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Biomedical subjects

G Egger

Publications and source records attributed to G Egger.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Neutrophil aggregation during migration in vivo.

Stacks of six membrane filters (8-mu pore size) were placed over the mouths of plastic tubes. The tubes were filled with casein (test) or NaCl (control) solution and implanted subcutaneously in white rats; each animal received one tube with casein and one control tube. After 12, 18, 24, and 36 h, the tubes were removed and the filters stained and examined microscopically. Immigrant neutrophils were found either individually or in spherical aggregations within the filter meshwork. Crucial factors in the formation of aggregates included the frequency of individual cells, the chemotactic milieu (casein or NaCl), the duration of exposure, and the location within the filter stacks. The size of the aggregates depended on the duration of exposure. The phenomenon of "neutrophil aggregation" is thought to participate in the formation of the granulocyte wall around a focus of inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Changes in blood catecholamines, insulin, corticosterone and glucose during the course of the Sephadex inflammation.

During an acute inflammation, the blood levels of noradrenaline, dopamine and insulin increase uniformly until the fourth day, then reach a climax which for dopamine is above the norm, while the suppressed levels of noradrenaline and insulin approach the norm. All values decrease on the fifth day (end of the experiment). Glucose behaves inversely, showing a minimum on the fourth day. Corticosterone displays two peaks, on the first and fourth days. The adrenaline level differs distinctly from these patterns: it is elevated on the second, fourth and fifth days. By releasing each catecholamine independently, the organism can possibly influence the course of the inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Modifications in the regression of the acute inflammation caused by a beta-adrenergic effect unbalanced by the alpha-component ("biased beta-effect").

A biased beta-adrenergic effect was produced either by blocking the alpha-adrenergic component of endogenous catecholamines using phentolamine or by application of isoproterenol. Both experimental conditions led to a prolongation of the lymphocyte phase of the inflammatory process. A beta-bias also curbed the activity of a substance (or substances) inhibiting the ingress of lymphocytes into the site of inflammation (subcutaneously injected Sephadex) around the fourth and fifth day after the onset of inflammation. This lack in activity is evidently connected with the prolonged lymphocyte phase.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

In vivo demonstration of endogenous substances regulating the regression of the acute inflammation.

Subcutaneous injection of Sephadex G 200 causes an acute inflammation in rats. Its course was estimated by the types and numbers of white cells which immigrated into the Sephadex implants during a period of 5 days. Adrenaline (ADR) as well as Isoproterenol (ISO) each alter the cell immigration in a characteristic pattern. Sephadex which has already induced inflammation in an animal causes a mitigated inflammatory process when transplanted to another animal. Sephadex originating from donor animals influenced by ADR or ISO causes different reactions. A comparison of the results of the original inflammatory response and of the transplantation experiments demonstrates that several distinct substances with apparently specific functions must participate in the regression of the acute inflammation. The process by which the acute inflammation subsides is controlled by the organism's endogenous antiinflammatory substances.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Adrenal depletion during hypoglycemia without participation of the Golgi apparatus.

Adrenal depletion in rats due to hypoglycemia was effected by prolonged administration of adrenaline, without artificial increase in insulin levels. In spite of significantly enhanced catecholamine turnover in this stadium Golgi complexes - which are usually reported to develop hypertrophy during adrenal depletion using insulin induced hypoglycaemia - could never be observed. This leads to the conclusions, that firstly the presence of hypertrophic Golgi complexes is not necessarily linked with increased catecholamine turnover and secondly that permanent adrenalin application suppresses and insulin application promotes the formation of Golgi systems. Moreover, our electromicrographs do strongly suggest, that catecholamine turnover is linked with the rough endoplasmatic reticulum.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1981

Consequences of legislative restriction on the sale of compound analgesics in Newcastle (N.S.W., Australia).

In June 1979 legislation was enacted in New South Wales to restrict the sale of compound analgesics. The consequences of this legislation were assessed by a household survey in Newcastle, New South Wales, during November 1979. This survey followed an identical survey in the same community in November 1977. After legislation, a marked decrease was found in the proportion of homes having compound analgesics. A small decrease in total analgesic usage was also observed, though this was not necessarily related to the legislative restrictions. The legislative restrictions did not result in any substantial increase in use of the doctor to obtain prescriptions for compound analgesics, or any substantial increase in reported health problems. The results suggest that legislation is an effective method of inducing rapid change in health-related behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A noninvasive membrane filter method for in vivo determination of leukocyte migration in man.

A new in vivo method for measuring leukocyte migration in man involves the insertion of "platelets" prepared from membrane filters into the lower conjunctival sac. The "platelets" contain casein and are coated unilaterally with a foil, permitting the casein to diffuse in one direction only. A chemotactic gradient is thereby formed, in which neutrophil granulocytes originating from the conjunctival mucosa migrate. The total amount of immigrant cells, as well as their distribution within the filter "platelets" are evaluated. The method yields information as to the speed of migration of the cells and the intensity of egress from the vessels. A few cases of diseases are demonstrated where the total amount of cells and their distribution patterns differ from the standard values.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The influence of a permanent isoproterenol (ISO) application on the dynamics of the Sephadex inflammation.

The influence of Isoproterenol on the number of the different types of white blood cells appearing during the course of the Sephadex inflammation was investigated in rats. Isoproterenol treatment causes a decrease of the number of the immigrating neutrophils within the first two days and an increase of the lymphocytes during almost the entire experiment. A sudden decrease of the number of these cell types, indicating a massive cell destruction, was followed by immigration of eosinophilic granulocytes after 24 hrs. Isoproterenol accelerated and augmented this immigration. We conclude, that perishing neutrophils and lymphocytes produce or mediate the production of factors which attract eosinophils and moreover that Isoproterenol enhances the production or the effect of these factors. The mechanism underlying this enhancement is not known. We suppose a specific beta-adrenergic influence, because we could not reproduce this increasing effect with adrenaline.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Inhibition of adrenalin depletion in hypoglycaemic rats following permanent adrenalin application by depot capsule.

Chronic treatment of rats with adrenalin by means of a subcutaneous depot capsule (cont. 40 mg dry adrenalin/HCl, Merck, ca. 10 mg ascorbic acid and ca. 0.4 ml 0.9% NaCl, and sealed with a dialysis membrane to provide constant adrenalin output) leads after a primary hyperglycaemic phase to hypoglycaemia. At the onset of hypoglycaemia the adrenalin contents of the suprarenal glands decrease to levels of about one third of their normal state. Simultaneous glucose infusions by intraperitoneal depot capsules prevent hypoglycaemia as well as adrenalin depletion. The fact that adrenalin depletion does not always correspond with blood sugar levels below 80 mg/dl and that this depletion could be prevented by glucose infusions altogether seems to provide a strong hint that the mentioned depletion is due to hypersecretion and not to the blocking of adrenalin synthesis. If is true, then there must be no direct negative feed-back system between adrenalin secretion and its extraglandular level.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1979

Antiinflammatory substances appearing during an acute inflammation and the alteration of their properties by isoproterenol (ISO). An in vivo investigation in rats.

It could be demonstrated that antiinflammatory substances appear during the course of an acute inflammation. The inhibition of leucocyte immigration into the site of inflammation (caused by Sephadex) was taken as criterion for the antiinflammatory property. The highest quantity or effect of the antiinflammatory substances was found on the 3rd day after inflammation has started. Not only the absolute number of cells but also the composition of the cellular exudate (compared with a fresh inflammation) was changed: The percentage rate of the neutrophils was reduced, whereas the portion of the eosinophils and the lymphocytes was increased. A permanent ISO application on the animals altered the quantity of the composition of these substances, in consequence of which the immigration of eosinophils and lymphocytes was promoted. The reaction of the neutrophils was unaffected.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Evidence for adrenalin secretion regardless of high extraglandular levels.

Chronic adrenalin administration (4 mg/18 hrs) by means of a subcutaneous depot capsule leads to hypoglycaemia and adrenalin depletion of the suprarenal gland within 18 hrs. Stimultaneous application of glucose prevents hypoglycemia as well as adrenalin depletion. By injection of 3H-labelled tyrosine 10, 20 or 30 min before killing and subsequent detection of the quantity of labelled tyrosine and adrenalin in the sera by mixing them with a standard solution containing considerable amounts of unlabelled tyrosine and adrenalin, and by passing them through a Sephadex G-10 column and finally detecting the radioactivity of the fractions in a liquid scintillation-counter, we could prove that during the stage of hypoglycaemia an enhanced adrenalin synthesis and secretion did take place regardless of a high extraglandular level. In animals treated with adrenalin and glucose, NaCl solution or alpha-methyl-tyrosine methylester-HCl no increased resp. no turnover at all could be seen. Therefore, we conclude that there is not only a lack of a direct negative feedback system between adrenalin synthesis, secretion and extraglandular level but also that the enhanced synthesis of adrenalin that can take place in spite of a high serum level can initiate a fatel circulus vitiosus.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1979

Prevalence of compound analgesic in Newcastle (NSW).

A household survey of analgesic use was carried out in two areas of different social advantage in Newcastle, New South Wales, during November 1977. The survey was preliminary to evaluating the proposed rescheduling of compound analgesics in the region. Approximately 16.5 per cent of the over 18-year-olds in the population claimed to use compound analgesics from time to time, and over 90 per cent used analgesics of some kind. Analgesic patterns varied between the two areas studied; of women living in the socially disadvantaged areas, about five per cent used compound analgesics daily. Rescheduling of compound analgesics may initially increase the workload of general practitioners, as up to one third of women who regularly use analgesics seek alternatives. A programme of public education and support is needed to assist compound analgesic users when rescheduling occurs.

Adolescent↗