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Biomedical subjects

G D Burrows

Publications and source records attributed to G D Burrows.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effect of therapeutic dosage of lithium on the heart.

1 The cardiac effects of therapeutic levels of lithium were investigated in six healthy male volunteers. Subjects were studied: (1) before lithium ingestion, and (2) when steady-state plasma lithium levels were attained (at least 2 weeks after beginning daily lithium ingestion). 2 A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and high-speed high-fidelity ECG were used to record electrical activity of the heart. Fractional shortening of the left ventricle using echocardiography, and systolic time intervals (at rest and during exercise), were used as measures of myocardial performance. 3 In this group of healthy volunteers administration of lithium carbonate was associated with a reduction in T wave amplitude in standard electrocardiograms but no statistically significant impairment of myocardial performance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Doxepin plasma levels and anxiolytic response.

A study of 23 patients (16 females, 7 males), diagnosed as suffering from anxiety, was carried out using a flexible dosage regimen of doxepin. Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores were assessed on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 and plasma doxepin and desmethyl-doxepin concentrations were analysed from blood samples taken on days 7, 14 and 21 of the trial. No simple correlation between the Hamilton score at day 21 and plasma doxepin concentration (rs = -0.099 p greater than 0.05; n = 19) or plasma desmethyldoxepin concentration (rs = 0.339; p greater than 0.05; n = 19) was obtained. The sum of doxepin and desmethyldoxepin concentrations was not correlated with Hamilton score at day 21 (rs = 0.276; p greater than 0.05; n = 19). No correlation of doxepin, desmethyldoxepin or total concentrations and Hamilton score was found on days 7 or 14 of the trial.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Measurement of tricyclic antidepressants. Part II. Applications of methodology.

This review, together with Part 1 (Clin. Chem. 26: 5-17, 1980), summarizes progress in measurement of tricyclic antidepressants in biological fluids and the application of the methodology to clinical practice. For many of the older drugs and for all of the new-generation antidepressants, further studies are required to delineate the precise relationship between plasma concentration and clinical response in well-defined diagnostic groups. For new drugs, rigorous evaluation of a method of measurement is required before it is applied to clinical studies. Assessment of drug interactions, inter-patient variability in plasma concentrations, and determination of the plasma concentrations required for therapeutic response all depend almost entirely on the quality of the assay methodology.

Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic↗
PubMed1980

Plasma nomifensine concentration. Cardiological effects and clinical response.

Cardiological effects of nomifensine were studied in 10 endogenously depressed in-patients receiving up to 200 mg/day for 3 weeks. No significant cardiac effects were observed using His' bundle electrography and electrocardiography. 9 of the 10 patients showed a significant recovery from their depressive illness. Plasma nomifensine concentrations at day 22 were not correlated with clinical response, blood pressure, or electrocardiographic parameters. A negative correlation between A-H interval, in the His' bundle electrogram, and day 22 nomifensine concentration was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Hormones and sexuality: effect of estrogen and progestogen.

This study was planned to determine the effects of estrogen and progestogen on female sexual behavior. Forty-nine women who had undergone hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy took part in a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study. Over a 12-month period each woman received 3 months each of ethinyl estradiol, 50 microgram per day; levonorgestrel, 250 microgram per day; combination of these 2 substances (Nordiol); and a placebo. Significant differences between medications were found in sexual desire, enjoyment, and orgasmic frequency. The most beneficial effects occurred during medication with ethinyl estradiol. There were no differences observed in the effect of homones or placebo on coital rate or on the analogue rating scales scored daily. The validity of this scale in the present study is questionable.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of mianserin on cardiac conduction.

A cardiovascular study of a new antidepressant, mianserin, given at 60 mg a day for a three-week period to 10 ambulant, moderately depressed patients is described. No effects on cardiac conduction were found by means of His bundle electrocardiography. Nine of 10 depressed patients improved while on the medication; mild sedation was the only side effect noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Clinical measurement of pain.

The problems of clinical measurement of pain are considered. Various adjuncts to the standard clinical interview are proposed. These are: written reports, visual analogue scales, McGill's Pain Assessment Questionnaire, and a weekly pain chart. The advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. Correlations between various pain measures are shown. The use of the weekly pain chart by doctors is recommended in cases of chronic pain.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1979

Affect and the menstrual cycle.

Evidence from both retrospective and prospective studies suggests that many women do show cyclical changes in affect. Negative changes such as irritability, headache, tension, anxiety, sleep disturbance and depression are more frequent in the premenstrual and menstrual phases. Positive changes, pleasantness, increased vigour and elation are reported more often in the follicular or mid-cycle phases. Various theories have been suggested to explain these changes. These include psychodynamic, sociological and biological explanations. Although there is some evidence to support each theory no definite conclusions can be reached about the aetiological basis of most affective changes. Interpretation of studies attempting to link hormonal and affective fluctuations in limited by the many methodological problems outlined. Only one study appeared able to conclusively demonstrate a hormonal basis for a cyclical symptom. Suggestions are made for further research in this area.

Adult↗