasma 14C radioactivity concentration-time curves suggested that oral absorption of letosteine was complete. Analysis of the radioactivity content of urine showed that letosteine undergoes rapid and extensive metabolism. Several metabolites were identified by TLC, HPLC, and MS. The findings are consistent with a splitting of the ester group of letosteine and subsequent cleavage of the thiazolidinyl ring, yielding cysteine, hypotaurine, taurine, and inorganic sulfate. The metabolite derived from the side chain was identified in the urine as 3-(hydroxycarbonylmethylthio)propanoic acid. It undergoes further oxidation into sulfoxide and sulfone derivatives, which are also present in the urine.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Long term course of insulin secretion in treated non-insulin dependent diabetics (author's transl)].

The long-term effects of sulfonamides were studied by means of hyperinsulinemia tests in 82 diabetics over a period of 12 months (24 months for 30 of them). Whereas for those (obese) diabetes whose only treatment was dieting--alone or combined with biguanides--hyperinsulinemia attenuates itself as do also variations in glycemia, although some asynchronism remains, in those diabetics treated with sulfonamides--alone or in combination with other treatments--the insulinemia curve is hardly modified.

Biguanides↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid adenoma and calcified cancer of the thyroid].

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Adenoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Transient hypothyroidism in 8 low birth weight newborns. Role of topical application of iodine chemicals].

Very low plasma levels of thyroxine with a parallel decrease in the free thyroxine index were observed in 8 low birth weight infants. The tri-iodo-thyronine levels were slightly but significantly reduced and there was a concommitant increase in thyrotropin concentrations. The abnormalities, which were usually seen between the 10th--45th day, were transitory and resolved completely. The possible role of topical iodinated products is discussed.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Biodistribution and metabolism of orally administered mitozolomide in mice.

The disposition and metabolism of two 14C-labeled species of Mitozolomide (Mz) were studied in healthy and in B16 melanoma-bearing mice after po administration of a 40 mg/kg dose. Urine was the main elimination route of the radioactivity derived from [14C]chloroethyl Mz whereas a major part of the radiocarbon was recovered as 14CO2 in the expired air of mice given C]tetrazin Mz, indicating an extensive metabolism of the drug. Subsequent studies conducted only with the [14C]chloroethyl species, showed that total radioactivity and Mz were rapidly distributed to plasma and tissues but that Mz levels decreased more rapidly than those of total radioactivity, thus indicating an early metabolism of the drug. It is noteworthy that B16 melanoma concentrated Mz and/or metabolites to the same extent as normal tissues except the brain. Elimination of Mz from all tissues including the tumor was first order with a t 1/2 ranging from 1.52 to 2.03 hr. In the part of the study related to disposition, pharmacokinetic parameters did not significantly differ between control and B16-bearing mice. In the other part related to metabolic fate, we showed that among the urinary excretion products, unchanged Mz represented about one third of the eliminated radioactivity. Eight metabolites were separated by HPLC and five identified as degradation products of alkylated glutathione, namely thiodiacetic acid and its sulfoxide, S-carboxymethylcysteine and N-acetyl derivatives of S-carboxymethylcysteine and S-hydroxyethylcysteine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗