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Biomedical subjects

G Burg

Publications and source records attributed to G Burg.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Epicutaneous testing with a standard series. Results in 12,026 patients].

From 1977 to 1983, 12,026 patients were given patch tests with a standard series of substances. A total of 4,494 (37.4%) had positive patch-test reactions to one or more allergens; the average number of positive reactions was 1.85. The most frequent reactions were due to nickel sulphate (positive reactions in 9.2% of those tested), fragrance mix (8.9%), balsam of Peru (6.3%), cobalt chloride (4.7%), potassium dichromate (4.3%) and wool alcohols (4.3%). Women showed significantly more positive reactions than men to nickel sulphate, cobalt chloride, wool alcohols, and parabens and significantly fewer positive reactions than men to potassium dichromate, PPD mix, and epoxy resin. Younger patients showed significant more positive reactions to nickel sulphate and cobalt chloride; middle-aged patients reacted more to potassium dichromate, paraphenylendiamine, formaldehyde and thiuram mix; elderly patients reacted to balsam of Peru, wool alcohols, caine mix, neomycin sulfate, benzocaine, colophony, clioquinol, mafenide, parabens, and gentamycin sulfate.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Congenital poikiloderma with verrucous hyperkeratosis. An unusual form of Thomson's syndrome?].

A 50 year old male patient suffered from poikilodermatous skin since his 14th year of life. During the past 5 years hyperkeratotic plaques and squamous cell carcinomas developed, leading to metastases into lymph nodes and the lung and fatal outcome. To our knowledge, up to now 6 cases of congenital poikiloderma (Thomson-syndrome, Rothmund-Thomson-syndrome) in conjunction with verrucous hyperkeratosis and squamous cell carcinoma have been reported in the literature.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1988

[Proliferating tricholemmal tumor].

We report an unusually located proliferating tricholemmal tumor on the back of a male patient. Ladewig staining clearly demonstrated different patterns of tricholemmal and epidermal keratinization.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1988

[Localized neutrophilic eccrine hydradenitis in mitoxantrone therapy: a typical side-effect of cytostatic drugs].

In a 59 year-old woman, polychemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and mitoxantrone was started because of liver and bone marrow metastases following operative treatment of breast cancer with subsequent X-ray treatment in 1982. Three weeks after the fourth cycle of polychemotherapy multiple small, firm, reddish papules and pustules developed on the lymphedematous right arm. Histology revealed a dense, well-circumscribed granulocytic infiltrate around the acrosyringial part of the sweat gland duct. Skin lesions cleared completely after the chemotherapy had been changed to cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-FU. The purpose of our report is to present this largely unknown distinct clinicopathologic entity caused by anthracyclines.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

Cutaneous infiltrates of histiocytosis X contain plasminogen activator-bearing epidermotropic dendritic cells different from Langerhans cells.

Plasminogen activators (PA) play an important role in cell migration and tissue degradation. Considering the strong epidermotropism of atypical mononuclear cells in histiocytosis X (HX) skin infiltrates leading to intraepidermal abscess formation, it was the purpose of this study to look for tissue-type PA (t-PA) and/or urokinase-type PA (u-PA) on HX cells. Four monoclonal antibodies against PA were used, employing the alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique on cryostat sections from four patients with HX. Twenty percent to 40% of infiltrating cells in the epidermis expressed the t-PA antigen. t-PA+ cells were present in the follicular centers of human tonsil, absent in normal epidermis and scanty in cutaneous infiltrates from mycosis fungoides and lupus erythematosus. Double labeling with anti-PA and T6 (CD1) or S100 protein revealed some of the HX cells to express both antigens (t-PA+ CD1+ or t-PA+ S100+). We conclude that cutaneous infiltrates of HX contain PA+ dendritic cells which are different from normal Langerhans cells and which may be responsible for the strong epidermal alterations in HX.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Effects of chronic intracutaneous administration of arachidonic acid and its metabolites. Induction of leukocytoclastic vasculitis by leukotriene B4 and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and its prevention by prostaglandin E2.

Despite the postulated role of arachidonic acid-derived metabolites in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory dermatoses such as psoriasis and atopic or contact dermatitis, the cutaneous effects of their chronic application have not yet been investigated. We therefore studied systematically the effects of chronic intracutaneous administration of arachidonic acid, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) in guinea pigs, and describe previously unrecognized findings partly different from those reported in the past for short-term or topical application of these inflammatory mediators. Leukotriene B4 and 12-HETE led to massive histologic changes characteristic of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. These changes could be prevented by concomitant PGE2 administration. In epidermis, LTB4 and 12-HETE caused some spongiosis as well as hyperplasia and increased tritiated thymidine autoradiographic labeling index. Arachidonic acid and PGE2 alone had little effect. These data suggest that in addition to other inflammatory or hyperproliferative dermatoses, arachidonic acid metabolites formed via lipoxygenase pathways could play a major role in leukocytoclastic vasculitis, whereas PGs could exert a tissue-protective effect.

12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid↗
PubMed1987

Cell populations in pagetoid reticulosis: an immunological study using cell activation associated monoclonal antibodies.

The nature of the epidermal cellular infiltrate in pagetoid reticulosis is still subject to intense controversies. Using a panel of recently developed monoclonal antibodies against cell activation and proliferation associated antigens it was possible to demonstrate the activated state of numerous T cells within the lesional epidermis. Moreover approximately 10% of these T cells reacted with proliferation associated antigens. In addition macrophages and Langerhans' cells were found to represent a regular constituent of the epidermal infiltrate with a density clearly exceeding that of unaffected adjacent epidermis. The close apposition of activated T cells and monocytic cells suggests an intensive interaction of both cell types in the development of the pagetoid reticulosis lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Immunohistochemical classification of cutaneous lymphomas and pseudolymphomas].

We investigated 46 cases of cutaneous lymphoma and pseudolymphoma by immunohistochemical methods using a panel of monoclonal antibodies. Of the cutaneous T cell lymphomas, 2 did not show the classic helper phenotype but revealed a predominance of suppressor cells in one case and of immature thymocytes in the other. Cutaneous B cell lymphomas of low-grade malignancy were characterized by the presence of completely developed T zones between the B cell areas. B cell lymphomas of high-grade malignancy revealed an immunohistologically homogeneous infiltrate. Cutaneous pseudolymphomas can be classified in T cell pseudolymphomas (lymphocytic infiltration, lymphomatoid papulosis) and B cell pseudolymphomas. Lymphadenosis cutis benigna with germinal center cell differentiation was clearly distinguishable from other B cell pseudolymphomas, which are considered to comprise mainly peripheral B lymphocytes. Immunohistological methods are obviously useful in the classification of lymphoproliferative diseases of the skin and can make a contribution to increasing our understanding of them.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

[Erosive pustulous dermatitis of the scalp].

We present a 46-year-old female patient suffering from progressive, pustular and erosive lesions of the scalp. The nosology and the differential diagnosis of this disease entity, called erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp, are discussed.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1986

Reactivity of monoclonal antibody BE 2 in different stages of mycosis fungoides and in benign dermal infiltrates.

The cutaneous infiltrate in mycosis fungoides (MF) is predominantly composed of T4-positive T-cells. Attempts to distinguish the early stages of this condition from benign inflammatory infiltrates using anti-T3, T4 and other T-cell-associated antibodies have hitherto been unsuccessful. Recently a monoclonal antibody BE 2 has been described as selectively reacting against leukemic cells in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. To investigate whether the BE 2 antigen is differentially expressed in different stages of MF and benign dermatoses, thus facilitating diagnosis, especially of early MF, the reactivity of monoclonal antibody BE 2 against cutaneous infiltrates from such conditions was assessed. In the early stages of MF only a small number of reactive cells was present. In benign inflammatory infiltrates, especially in those that clinically and histologically were hardly distinguishable from early MF, BE 2 reactivity was essentially the same as in eczematous-stage MF. Lesions from plaque and tumor stage MF contained large numbers of BE 2-reactive cells. Our results indicate that expression of BE 2 is associated with the stage of a given MF lesion and is essentially identical in early MF and eczematous lesions with a similar histopathological appearance.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Atypical cells in lymphomatoid papulosis express the Hodgkin cell-associated antigen Ki-1.

Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is characterized by the presence of large multinucleated cells resembling Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells. Evidence of antigenic similarity between these two cell types has been sought by immunohistologic labeling of 10 biopsies from cases of LyP with monoclonal antibodies against Ki-1 and other RS and Hodgkin (H) cell-associated antigens. In all cases studied, a proportion of the large atypical cells expressed the Ki-1 antigen. On the contrary, in 20 biopsies of benign skin lesions or cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, Ki-1-positive cells were absent or only occasionally present. Furthermore the large atypical cells of LyP also expressed antigens (e.g., T3, T4, HLA-DR, IL-2 receptors) which we have previously demonstrated on RS cells in the majority of cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD). These findings, in conjunction with the observation that Ki-1 antigen expression can be induced on peripheral blood lymphocytes following exposure to phytohemagglutinin or HTLV I, provide evidence that the Ki-1 positive cells in LyP represent activated T cells as RS cells do in many cases of HD.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Mycosis fungoides and Sézary's syndrome show distinct histomorphological features.

A light microscopic investigation of skin biopsy specimens from 10 patients with plaque stage mycosis fungoides (MF) and from 6 with Sézary's syndrome (SS) was carried out according to the defined histologic criteria, for the purpose of detecting some morphological characteristics of these diseases for their histological differentiation. This study revealed that some histomorphological differences regarding the epidermal and dermal changes, epidermotropism and the cellular infiltrate existed between MF and SS, and that these diseases were two distinct entities showing differences not only from a clinical and hematologic but also from the histological viewpoint.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Immunologic phenotyping of cutaneous lymphomas].

Monoclonal antibodies against lymphoid cell-associated antigens have contributed substantially to our understanding of cutaneous lymphomas. The distribution and function of the most important T- and B-cell antigens are summarized and their expression on cutaneous lymphomas is discussed. Monoclonal antibodies can provide a valuable diagnostic approach to supplement routine histology, especially in histologically doubtful cases.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[Acyclovir in mycosis fungoides and lymphomatoid papulosis].

A survey is given on 23 patients (10 of our own, 13 reported in personal communications and in the literature) suffering from lymphoproliferative diseases and treated with acyclovir (ACV). In 5 patients (3 of 18 with cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, 2 of 5 with lymphomatoid papulosis) partial remission could be achieved. Since herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus and viruses like Epstein-Barr and varicella-zoster do not play an etiologic role and since HTLV-I virus, due to its lack of thymidine kinase, cannot activate ACV, the following mechanisms should be discussed regarding the possible effectiveness of ACV in lymphoproliferative diseases: a direct cytopathic effect; activation of ACV by the thymidine kinase of viruses not yet detected in cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders; ACV activation by cellular thymidine kinase, which has been found to be elevated in lymphoproliferative disorders. Preliminary clinical observations suggest that ACV may exhibit an antiproliferative effect intravenously in some patients with lymphomatoid papulosis.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1985

Primary cutaneous atypical histiocytosis with possible dissemination.

Three unusual cases that were clinically suspected to be cutaneous malignant lymphomas were investigated by electron microscopy and enzyme cytochemistry. By conventional histology, a monomorphous infiltrate of medium-sized histiocytoid cells with occasional cytoplasmic vacuoles was seen. More characteristic was the ultrastructural finding of giant multivesicular bodies and pleomorphic granules in numerous neoplastic cells. These organelles seem to be closely related and to represent a market of a clinical entity. On cryostat sections some neoplastic cells were strongly positive, some weakly positive, and others negative for lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase, alpha-naphthyl-acetate esterase). Several cases with the same cytoplasmic structures and similarities in clinical presentations (disseminated cutaneous nodules and larger masses) and good responses to various modes of treatment (excision, x-ray irradiation, chemotherapy) have been described in the literature. However, a fatal course is also possible.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Significance of non-lymphoid ('accessory') cells in malignant lymphomas and pseudolymphomas of the skin.

We investigated the co-distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations and non-lymphoid 'accessory' cells in 35 cases of cutaneous lymphoproliferative diseases (T-cell lymphoma, 10 cases; B-cell lymphoma, 17 cases; pseudolymphoma, 8 cases) using immunohistochemical methods. T-zone histiocytes and particularly Langerhans cells were abundant in all cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, but were also found in B-cell lymphomas. T-zone histiocytes were associated with T-lymphocytes, especially T-helper cells, but not with T-suppressor cells. Dendritic reticulum cells were essentially confined to well differentiated germinal centres. Macrophages occurred in both lymphomas and pseudolymphomas without definite relationship with either B- or T-cells. In malignant lymphomas of high grade malignancy, macrophages represented the only non-lymphoid cell type. Our results indicate that malignant lymphoid cells, like normal lymphocytes, require definite micro-environments which are, at least in part, maintained by certain non-lymphoid cells.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗