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Biomedical subjects

G Dev

Publications and source records attributed to G Dev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

The use of immunomodulators as an adjunct to antituberculous chemotherapy in non-responsive patients with osteo-articular tuberculosis.

We studied 51 patients with osteo-articular tuberculosis who were divided into two groups. Group I comprised 31 newly-diagnosed patients who were given first-line antituberculous treatment consisting of isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide. Group II (non-responders) consisted of 20 patients with a history of clinical non-responsiveness to supervised uninterrupted antituberculous treatment for a minimum of three months or a recurrence of a previous lesion which on clinical observation had healed. No patient in either group was HIV-positive. Group II were treated with an immunomodulation regime of intradermal BCG, oral levamisole and intramuscular diphtheria and tetanus vaccines as an adjunct for eight weeks in addition to antituberculous treatment. We gave antituberculous treatment for a total of 12 to 18 months in both groups and they were followed up for a mean of 30.2 months (24 to 49). A series of 20 healthy blood donors served as a control group.Twenty-nine (93.6%) of the 31 patients in group I and 14 of the 20 (70%) in group II had a clinicoradiological healing response to treatment by five months. The CD4 cell count in both groups was depressed at the time of enrolment, with a greater degree of depression in the group-II patients (686 cells/mm(3) (sd 261) and 545 cells/mm(3) (sd 137), respectively; p < 0.05). After treatment for three months both groups showed significant elevation of the CD4 cell count, reaching a level comparable with the control group. However, the mean CD4 cell count of group II (945 cells/mm(3) (sd 343)) still remained lower than that of group I (1071 cells/mm(3) (sd 290)), but the difference was not significant. Our study has shown encouraging results after immunomodulation and antituberculous treatment in non-responsive patients. The pattern of change in the CD4 cell count in response to treatment may be a reliable clinical indicator.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2003

Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effect of ethanolic extract of seeds of Eugenia jambolana in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits.

The hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effect of ethanolic extract obtained from seeds of E. jambolana was investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. Hypoglycaemic activity was assessed by reduction in fasting blood glucose (FBG) at 90min and also fall in peak blood glucose during glucose tolerance test (GTT) in sub-diabetic and mild diabetic (MD) rabbits, but in severe diabetic (SD) rabbits by reduction in FBG at 90min. Ethanolic extract (100mg/kg body weight) when given orally to sub-diabetic (AR) for 1 day, MD for 7 days and SD for 15 days showed significant fall in FBG at 90min (12% AR, 18.9% MD and 29% SD) and also produced 16.9% fall in peak blood glucose in AR and 21% in MD rabbits during GTT. When administered daily for 15 days to MD and SD rabbits, significant fall in FBG (41.3% MD, 31.6% SD) and glycosylated haemoglobin (GHb) levels (23.3% MD, 26.6% SD) were observed, while serum insulin level showed significant increase (32.8% MD, 26.9% SD). Liver and muscle glycogen content also increased. The ethanolic extract of seeds also exhibited significant hypolipidemic effect as evident from fall in total serum cholesterol (TC)/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) ratio, serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and decreased activity of HMG-CoA reductase. The histopathological studies of liver, pancreas and aorta in alcoholic extract treated diabetic groups revealed almost normal appearance.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Argemone mexicana poisoning: autopsy findings of two cases.

Epidemic dropsy, a disease due to Argemone mexicana poisoning, is characterized by pathological accumulation of diluted lymph in body tissues and cavities. Recently, the largest epidemic of the disease in India affected Delhi and its neighboring states during the months of August-September 1998. Over 3000 persons fell ill, and more than 65 died in the state of Delhi alone. Two cases belonging to the same family died, out of the large number of cases admitted in this tertiary care teaching hospital situated in eastern part of Delhi. Autopsy findings of these two cases are presented and discussed here along with the review of toxicity due to this poisoning.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1995

Nonbronchodilator effects of pirbuterol and ipratropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

BACKGROUND: Although both beta-adrenergic agonists and anticholinergic agents are widely used in the treatment of patients with COPD, they influence the pulmonary circulation and ventilation differently. We compared the effects of these two agents on gas exchange and distribution of ventilation in COPD. METHODS: Pirbuterol and ipratropium bromide were administered by inhalation via a metered-dose inhaler to 12 and 14 patients with COPD, respectively, in a randomized, double-blind fashion. Pulmonary function tests, arterial blood gas levels, heart rate, resting minute ventilation (VE), physiologic dead space volume to total ventilation ratio (VD/Vt) and oxygen consumption (VO2) were measured prior to and then 5, 15, 30, and 60 min after administration of the respective drugs. The changes in these measurements after administration of the two drugs were analyzed and compared with each other. RESULTS: The pulmonary function test measurements showed similar improvement after administration of both drugs. Heart rate fell in both groups. After administration of pirbuterol, the alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (P[A-a]O2) and VE rose significantly and the rise in FEV1 showed a negative correlation with the fall in PaO2. In contrast, the use of ipratropium bromide did not produce these effects, but resulted in a fall in VO2 and a rise in VD/Vt. CONCLUSION: Pirbuterol and ipratropium are equally effective bronchodilators in COPD. Pirbuterol results in a significant rise in P(A-a)O2 and resting VE. Ipratropium does not affect these measurements and seems to reduce the oxygen cost of breathing. The results suggest significant differences between the effects of the two agents on gas exchange, ventilation, and VO2 which could be of clinical significance.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1993

Chondromyxoid fibroma: a fine-needle aspiration diagnosis.

A 25-yr-old female presented with a slowly progressive swelling, occurring over an 8-yr period, in the right lower leg. The swelling was tender and fixed to the underlying bone. Clinical and radiological diagnosis was giant cell tumor (GCT) of the bone. Aspiration cytology smears were cellular showing an admixture of chondroid, stellate, and fibrocytic cells against a chondroid background. On cytomorphology, a diagnosis of chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) was made. It was confirmed on histologic examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A study of bone and joint changes secondary to burns.

A clinical and radiological study of 80 postburn patients to determine the extent of bone and joint changes is presented. The group comprised 38 males and 42 females, with ages ranging from 2 to 60 years. The time since burning ranged from 6 to 12 months in 40, from 1 to 5 years in 24 and over 5 years in 16 patients. Clinically bone and adjoining tissue involvement were seen in 32 patients (40 per cent), while radiological changes were seen in 49 (61.25 per cent). Radiological changes noted included osteoporosis 56.25 per cent, stunted growth (phalanges and limbs) 27.5 per cent, osteomyelitis 2.5 per cent, partial resorption of terminal phalanges and ankylosis 1.25 per cent each. Periarticular, pericapsular and tendon calcification were each seen in 1.25 per cent of the patients. Bone and joint changes were encountered only in major burns, and these could be minimized by proper early surgical care and long-term rehabilitation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Biliary ascariasis.

The clinical presentation of 12 cases with biliary ascariasis is reported. Ultrasonography was employed to demonstrate worms in the gallbladder and common bile duct preoperatively. Ten cases were operated upon and operative findings were compared to assess the accuracy of sonography in biliary ascariasis. Our results show that ultrasonography can be relied upon for the demonstration of biliary tract ascariasis.

Adolescent↗