Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Enders

Publications and source records attributed to G Enders.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Investigations on immunity against poliomyelitis (author's transl)].

Six virus laboratories from various parts of the German Federal Republic and West Berlin undertook investigations into polio-myelitis immunity in 1972. A total of 267 persons aged up to 20 years were investigated for neutralizing antibodies against the three types of polio virus. The study showed that from the fourth year of life approximately 70% of the persons investigated had antibodies against all three types of polio virus. In some younger children the equivalent values were considerably lower. After the fourth year of life there were only slight differences in the humoral immunity against the three polio virus types. There was no evidence that the immunity level had deteriorated up to the 20th year of life and thus there is no indication of the necessity for a repeat immunisation at a certain time. The investigation confirmed that three oral administrations of trivalent vaccine, as are now generally recommended as basic immunization in the German Federal Republic, result in a conversion rate of over 90% against each of the three virus types.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rubella IgG total antibody avidity and IgG subclass-specific antibody avidity assay and their role in the differentiation between primary rubella and rubella reinfection.

The total rubella IgG antibody avidity ELISA, as described by Hedmann for differentiation between acute primary rubella and reinfection, persisting or non-specific IgM antibodies were evaluated in 212 sera of four categories of patients with known history (n = 149) and in one group (n = 39) of patients with a history of unclear nature. The development of the IgG ratio (avidity) from low (less than 30%) to higher levels (greater than 30%) was determined in 146 sera from 96 cases with acute primary rubella between days 1 to 256 after onset of exanthem, with a borderline between low (less than 30%) and high (greater than 30%) avidity after four weeks after onset of exanthem. From seven days to 14 years following vaccination, the IgG ratio increased more slowly following vaccination, with a useful borderline at 2 1/2 months. In 80 sera from 13 women with reinfection during pregnancy, six infants with rubella embryopathy, and 19 pregnant women with rubella IgM antibodies detected during antenatal screening, the total IgG ratio ranged between 48% and 100%, indicating a previous infection. The diagnostic value of the IgG subclass-specific antibody avidity assay was investigated in 40 of the 251 sera. The results confirmed those of the total IgG avidity assay. Both tests are of additional help for differentiating serologically primary rubella from reinfection or recent from previous vaccination.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rubella embryopathy after previous maternal rubella vaccination.

This report concerns a boy with congenital rubella infection and features of the classical and expanded rubella syndrome who was born to a mother who had been successfully vaccinated with Cendehill vaccine seven years previously. The diagnosis of rubella embryopathy was confirmed by demonstrating rubella-specific serum IgM antibodies using four different methods, by the persistence of rubella HAI and IgG antibodies in serum taken between three and eight months of age and by the isolation of rubella virus from throat secretion, urine and blood mononuclear cells. The child died at eight-and-a-half months of age. This case is discussed in relation to the persistence of vaccine-induced immunity with particular respect to the protective quality of low levels of antibodies against intrauterine infection in the event of re-infection during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) detection in urine by tissue culture virus isolation, early antigen immunofluorescence test and nucleic acid hybridization.

The sensitivity and specificity of the early antigen immunofluorescence test and of the hybridization assay were compared with those of the development of a cytopathic effect on HF MA 23 cell monolayers in tissue culture. Of 818 clinical specimens tested, 125 specimens produced CMV cytopathic effect in tissue culture within four weeks after inoculation. Of the 125 specimens, 71 were positive for CMV after 36 h by early antigen immunofluorescence test (sensitivity 56.8%). Of the remaining 693 culture-negative specimens, seven were positive by early antigen immunofluorescence test (specificity, 99%). A hybridization assay using a commercial kit with the biotinylated Bam H I AB DNA fragment of HCMV Towne strain and horseradish peroxidase streptavidin conjugate, detected 60 pg of HCMV DNA. In this assay 104 urine specimens were tested. Compared with tissue culture, this hybridization assay had a sensitivity of 69.5%, a specificity of 60.3% and a correlation of 63.4%, at which 25 of 33 tissue culture positive samples had positive hybridization results, and 27 of 68 tissue culture negative samples also gave positive hybridization results. An additional hybridization assay, using the biotinylated Hind III L fragment of HCMV AD 169 and 125J streptavidin conjugate, detected 30 pg HCMV DNA. In 179 urine specimens simultaneously tested by tissue culture, 28 of 33 positive tissue culture specimens were positive in the hybridization assay. 37 of 146 negative tissue culture specimens gave positive hybridization signals (sensitivity 84.8%, specificity 74.7%, correlation 76.5%).

Culture Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of antibodies to human herpesvirus 6 in different age groups, in children with exanthema subitum, other acute exanthematous childhood diseases, Kawasaki syndrome, and acute infections with other herpesviruses and HIV.

We determined IgG antibodies against Human Herpesvirus-6 (strain Uganda 1102, M. D. Griffin, London) in the indirect immunofluorescence test in sera from 1105 persons of various age groups. Of these sera 570 were retested using HHV-6 strain St. W. (Prof. Schneweis, Bonn). We could confirm that maternal antibodies decrease between birth and six months of age and the seropositive rate rises rapidly between seven months and five years of age up to 79.5%. Between six and ten years and up to 40 years, the antibody-positive rate lies around 81.3% and 66%, respectively. To confirm the causal nature of human herpes virus type 6 (HHV-6) for exanthema subitum we could demonstrate eight seroconversions testing sera from 14 patients with roseola infantum. In addition, the virus was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes of children during the acute fever phase in four cases in tissue culture and in six cases the virus was detected by positive hybridization. In single and some paired sera from patients with acute exanthematous diseases, rubella (n = 28), parvovirus B 19 (n = 24), measles (n = 17), mumps (n = 27), adenovirus (n = 27) and parinfluenza virus type 3 (n = 28) and in sera from patients with Kawasaki syndrome (n = 20), acute varicella-zoster- (n = 27), acute herpes simplex- (n = 18) and HIV-1 infection (n = 50), we found no HHV-6 IgM antibodies and no HHV-6 IgG antibody rises. We could only demonstrate an HHV-6 seropositive rate according to our age-prevalence study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prenatal diagnosis of intrauterine rubella.

The results of prenatal diagnosis of fetal rubella infection by specific IgM antibody detection in fetal infection by specific IgM antibody detection in fetal blood obtained in the 21st to 23rd weeks of pregnancy of women with different types of rubella problems during pregnancy (categorised in four groups) showed that in 28 of 31 cases the diagnosis apparently assisted in the correct management of the pregnancy. However, in two cases with negative IgM findings in the fetal blood, children with rubella embryopathy were born, and in one case with positive IgM antibody findings, the child was infected but healthy. From this experience we recommend that in all cases of symptomatic rubella infection in the first 12 weeks, termination of pregnancy should be considered without prenatal diagnosis. Prenatal diagnosis, if considered at all, should be limited to "symptomless" acute rubella infection and reinfection in the first 12 weeks and to symptomatic rubella infection in the 12th to 17th weeks of pregnancy.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital rubella syndrome after maternal reinfection.

This report concerns a case of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) with atypical immune response affecting an infant whose mother had repeated evidence of immunity before pregnancy. Laboratory diagnosis of CRS could only clearly be achieved by virus isolation after the second month of life despite typical clinical features of CRS and multiple organ involvement. After the first month of age, low concentrations of specific IgM antibodies were revealed by ELISA and confirmed by a reference test system (IgM-specific haemagglutination inhibition assay). Persistent and increasing high levels of IgM antibodies were detected only after the 6th month of life. Later on IgG antibody levels decreased. Immunological investigations showed an IgG1-hypoglobulinaemia. The unusual feature of the present case report is not only the failure of the maternal rubella immunity to prevent CRS, but the defect of the child's immune system, probably attributable to congenital infection. As a consequence, laboratory diagnosis of CRS could not be achieved initially by the proved serological methods.

Adult↗