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Biomedical subjects

G Friedrich

Publications and source records attributed to G Friedrich.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[The effect of the configuration of the thyroid cartilage on the asymmetry of the dorsal glottis and its significance for vocal function].

We investigated the effect of thyroid cartilage asymmetry on the posterior glottis. 1. Patients with vocal disorders showing "crossing" of the arytenoid cartilages underwent phoniatric and logopedic investigation as well as CT scan of the larynx in the horizontal plane. The shape of the thyroid cartilage and its relation to the other laryngeal structures were measured and analysed quantitatively. 2. Laryngeal serial sections in the horizontal plane were made and analysed in the same way. 3. Experiments were done in which the configuration of the thyroid cartilage was varied and the muscular influences were stimulated to produce typical anomalies of the posterior glottis. These investigations showed that there is a correlation between the configuration of the supraglottic thyroid cartilage and anomalies of the posterior glottis. Irregular growth of the thyroid cartilage causes different positions of the aryepiglottic folds with different positions of the corniculate cartilage during phonation. The shape of the anomaly described by us correlated in all cases with reduced vocal ability. It can now be assessed by CT.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A new technic for preventing post-puncture complications following diagnostic lumbar puncture].

We investigated the clinical relevance of a new lumbar-puncture technique for prevention of headache. The spinal meninges were penetrated with a conventional puncture-needle with its bevel adjusted parallel to the main fibre direction, contrary to that in the usual technique. We used this method in 12 patients and only 1 complained of headache. On the other hand 9 patients out of 12 suffered from headache after conventional lumbar-puncture. These results demonstrate that post-lumbar puncture headache can be prevented by this technique in a high proportion of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Pancreatopathy in diabetes mellitus].

In a comparative histopathologic autopsy study, 100 patients with diabetes mellitus were compared to 100 without this condition with respect to the presence of chronic pancreatopathy. No qualitative differences in specific alterations could be identified. In diabetic patients, however, intralobular and interacinar fibrosis, lipomatosis and atrophy of the parenchyma occurred more frequently and tended to be more severe. These alterations were also associated with the duration and severity of the diabetic condition and with the age of the patient and the degree of arteriosclerosis. On the other hand alterations of the ductal system and the presence of periductal fibrosis appeared to be less frequent in the diabetic group. The more marked pancreatopathic changes which were observed in the diabetics may be interpreted as resulting from a decreased regenerative ability of the parenchyma in higher age especially in the face of arteriosclerotic circulatory deficits in diabetes. Hormonal-metabolic regulatory disturbances in the function of the acinar pancreatic parenchyma due to the insulin deficit in the capillary net may also play a role.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1985

[Morphine metabolism in critical patients with need-directed peridural morphine infusion for the management of postoperative pain].

For constant analgesia after abdominal surgery, 34 patients (Group I) and 14 patients under intensive care (Group II) received epidural morphine infusions at mean hourly rates of 0.23 +/- 0.04 mg morphine in the first hour to 0.01 +/- 0.0 mg in the 50th hour, and 1.55 +/- 0.26 mg in the first hour to 0.20 +/- 0.08 mg in the 50th hour, respectively, after an initial bolus injection of 2 mg morphine. Whereas in Group I metabolized morphine immunoreactivity reached a plateau within 20 minutes which lasted until 8 p.m. on the operation day, in Group II a far higher plateau (p less than 0.001) was attained,--but only after some hours--which lasted until 8 p.m. on the first postoperative day. In the course of the treatment, concentrations of metabolized morphine immunoreactivity in serum and in urine decreased in both groups.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1985

[Measurement of inner ear circulation using radioactive indicators].

To clarify the possibility of measuring the inner ear blood flow by radionuclide imaging, we used a skull phantom and a scintillation camera and found that a concentration difference of at least 100: 1 between the inner ear and the background is needed for external detection. Similar concentration differences can be found in aminoglycosid antibiotics because of their special pharmacokinetic characteristics. We believe, therefore, that with an appropriate radioactive indicator, such as labelled aminoglycoside or labelled (99mTc, 123J)-inulin, it would be possible to measure the inner ear blood flow in a non-invasive and selective way.

Ear, Inner↗
PubMed1985

[Etiology and pathogenesis of sudden deafness].

163 patients suffering from sudden hearing loss were examined with regard to their cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipaemia, cigarette smoking, hyperglycaemia, hyperuricaemia and obesity). Patients with sudden hearing loss had significantly more vascular risk factors than a healthy control group. Significantly more risk factors were also seen in patients where the hearing loss could not be influenced by therapy. We consider this an indication for the importance of vascular risk factors in the genesis of sudden hearing loss, especially in cases with infaust prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Influence of the volume of peridural morphine bolus injections on morphine concentration in the cisterna magna of the dog].

14 dogs received randomly a bolus injection of either 2 mg morphine in 10 ml isotonic saline solution or 2 mg morphine in 1 ml isotonic saline solution epidurally at T6. An epidural infusion of 0.16 mg morphine/0.06 ml/h was applied immediately following the 1 ml bolus injection of morphine. Cisternal cerebellomedullary CSF samples were taken at varying intervals to determine free morphine immunoreactivity by radioimmunoassay. Within 20 min after the 10 ml bolus injection the peak CSF morphine concentration of 3594 +/- 910 ng/ml was reached. Following this, CSF morphine levels decreased exponentially and after 48 h 8 +/- 3 ng/ml were measured. The peak CSF morphine concentration of 139 +/- 51 ng/ml was, however, reached only after 2 h following the 1 ml bolus injection plus the infusion treatment. Despite the additional infused amount of 7.68 mg over 48 h the CSF morphine concentrations decreased also exponentially and after 48 h 16 +/- 4 ng/ml were measured. One may conclude, therefore, that the risk of respiratory depression is negligible under epidural infusion treatment following an initial "Low-Volume"-bolus injection of 2 mg morphine, a recommendable method for treating post-operative pain. High-volume bolus injections of morphine should generally be abandoned in epidural treatment of pain.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Inhibitory effect of cloxacepride on compound 48/80-induced histamine and serotonin release from rat mast cells.

Cloxacepride, a potent inhibitor of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in the rat, was evaluated for in vitro inhibitory effect on 48/80-induced histamine and serotonin release from rat mesenterial mast cells. Significant inhibition and linearity of concentration and effect was found in the concentration range of 10 to 50 microM. The IC50 was determined to 21 microM (histamine) and 19 microM (serotonin). A simultaneous liberation of both mediators from mast cells is indicated from nearly identical IC50. LDH increase in the supernatant of the incubation mixture by cell damage resulted from higher concentrations of cloxacepride (greater than 50 microM). The high concentration of 10 micrograms/ml releaser 48/80 did not affect or diminish the effect of cloxacepride, while the reference compounds cromolyn sodium (DSCG) and theophylline were inactive under these conditions. The substantial inhibition of the PCA reaction and of the mediator release from mast cells provides cloxacepride a promising potential antiallergic drug.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Cause of crossed cerebellar diaschisis in cerebrovascular disease].

In 31 patients with completed stroke (n = 30) or PRIND (n = 1) a brain SPECT with 123I-labeled amphetamines was performed. In 14 (= 45%) of the respective patients--suffering from long-lasting hemiplegia--crossed cerebellar diaschisis was present. The interval between onset of the disease and time of examination varied between 1 week and 7 years. On the other hand, patients without crossed cerebellar diaschisis did not, with one exception, suffer from hemiplegia. It is likely that this phenomenon is caused by the reduction of spino-cerebellar stimuli due to the paresis of the respective extremities.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Evaluation of individual prognosis in sudden deafness].

Based on a recently published paper, we attempted to assess the individual prognosis for patients suffering from sudden deafness. We selected several factors of importance in the prognosis: Positive-Factors: no deafness, no vestibular dysfunction, therapy began within 4 days, and not more than one vascular risk factor. Negative-Factors: deafness, objective vestibular dysfunction, therapy began later than 21 days and more than one vascular risk factor. Every patient was examined and given a positive or negative score between +4 and -4. According to these results a good prognosis (in 70%) can be expected for patients with at least one positive factor, whereas poor prognosis was found (in 75%) of patients without a positive-factor.

Hearing Loss, Sudden↗
PubMed1984

[Morphine concentrations in serum in need-controlled peridural morphine infusion].

After abdominal or thoracoabdominal operations, an epidural, on-demand morphine infusion following an initial bolus injection of 2 mg morphine was administered to 48 patients for postoperative pain relief. 34 non-intubated patients (Group I) and 14 artificially ventilated patients under intensive care conditions (Group II) received morphine solutions of 0.25% (maximum flow rate 0.31 ml/h) and 0.4% (maximum flow rate 0.5 ml/h), respectively. Total morphine consumption of the intensive care patients (Group II) until 8 p.m. on the 2nd postoperative day was 34.0 +/- 2.9 mg and was significantly higher than in non-intubated patients (Group I), with 6.4 +/- 0.4 mg (p less than 0.001). Although serum concentrations of free and metabolized morphine immunoreactivity declined in both groups in the course of treatment in accordance with the decreasing morphine demand, pharmacokinetics varied between the two groups. Whereas serum concentrations of free morphine immunoreactivity in group I, which decreased multiexponentially following the 2 mg. bolus injection, were not influenced by morphine infusion rates, serum morphine immunoreactivity in group II showed an increase until 8 p.m. on the operation day (p less than 0.005). Metabolized morphine reached plateau concentrations in both groups because of its relatively long half-life: the plateau in group II patients was significantly higher, was reached later and lasted longer than that of group I (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1984

[Relevant prognostic factors in hearing loss].

An attempt is made to define some of the important factors in the prognosis of sudden deafness: 136 patients could be divided into four groups. Group 1 achieved complete recovery of auditory function, group 2 had good recovery, group 3 poor recovery and group 4 had no recovery of auditory function. Different parameters were compared on these four groups. Subjects treated as outpatients were also included to allow assessment of the long term results. There was no difference in therapy among these four groups. The following proved to be unfavourable prognostic factors: deafness, objective vestibular signs, delay in starting treatment, high number of vascular risk factors, and advanced age. The extent of the hearing-loss (with the exception of total deafness), subjective symptoms such as vertigo and tinnitus and radiologically demonstrated lesions of the cervical spine, had no influence on the prognosis. The late results showed a marked tendency for late improvement of the auditory function.

Adult↗