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Biomedical subjects

G D Burrows

Publications and source records attributed to G D Burrows.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Hormone therapy and affect.

This study investigated the influence of hormone therapy on affect in a double blind crossover trail. The sample consisted of 49 women who had previously undergone hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy. Therapy consisted of 3 mth each of ethynyl oestradiol-50 micron/day, levonorgestrel-250 micron/day, "Nordial"-a combination of these two substances, and placebo. Affect was measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, verbal reports by women and self-ratings on visual analogue scales. Ethinyl oestradiol was found to have a beneficial influence on aspects of affect such as Hamilton scores, anxiety irritability and insomnia. The influence of hormones on Hamilton scores could be partly but not fully explained by the alleviation of hot flushes. Norgestrel showed less favourable changes initially but these tended to diminish by the third therapy month. Most of the women studied were not clinically depressed. Anxiety symptoms were the major features exhibited in the group of women investigated. The results of this study suggest that visual analogue rating scales are of questionable validity in assessing affect in patients without any appreciable psychiatric morbidity.

Affect↗
PubMed1979

Determination of viloxazine in plasma by GLC.

1 A gas chromatographic procedure for the determination of viloxazine in therapeutic concentrations in human plasma, with use of a flame ionization detector, is described. 2 The drug is extracted at pH 12 into hexane, back extracted into HCl, re-extracted into hexane after alkalinization of the HCl and derivatized with acetic anhydride. 3 An imipramine-butriptyline mixture is used as an internal standard. The coefficients of variation for a concentration of 0.75 microgram/ml are 9.4% and 13.1% for within day and day to day precision respectively. For a 1.75 micrograms/ml solution the within day precision was 5.7%. 4 The method has been applied to a patient receiving 300 mg/day viloxazine treatment.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1978

Cardiological effects of nomifensine, a new antidepressant.

A cardiovascular study of a new antidepressant, nomifensine, revealed no significant cardiac effects in eight ambulant patients who received up to 200 mg of nomifensine per day for three weeks. In an electro-physiological study of cardiac conduction, nomifensine had significantly less effect on cardiac activity than amitriptyline and doxepin. Results of the clinical and the experimental studies suggest that nomifensine may be of value in treating the depressed patient with heart disease.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1978

A review of studies of the psychological symptoms found at the menopause.

The scientific literature was reviewed in order to determine whether psychological symptoms were directly associated with the menopause. Aetiology theories of symptoms include biological, psychological, sociological and multifactorial. There is evidence that psychological symptoms do occur in increased frequency in relationship to declining ovarian function. The severity of these symptoms may be affected by sociological variables. Administration of oestrogens alone or in combination with progestogens appear to alleviate some of the symptoms. More detailed research is needed into the relationship between psychological symptoms and the menopause.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Menopausal hot flushes: a double blind comparison of placebo, ethinyl oestradiol and norgestrel.

A double blind crossover study was planned in order to compare the effects of oestrogen, progestogen and placebo on hot flushes. The 49 women studied had previously undergone hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy. The drug regimen consisted of three months each of ethinyl oestradiol 50 microgram/day, d norgestrel 250 microgram/day, a combination of these two substance ("Nordiol") and a placebo. The predominant reason for requesting a change of medication was intolerable hot flushes associated with placebo use. All hormonal preparations were found to be significantly more effective than placebo in reducing hot flush frequency and intensity. Oestrogen containing medications were more effective than the progestogen (norgestrel).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A new test of pain reactivity.

The Melbourne Pain Apperception Film is described. Scores correlated significantly with both ischaemic pain threshold and tolerance.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A radioimmunoassay for nortriptyline (and other tricyclic antidepressants) in plasma.

The radioimmunoassay for nortriptyline described here can detect as little 1 microgram/liter of plasma. Within-day precision and day-to-day precision (CV) were +/- 6 and +/- 11%, respectively, over the concentration range 100-200 microgram/liter. The major metabolite hydroxy-nortriptyline, does not cross react with the antiserum. Results so obtained correlate closely with results by a double-isotope derivative dilution technique. The major advantages of this technique over currently available methods are its sensitivity, convenience (many samples can be processed in one day), simplicity, and cost. Further, prior extraction of plasma samples is not required. Cross-reactivity studies have been carried out with all other available tricyclic antidepressants. The antiserum has the ability to bind these drugs, thus radioimmunoassay for all the tricyclic antidepressant drugs can be set up because concurrent use of more than one of these drugs is rare.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMed1977

A new antidepressant butriptyline: plasma levels and clinical response.

Ten patients who suffered from a primary depressive illness were treated with a new antidepressant drug butriptyline (150 mg/day). Six of the patients showed marked clinical improvement, as judged by depression rating scores, at the end of 22 days of treatment. No simple relationship was found between clinical response and plasma butriptyline concentration. Butriptyline is an effective antidepressant agent, well tolerated and with few side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A controlled comparative trial of clorazepate (Tranxene) and diazepam (Valium) for anxiety.

Two groups of anxious patients were treated with either clorazepate (n = 27, 15 mg at night), or diazepam (n = 27, 5 mg three times a day), and the anxiolytic effects of the treatments compared during a 22 day period. Both drugs were effective antianxiety agents (as assessed by the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Analogue and Rapid Symptom Check List scales). The response to drug treatment did not differ according to the type of anxiety--psychological or somatic. No significant difference was observed between the two drug treatments. Separation of patients according to their anxiety type did not change this finding. Clorazepate, when administered as a single dose at night, is an effective short term anxiolytic.

Adult↗