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Biomedical subjects

G F Johnson

Publications and source records attributed to G F Johnson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Analysis of familial factors in bipolar affective illness.

Familial transmission of affective illness was studied using a family interview and family history method in a group of 35 bipolar manic-depressive patients. Morbidity risk for bipolar and unipolar affective illness in first-degree relatives is approximately 30% in this population. Probands with a positive family history for bipolar illness have a significantly greater risk for alcoholism in first-degree relatives. Four cases of father-to-son transmission are reported. Linkage of color vision deficiency or Xga blood group and affective illness within families could not be substantiated in our sample. We discuss evidence regarding the mode of transmission of affective illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Mesodiverticular band.

The mesodiverticular band is an embryologic remnant of the vitelline circulation which carries the arterial supply to the Meckel's diverticulum. In the event of an error of involution, a patent or nonpatent arterial band persists and extends from the mesentery to the apex of the antimesenteric diverticulum. This creates a snare-like opening through which bowel loops may herinate and become obstruced. Clinical and radiological findings of acute, low, small-bowel obstruction are produced by this band.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Canine Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

The unusual finding of peptic esophagitis and duodenal ulceration in a dog was associated with a malignant pancreatic islet cell tumor producing gastrin and ACTH. The finding of a gastrinoma in a non-human species introduces the potential for developing an animal model for the study of the protean genetic biochemical, physiologic and metabolic aspects of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1977

A semi-automated fluorometric method for total estrogens in pregnancy urine.

We report a continuous-flow fluorometric method for total urinary estrogens that involves the Kober reaction, with extraction of the reaction product into dichloroethane containing trichloroacetic acid as described by Hahnel and Jones [Clin. Chim. Acta 16, 185 (1967)]. The dichloroethane extraction gives greater stability to the Kober color and sharper separation of aqueous and organic phases. The analytical system is adjusted to give maximum response to estriol 16alpha,beta-D-glucuronide, the principal estrogen conjugate in urine from late pregnancy, when calibrated with estriol standards. An initial 20-fold dilution of the sample with water increased analytical recovery of estriol conjugates from urine while maintaining adequate fluorescent response. Glucose interference was reduced by dilution and eliminated by treatment with sodium borohydride. Urinary protein up to 20 g/liter did not interfere. Total estriol, as determined by gas-liquid chromatography, comprises about 70% of total urinary estrogens in late pregnancy as measured by our continuous-flow fluorometric method. A reference range is presented based on 209 randomly collected urine specimens in which total urinary estrogens are expressed as a ratio to creatinine.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1977

Onset of illness in bipolar manic-depressives and their affectively ill first-degree relatives.

Some suggestive data regarding age of onset and the relationship of stress to onset in a group of bipolar manic-depressive patients and their first-degree relatives are presented. Possible explanations of the interesting correlation in age of onset among family members are discussed. Because of a small sample size, the clinical significance of the findings are uncertain, but are presented because of their potential interest to those investigating genetic components of affective illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Quantitative gas-chromatographic flame-ionization method for chloramphenicol in human serum.

We describe a flame-ionization gas-chromatographic procedure for determination of the potentially toxic antibiotic, chloramphenical, in serum. The serum (500 mul) is extracted into ethyl acetate and nonpolar impurities are subsequently partitioned into hexane. The drug is chromatographed as its bis-trimethylsilyl derivative, with the analog thiamphenicol as the internal standard. Within-run precision (CV) is 4.4% at a serum concentration of 41 mg/liter and 9.2% at a concentration of 5 mg/liter. Over a six-month period, the run-to-run variation was 5.1% at 40 mg/liter (n = 24). Results by the gas-chromatographic method compared well with those by an established colorimetric procedure; mean concentrations for the comparison samples in the two procedures were 18.4 mg/liter and 17.6 mg/liter, respectively (n = 27), with a coefficient of correlation of 0.998. The gas-chromatographic method is more precise and specific than classical microbiological procedures and is suitable for routine therapeutic monitoring of serum chloramphenicol concentrations.

Chloramphenicol↗
PubMed1977

Micro-scale anticonvulsant assay with use of nitrogen/phosphorus detector and on-column methylation compared with a macro-scale procedure involving flame-ionization detection.

We report a modified micro-scale gas-chromatographic procedure for determining phenobarbital, primidone, and diphenylhydantoin in serum with use of a nitrogen/phosphorus detector. Serum, 20 mul, is extracted into chloroform, the solvent is evaporated, and the residue dissolved in dilute (32 mmol/liter) trimethylanillinium hydroxide, which yields the methyl-derivatives of the drugs upon on-column injection. Within-run precision (CV) for the three drugs was 1.0, 2.1, and 1.4+, respectively, at concentrations of 19.2, 13.2, and 18.9 mg/liter; run-to-run precision at these concentrations was 4.4, 3.8, and 2.8%. Comparison of the 20-mul micro-scale procedure (y) with our conventional, flame-ionization macro-scale procedure (x), in which on-column methylation is used and which requires 1 ml of serum, gave the following respective results: y = 1.01 X -- 0.16 mg/liter, r = 0.992, y = 1.02 X + 0.29 mg/liter, r = 0.973; and y = 0.96x + 0.04 mg/liter, r = 0.996.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1976

Feline intestinal adenocarcinoma. A clinicopathologic study of 22 cases.

Twenty-two cases of intestinal adenocarcinoma were diagnosed in an 11-year survey of 3145 feline necropsies. Histologically, tumors were grouped into four classes: (1) carcinoma with solid groups of cells, (2) adenocarcinoma with solid and acinar cells, (3) papillary adenocarcinoma, and (4) mucinous adenocarcinoma. Tumors were commonest in the ileum. Connective tissue, as well as epithelial metaplasia, were associated more often in this group of intestinal adenocarcinomas nomas than seen before. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of muscular layers of the unaffected sections of intestines were seen in most of the small bowel and in half of the large bowel carcinomas in this series.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Lithium neurotoxicity.

One of the most alarming and potentially serious complications of Lithium Carbonate therapy is the emergence of central nervous system toxicity. This paper discusses the clinical changes that may occur with illustrative case histories. The role that such factors as serum Lithium levels, sodium balance, organic brain damage, clinical typology, concurrent physical illness and drug interaction play in the genesis of this disorder is discussed. Permanent neurological damage following Lithium poisoning is discussed and guidelines for appropriate use and monitoring of Lithium in psychiatric disorders is outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Kinetic determination of serum haptoblobin with a centrifugal analyzer.

We describe a method for determining haptoglobin with a centrifugal analyzer that is based on haptoglobin combining stoichiometrically with hemoglobin to form a complex that has peroxidase-like activity proportional to the quantity of haptoglobin present. Under assay conditions, unbound hemoglobin exhibits only a small fraction of the total peroxidase activity. Activity is measured colorimetrically at 405 nm after reaction with o-dianisdine and ethyl hydrogen peroxide. The procedure is standardized by saturating aknown amount of hemoglobin with a serum whose hemoglobin binding capacity exceeds the amount of hemoglobin in the assay system. The mean and mean within-run precision of our method, determined by performing 17 replicate assays of both a pooled normal serum and a 10-fold dilution of the serum, was 1.13 g/liter (CV, 2.9%), and 106 mg/liter (cv, 5.8%), respectively. The 95 percentile estimate of the normal range by our method is 0.45-1.85 g/liter hemoglobin binding capacity. When results by our automated method were compared to those by a manual method [Scand. J. Clin. Lab. 2nvest. 18, 80 (1965)], the slope of the unweighted linear least-squares regression line was .970 the y-intercept 26 mg/liter, and the correlation coefficient .995.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1976

Gas-chromatographic micro-scale procedure for theophylline, with use of a nitrogen-sensitive detector.

We report a micro-scale procedure for determination of theophylline by use of gas chromatography with nitrogen-sensitive detection. The procedure requires only 10 mul of serum, plasma, or saliva. This sample size makes the determination especially appropriate for monitoring in a pediatric population. With the sample volume used, background interference is equivalent to about 0.1 mg/liter and 0.5 mg of theophylline per liter can easily be measured. The new method correlates well with our earlier flame ionization gas-chromatographic procedure that required 1 ml of sample [Clin. Chem. 21, 1038 (1975)]. The selectiviey of the nitrogen detector allows a simplified extraction procedure. Between-run precision (CV) is 2.8% at a theophylline concentration of 14.8 mg/liter.

Caffeine↗