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Biomedical subjects

G Favez

Publications and source records attributed to G Favez.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Aspiration of solid food particles into lungs of patients with gastroesophageal reflux and chronic bronchial disease.

The existence of a relationship between upper digestive tract impairment and respiratory disturbance is generally accepted. The aim of this study was to determine whether pulmonary aspiration, documented by labeled meal and lung scans, could be a contributory factor. Thirty-two patients with chronic respiratory complaints (19 men, 13 women, mean age: 57.8 yr), 29 of whom had an FEV1 below 80 percent of predicted values, and 13 healthy subjects (six men, seven women, mean age 50.9 yr) took part in a prospective study. Scintiscans showed gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in 27 patients (84 percent) and in five control subjects (38 percent). Lung contamination was ascertained in 24 patients (75 percent) and in two control subjects (15 percent) (p less than 0.001) 15 hours after a labeled solid meal. Vegetal fibers were found in sputum smears after mouth rinsing the day after ingestion of 8.5 g wheat bran in 72 percent of patients and in 77 percent of control subjects. Although two associated phenomena are not necessarily causally related, pulmonary aspiration documented by pulmonary scintigraphy did significantly correlate with gastroesophageal reflux, suggesting that aspiration resulting from reflux may perpetuate, if not initiate, chronic bronchial disease.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMed1986

[Impact of atmospheric pollution on the lung].

Longitudinal studies on the effects of atmospheric pollutants on the respiratory system have yielded conflicting conclusions. Socio-economic situation, cigarette smoking and chronic diseases must be taken in account in this multifactorial problem. Nevertheless, evidence has been accumulating that exposure brings a consistent rise in the frequency of chest conditions. Although current levels of pollution are apparently tolerable, unusual weather variations may result in a disquieting situation with ultimately increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Limit levels of pollutant concentration have to be respected since air quality standards adequately protect against adverse health effects, at least in high risk populations.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Gastroesophageal reflux and nocturnal broncho-aspiration in chronic bronchopathies].

Although the relationship between chronic bronchopathies and gastro-esophageal reflux is known, the existence and role of nocturnal broncho-aspiration is controversial. 32 patients with chronic bronchopathy and 13 controls without digestive or respiratory symptoms were studied. Nocturnal broncho-aspiration was diagnosed by the demonstration of vegetable fibers in the morning expectorate and by the presence of radioactive pulmonary foci 15 hours following an isotopic meal. Vegetable fibers were found with equal frequency in both groups. On the other hand, positive pulmonary scintigraphy, reflecting nocturnal broncho-aspiration, was observed in 24 of the 32 patients (75%) and only in 2 of the 13 controls (15%) (p less than 0.001). Thus, broncho-aspiration is a frequent occurrence in chronic bronchopathies.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Immunology of sarcoidosis].

The sarcoid granulomas and the preceding mononuclear infiltration are composed of immunologically activated cells. Hyperactivity of circulating B cells and the frequent impairment of cell-mediated hypersensitivity could be due to an imbalance between T cell sub-populations. Kveim-Siltzbach test positivity and demonstration of circulating antibodies specifically directed against a sarcoid spleen extract suggest that this extract could have antigenic properties. Cell populations yielded by broncho-alveolar lavage in patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis or with respiratory sarcoidosis are closely related. It is conceivable that sarcoidosis could result from some inhaled agent(s) which induce a self-perpetuating immunologic response of indeterminate duration. The relevance of immunological studies on sarcoidosis for medical practice is summarized.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1979

[Retrospective study of 50 cases of idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis with catamnesis].

44 out of 50 patients with idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis were followed up from 1 month to 11 years (mean 2 years 9 months). One patient out of 13 (8%) with 4 symptoms or fewer (mean follow-up 55 months) died. 23 out of 31 (74%) with 5 symptoms or more (mean follow-up 24.3 months) died, and 68% of fatalities occurred within 2 years. Lung function tests were performed in 47 cases and histological diagnosis in 38. Correlations between symptoms, lung function, and roentgenological and histological patterns are discussed. Two circumstances dramatically increased lethality: occurrence of 5 symptoms or more in a period of less than 2 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Correlations between hemodynamic measures and respiratory functions in patients with chronic obstructive lung syndromes].

Fourteen patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease underwent right catheterization with a Swan-Ganz catheter to correlate lung function with hemodynamic features at rest and on exercise. There appears to be a good correlation between some pulmonary function tests (FEV1, RV/TLC, PaO2 at rest and on exercise) and mean pulmonary artery pressure at rest and on exercise in these patients.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical and radiological diagnosis of chronic obstructive lung syndromes].

The clinical signs produced by the respiratory movements reveal the main patho-physiological types in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. Roentgenological signs do not correlate with the severity of ventilatory disorders and pre-capillary hypertension. Conversely the roentgenological signs of the post-capillalry hypertension are precocious and reliable.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Fatal outcome of emphysema without increased bronchial resistance and 6 cases of chronic dyspneic hypoxemic bronchial disease with normal spirometry].

The cases of seven patients with dyspnea, hypoxemia and normal ventilatory tests are presented. Closing volume was measured in 6 and was increased. Two were heavy smokers, 2 were obese, and 2 were exposed to inhalation of industrial irritants. The last patient had severe dyspnea and pronounced hypoxemia which eventually resulted in pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure. Lung scan was normal. Plethysmography showed normal bronchial resistance. Autopsy revealed chronic bronchitis, bronchiolectasis and emphysema. This case was interpreted as an example of fatal outcome of small airway disease.

Adult↗