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Biomedical subjects

G E Moore

Publications and source records attributed to G E Moore.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Failure of splenic implants to protect against fatal postsplenectomy infection.

Overwhelming postsplenectomy infection is not a phenomenon confined to children. In all age groups, splenic trauma that requires surgery should be managed by splenorrhaphy if possible. Autoimplantation of splenic fragments into omental pockets has been performed in the few patients we have seen who required splenectomy. A case has been presented in which these small implants failed to protect a 61 year old woman from the development of fatal pneumococcal sepsis. The patient had received a pneumococcal vaccination, and her implants had shown activity on radionuclide scanning. Concerns about critical splenic mass, blood supply to the implant, and hepatic function require further study before this technique can be considered efficacious.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Alternatives to splenectomy in adults after trauma. Repair, partial resection, and reimplantation of splenic tissue.

Splenectomy results in a lifelong risk of overwhelming infection in the adult as well as the child. This has prompted our current enthusiasm for splenic salvage in trauma patients. A number of alternatives to total splenectomy exist; however, the complications that result from splenic salvage must not exceed the risk incurred by loss of this organ. Splenorraphy can be performed safely in the majority of patients despite associated intraabdominal injuries. When splenectomy is necessary, reimplantation of splenic tissue is feasible. The efficacy of this technique is preventing postsplenectomy sepsis remains to be established.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Multiple cell lines from patients with malignant melanoma: morphology, karyology, and biochemical analysis.

Of 23 cell lines representing 8 patients with malignant melanoma, one cell line from each patient has been extensively characterized by means of phase morphology, ultrastructural morphology, biochemical markers, steroid receptor protein analysis, and steroid hormone production. Extensive cytogenetic characterization was compiled from seven of the eight cell lines. The melanocytic derivation of the tumor cell lines was supported by the detection of the catecholamines epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. In addition, well-defined melanosomes were present in six of the seven lines whose ultrastructure were examined morphologically. None of the lines produced alpha-fetoprotein chorionic gonadotropin, or carcinoembryonic antigen in detectable amounts. The individuality of the cell lines was confirmed by phenotypic patterns of isozymes and by karyology.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Presence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors in established human cancer cell lines in culture.

Receptors for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] have been described in several human breast cancer cell lines and more recently in human melanoma. The presence of 1,25-(OH)2D3 receptor (1,25-DR) in two cultured breast cancer cell lines was associated with receptors for calcitonin, another hormone thought to have effects on calcium handling. Therefore, it seemed important to examine a range of established human cancer cell lines for the presence of receptors for 1,25-(OH)2D3 and calcitonin. Thirty-three cancer cell lines were examined. 1,25-DR was found to be present in 23 lines, while calcitonin receptors were not detected in any of them. The 1,25-DR from several cell lines sedimented at about 3.5S in sucrose density gradients, had the appropriate specificity for vitamin D metabolites, had Kds of 0.8 to 2.2 x 10(-11) M, and had receptor concentrations of 12 to 99 fmol/mg protein. Ten malignant melanoma and nine colonic carcinoma lines constituted the largest groups of carcinoma cell lines, and seven and eight, respectively, of these were 1,25-DR positive. The high frequency of 1,25-DR positivity in the cultured colonic carcinoma cells is quite different from the low frequency of 1,25-DR in primary colonic carcinomas. It was also interesting that both of two cell lines derived from patients who had had both bone metastases and malignant hypercalcemia were 1,25-DR positive. These various cell lines may provide useful models for the examination of 1,25-(OH)2D3 action in vitro.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1981

Advanced ovarian carcinoma: response to antiestrogen therapy.

Three patients with Stage III serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary were successfully treated with estrogen antagonist therapy after failure of cytotoxic chemotherapy. All had histologic confirmation of progressive or persistent disease. High titers of estrogen receptor protein (ERP) and progesterone receptor protein (PRP) were detected in one patient prior to tamoxifen therapy. One patient had a complete remission lasting for 18 months. The other patients had partial responses and were able to return to normal activities. Simultaneous or prior sequential cytotoxic chemotherapy did not negate the effectiveness of the estrogen antagonists.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Characteristics of membrane and cytosol forms of the mammary tumor glycoprotein molecule MTGP in human breast carcinoma cell cultures and tumors.

The presence, concentration and selected molecular characteristics of the human mammary carcinoma glycoprotein molecule set MTGP, a trace and apparently tumor-specific molecule, were examined in fifteen cell cultures established from mammary carcinomas, tissue from seven mammary carcinomas and control cultures. Both cytosol and membrane-associated forms of MTGP were analyzed, and each was phenotyped by reference to isoelectric point and buoyant density. All cells or tissues of mammary carcinoma origin contained membrane MTGP, whereas cytosol MTGP was undetectable in cell cultures from half of the mammary carcinomas. Neither membrane nor cytosol MTGP were detectable in cells other than mammary carcinomas. Cytosol MTGP could be assigned to three groups by reference to presence, isoelectric point and buoyant density. Membrane MTGP also exhibited heterogeneity between different tumors and could be assigned to three groups by isoelectric point and buoyant density. Each form of MTGP was homogeneous for a given single tumor or cell culture and retained its phenotypic features with passage and cloning. Four general types of MTGP are proposed, through there may be additional fine heterogeneity that cannot be further resolved at this time. These data provide an initial characterization of the membrane form of MTGP and an integrated characterization that is consistent with the concept that tumor-specific antigens may possess both constant regions by reference to antigens recognized by the antisera and variable structure by reference to physicochemical characteristics.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1981

A human gallbladder adenocarcinoma cell line.

A continuous cell line, COLO 346, was established from a liver metastasis in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. COLO 346 grew as an adherent monolayer of pleomorphic epithelioid cells. COLO 346 cells produced esterone, but no estradiol, progesterone, or cortisol. No adrenocorticotropic hormones, beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, carcinoembryonic antigen, or alpha-fetoprotein production by the cells was detected. Cell doubling time was 36 h. Seven allelic isozymes were assayed. COLO 346 had a chromosome mode of 74 at 21 months postestablishment with 6 marker chromosomes present in 100% of the cells analyzed. COLO 346 has been in continuous culture for over 2 yr and is available to other investigators for their studies.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Interferon.

The interferons form a complex group of glycoproteins which have virucidal action, inhibitory effect on cell growth and under some circumstances stimulatory action upon lymphoid cells. Transient inhibition of tumor cell growth has been observed but no cures have been reported. There is a need for studies with different classes of interferon, purified interferon and interferon with organ specific activity. Pathologic studies, including electron microscopy of cancers under treatment, would be desirable. The expectation of clinically significant general therapeutic effects of interferon on all kinds of malignant diseases seems unreasonable. However, the universality of interferon production by many kinds of mammalian cells of many species supports the thesis that it has critical biologic functions and, therefore, should be studied even if its therapeutic effect on malignant diseases is impractical.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Human cell line (COLO 357) of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

A continuous human cell line, COLO 357, with exceptional characteristics was derived from a metastasis of a pancreatic adenocarcinoma. COLO 357 grew as an adhering monolayer with a cell doubling time of 21 h and grew with 10% clonal efficiency in soft agar. COLO 357 cells had numerous lamellar inclusions. The cells elaborated the pancreatic enzymes trypsin, elastase and chymotrypsin. COLO 357 also secreted appreciable amounts of carcinoembryonic antigen and human chorionic gonadotropin. COLO 357 had a chromosome mode of 53 with 20 identifiable Giemsa-banded marker chromosomes. Nine nucleolar organizing regions were found by silver-stained metaphase preparations. COLO 357 has been "fingerprinted" for seven allelic isozymes. This cell line has been maintained in active culture for over 2 years, is preserved in a cell bank, and is available to other investigators.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Characterization of cell lines from four undifferentiated human malignancies.

Tumor tissue from 4 patients with undifferentiated malignancy was studied by means of electron microscopy and cell culture. The cell lines were characterized for morphologic and ultramorphologic appearance, chromosome constitution, and cell products. Cell types established in culture were compared to histologic diagnosis of the original tumor. In only 1 case originally diagnosed as malignant melanoma were cell cultures and ultrastructure consistent with that diagnosis. Two cases in which cell cultures and ultramorphologic appearance were consistent with melanoma were originally diagnosed as carcinoma and sarcoma. The tumor of the fourth patient, diagnosed as melanoma, had no features in the cell cultures and electron micrographs consistent with melanoma. The reliability of using the presence or absence of melanosomes alone as an absolute diagnostic criterion is doubtful.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A human liposarcoma cell line producing hyaluronic acid.

A human liposarcoma cell line COLO 222, derived from a primary tumor in a 62-year-old male, elaborates hyaluronic acid. COLO 222 is characterized on the basis of histochemical, ultramorphological, and cytogenetic properties, along with isozyme phenotype and cell products. A chromosome mode of 53 predominates and unique Giemsa-banded marker chromosomes are identified. An autochthonous lymphoid cell line, COLO 143v, was established after the addition of exogenous Epstein-Barr virus. Cytogenetic analysis of Colo 143v is consistent with a normal male karyotype. COLO 143v possesses B-cell characteristics. This autochthonous system had been used for immunological studies and cytotoxicity assays.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1980

Estrogen receptor proteins in diverse human tumors.

One hundred three diverse benign and malignant human tissues have been assayed for estrogen receptor proteins. Receptors were detected in many endocrine and nonendocrine tumors. Tissues with estrogen receptor activity included four of five male breast carcinomas, 11 of 14 malignant melanomas, four of eight colon carcinomas, five of seven renal carcinomas, and various sarcomas and benign and normal tissues. Some tumors also had progesterone, androgen, and/or glucocorticoid receptors. These results suggest the use of hormones and hormone antagonists for therapy of a broad range of human cancer. Clinicians of diverse expertise should be aware of, and responsive to, potential endocrinological involvement in many dissimilar disease states.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The induction of human peripheral blood lymphoid colonies by conditioned media from human tumour cell lines.

Conditioned medium (CM) from 29 human tumour cell lines and 3 malignant pleural fluids were tested for their ability to stimulate lymphoid colony formation in semi-solid agar; 9 of 14 malignant melanomas, 3 of 6 colonic carcinomas, 2 of 5 ovarian carcinomas, 3 of 4 breast carcinomas and 1 of 3 pleural fluids from breast cancer patients contained colony-stimulating activity (CSA) for human peripheral blood lymphoid cells (PBL) in semi-solid agar. Conditioned media also stimulated PBL proliferation in liquid medium; these effects were dose dependent. With the exception of one pleural fluid, extensive dialysis of CM did not significantly increase colony formation; CM from two tumour cell lines demonstrated a significant decrease in the induction of colony formation after dialysis.

B-Lymphocytes↗