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Biomedical subjects

G Caimi

Publications and source records attributed to G Caimi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Basal lipid energy utilization in obese women and men].

In 16 abdominal type obese males, in 16 gluteal-femoral type obese females and in 10 nonobese males and 9 nonobese females, as controls, the influence of body fat distribution on basal lipid oxidation was evaluated by indirect calorimetry. Basal lipid oxidation was significantly higher in the obese males (1.21 +/- 0.12 g/kg-FFM.die) than in the nonobese males (0.47 +/- 0.13 g/kg-FFM.die; p less than 0.001), but not significantly different between obese and nonobese females (0.98 +/- 0.16 and 0.89 +/- 0.13 g/kg-FFM.die; p ns). A significant correlation between basal lipid oxidation and percentage of body fat was found only in the male subjects (r = 0.51; p less than 0.01). These results suggest that basal lipid oxidation differs in the two sexes according to adipose tissue anatomic location.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1988

Blood rheology changes during bezafibrate treatment.

To evaluate the effect of bezafibrate on the haemorheological pattern, 30 atherosclerotic non-diabetic patients were enlisted in a double-blind, comparative, parallel group trial with bezafibrate (600 mg daily) or placebo being randomly assigned. The 45-day treatment period was preceded by a three week pharmacological wash-out. Haemorheological parameters such as whole-blood, plasma and serum viscosity, haematocrit, fibrinogen, fibrinogen/albumin ratio and erythrocyte filterability were evaluated before and at the end of treatment. The results showed no change in haemorheological determinants in the placebo-treated group but a significant reduction in whole-blood viscosity, in haematocrit, in fibrinogen and fibrinogen/albumin ratio was observed in the bezafibrate treated patients. No variation was present in the plasma and serum viscosity and in the erythrocyte filterability.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Physiopathology and clinical aspects of type IV renal tubular acidosis].

Type IV Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a syndrome whose physiopathological and clinical peculiarities have been described in the last decade. This syndrome can be associated with several pathological conditions characterized by reduced aldosterone activity of which hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism is the most frequent. Type IV RTA originates in a defect in the distal nephron responsible for hydrogen and kalium ion secretion. Renal hyperchloremic acidosis and hyperkalemia are evident; the net acid secretion is decreased especially because of the urinary reduction in ammonia. Besides the behaviour of the spontaneous humoral parameters, the diagnosis of RTA is based on the tests that explore distal nephron acidification.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1987

Red cell peroxide metabolism in diabetes mellitus.

In a group of normal controls and in a group of diabetics subdivided for type we evaluated the following red blood cell parameters: superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH.Px), catalase (C-ase), glutathione content (GSH) and membrane-protein-sulphydryl groups (P-SH). There was no difference in the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase in normals and in the diabetics. However, the erythrocyte GSH content as well as membrane P-SH groups discriminate the normals from diabetics and also the diabetics subdivided for type. None of these parameters was related to the erythrocyte filterability considered as a reflection of the red blood cell deformability. These findings reveal that the diabetic red blood cell is less protected from oxidant agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Whole-blood filtration at different filtration pressures: evaluation in normals and diabetics.

Using the Reid technique we evaluated the blood cellular volume (VBC-ml/min-) obtained by changing filtration negative pressure. From the obtained data it is evident that at the three different pressures (20, 15 and 10 cm of H2O) the VBC does not distinguish normals from diabetics. Only at the negative pressure of 20 cm of water did the VBC distinguish diabetics who were subdivided for type and for vascular complications. We also evaluated the relationship between the values of VBC calculated at the pressure of 20 and 10 cm of water. From this study it emerges that the relationship between the two values present in normals is not different from that present in diabetics and in diabetics subdivided for type and vascular complications. The causes of these findings have been examined in detail.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[The pharmacological approach in hemorheology].

The evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of hemorheological treatment is particularly difficult due to the existence of several physiopathological and technical problems which, up to now, have not been solved. Blood rheological behavior depends on plasma and cellular determinants, and regarding the latter the red cells play a major role. Some hyperviscosity clinical patterns related either to qualitative and quantitative alterations of plasma proteins or to an increase in red blood cells are now treated using mechanical removal techniques, while the pharmacological treatment is disappointing. The anatomo-functional red cell trend can be modified by membrane alterations, by alterations of the cytoplasmatic metabolic systems and by extra-erythrocyte factors. The rheological role of the anatomo-functional integrity of the membrane and the red cell content of Ca2+ and ATP have been evidentiated; the extra-erythrocyte factors are now being carefully studied. At present, a demonstration of the rheological activity and clinical effectiveness of drugs able to modify the erythrocyte levels of Ca2+ and ATP is evident. The pharmacological approach, acting on membrane phospholipids, about which there are several reports, is interesting and also the group of drugs influencing prostaglandin system and platelet aggregation is important. We have only incomplete reports regarding several other drugs. The future of the therapeutic use of drugs acting on blood rheology is interesting, but a final answer will derive only by examining their clinical effectiveness.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1985

[Blood filterability at various filtration pressures: a study conducted on normal and diabetic subjects].

Using the Reid et al. technique we have evaluated the blood cellular volume (VBC: ml/min) obtained by changing the negative filtration pressure. From the obtained data it is evident that at the three different filtration pressure values (-20, -15 and -10 cm of H2O) the VBC does not distinguish normal from diabetic subjects. Only at the negative pressure of 20 cm of water did the VBC distinguish diabetics, who were subdivided by type and vascular complications. We have also evaluated the relationship between the values of VBC calculated at the pressures of -20 and -10 cm of water. From this study it emerged that the relationship between the two values present in normals is not different from that present in diabetics and in diabetics subdivided by type and vascular complications.

Blood↗
PubMed1983

[Acute intermittent porphyria].

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a congenital disease which as its name suggests, runs intermittently. Biochemically it is characterised by over-production of hepatic ALA synthetase (ALA-s), inducible mitochondrial enzyme and an increase in prophyrinic precursors (PBG, ac S-ALA). Clinically it is characterised by an abdominal nervous symptomatology. The primary metabolic error has been identified as a deficiency in enzyme activity which partially blocks haem biosynthesis. During the appearance of clinical manifestations, certain factors are present which have the capacity of inducing hepatic ALA-s production in vitro. Apart from some preventive measures treatment is mainly of symptomatology and complications. More recently the use of ALA-s inhibitors has been introduced.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Blood viscosity and erythrocyte filterability: their evaluation in diabetes mellitus.

Blood viscosity and erythrocyte filterability were assessed in forty-five diabetics subdivided for type and vascular complications. From the obtained data, it is evident that blood viscosity at high shear rates does not distinguish diabetics from normals nor diabetics from one another, whereas at low shear rates it is able to differentiate normals from diabetics and diabetics with and without vascular complications. As for the erythrocyte filterability, it is evident that the Vrbc, obtained by filtering whole-blood, distinguishes diabetics from normals, whereas this does not happen with the DI, obtained by filtering red blood suspended (5%) in prefiltered autologous plasma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Essential hypertension. The behaviour of the haemorheological determinants and their trends during beta-blocker treatment.

We examined the haemorheological determinants in a group of 52 hypertensives (diastolic basal pressure greater than 100 mmHg) subdivided in relation to the clinical stage (I and II or III according to the WHO classification) and in a group of 50 normal controls, matched for age and sex. From this study, it is evident that only plasma viscosity, fibrinogen and the fibrinogen/albumin ratio are able to distinguish normals from hypertensives. It is also clear that the clinical stage does not influence the haemorheological findings. These haemorheological factors were also measured in 3 groups of hypertensives treated with either timolol (20 mg/day), metoprolol (200 mg/day) or oxprenolol (160 mg/day). After a basal evaluation, measurements were performed, at regular intervals of 10 days, for a period of 30 days. The only significant changes were obtained using timolol; metoprolol and oxprenolol, did not affect these haemorheological parameters.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1983

[Hemorrheological survey in a group with arteriosclerotic vascular disease treated with suloctidil].

In 17 patients affected by atherosclerotic vascular disease and showing in basal conditions a hyperviscosity state, we have monitored the main hemorheological determinants during treatment with Suloctidil. At the end of treatment carried out for 5 months the results showed that erythrocyte filterability was the only hemorheological determinant influenced. The possible causes of this action are therefore considered.

Aged↗