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Biomedical subjects

G Buchbauer

Publications and source records attributed to G Buchbauer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Functional imaging of effects of fragrances on the human brain after prolonged inhalation.

Beside olfactory or trigeminal stimulation of chemosensory receptor-cells some results in published literature suggest that fragrances show a direct affect on the brain. The effect of the fragrance 1,8-cineol, which was described in literature as 'stimulating', on regional and global cerebral blood flow (rCBF and gCBF) in the human brain after prolonged inhalation was investigated. The results show an increase of global-CBF without preference to primary or secondary olfactory centres after an inhalation-time of 20 min.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Fifty years of development of opium characterization methods.

In view of the recent call by the Sub-Commission on Illicit Drug Traffic and Related Matters in the Near and Middle East, for the "development of mechanisms to identify, with more precision and through laboratory analysis, the sources of opium seized from the illicit traffic" [1], the present paper reviews the rationale and preconditions for any practical and reliable characterization and origin-correlated classification of opium. In that context, the results of the early international efforts under the aegis of the United Nations from 1951 to 1967, as well as the rather sporadic investigations in this direction since 1968, are described. Finally, it is demonstrated that in spite of the application of modern computer-based technology, the main obstacle to comprehensive opium characterization and typology is still the lack of an extensive reference collection of opium samples of known origin.

Chemistry Techniques, Analytical↗
PubMed1993

Fragrance compounds and essential oils with sedative effects upon inhalation.

Fragrance compounds and essential oils with sedative effects influence the motility of mice in inhalation studies under standardized conditions. A significant drop in the motility of mice was registered following exposure to these fragrances. The same results were achieved when the mice were artificially induced into overagitation by intraperitoneal application of caffeine and subsequently subjected to inhalation of fragrance compounds and essential oils. These results proved the sedative effects of these fragrants via inhalative exposure in low concentrations. Blood samples were taken from the mice after a 1-h inhalation period. Chromatographic and spectroscopic methods were used to detect and characterize the actual effective compounds after solid-phase extraction. Serum concentrations of 42 different substances, including fragrance compounds, were found in low ranges (ng/mL serum). The results contribute to the correct interpretation of the term aromatherapy (i.e., a stimulating or sedative effect on the behaviour of individuals only upon inhalation of fragrance compounds).

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of valerian root oil, borneol, isoborneol, bornyl acetate and isobornyl acetate on the motility of laboratory animals (mice) after inhalation].

The aromatherapeutical use of commercial valerian root oil (Chinese origin) and of pure fragrance compounds--borneol, isoborneol, bornyl acetate (main constituent of the proved valerian root oil) and isobornyl acetate--as potentially drugs with sedative effects after inhalation was investigated in an animal experiment (mice). In additional analyses the mice were treated i.p. by caffeine and distinct sedative effects were observed only by inhalation of the cited substances.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Investigations of animal blood samples after fragrance drug inhalation by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with chemical ionization and selected ion monitoring.

The fragrance compounds linalool (1) and linalyl acetate (2) could be detected, identified and quantified (1: 7-9 ng ml-1; and 2: 1-2 ng ml-1 and 4-5 ng ml-1 as free linalool) in blood samples after inhalation in animal experiments (mice) by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with chemical ionization (CI) (ammonia); selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode (1: m/z 81, 137 and 154; 2: 47, 57 and 137) and GC/flame ionization detection (FID). The inhalation of these monoterpenes in concentrations of 5 mg l-1 air leads to a significant reduction of the motility of the test animals down to 30-40% with respect to the control group.

Acyclic Monoterpenes↗
PubMed1990

[Synthesis of the isocamphene series. 33. The synthesis of fungicidal norbornane derivatives].

Starting from the corresponding amines the syntheses of various norbornyl ureas with potential fungicidal activity are described. These new compounds possess a tricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]decane, or an isocamphenilane, a camphenilane, an exo- and endo- dimethylnorbornane or a bicyclo[2.2.2]octane carbon skeleton. With the exception of the first class all other derivatives bear a geminal dimethyl group--important because of its shielding effect--at C-3 of the bicyclus. Some ureas, especially 6 and the acetamide 5, are active against phytopathogenic fungi.

Ascomycota↗
PubMed1985

[Aroma therapy].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Norbornane compounds in pharmaceutical research].

This review compiles the literature about norbornanes which already are used as medicaments and such bicyclo [2.2.1]heptanes, which are connected with drug research in some way. As is shown for the period from 1967 until 1980 the occupation with these bicyclic compounds has gained some importance in drug research, not only because they are used medicinally but also because they are used as suitable test molecules for studying structure-activity-relationships by reason of their special molecular shape, their voluminous, bicyclic carbon skeleton and the sterically fixed position of their substituents.

Amines↗
PubMed1979

[Structure-activity relationship of isocamphane derivatives/Two examples (author's transl)].

In a short review the dependence of the activity of isocamphane derivatives on their chemical structure is shown by means of two examples. In the first example--that of drug research--the choleretic activity of Felogen analogues is discussed. In the second example the dependence of the camphoraceous odour on the molecular shape in accordance with Amoore's stereochemical theory of odour and the influence of a certain osmophoric group on the nuance of a fragrance is shown.

Camphanes↗
PubMed1977

[The effects of barbiturates on the embryonic growth of seedling of lepidium sativum L (author's transl)].

The influence of some important barbiturates on the capacity to stimulate or to stop the growth of seedling of Lepidium sativum L. was tested and the results statistically evaluated. Phenobarbital, cyclobarbital and pentobarbitial show a significant stimulating effect on growth between 10(-2) and 10(-4) moles/l. All barbiturates in concentrations over 10(-3)M act strongly inhibiting. The average inhibitory concentrations (ID50) show a clear dependence on biological properties, in the first place the partition coefficient.

Barbiturates↗
PubMed1977

[Phytopharmacological study on proadiphene, amiphenazole and bemegride in association with phenobarbitone (author's transl)].

The capacity of 2-diethylaminoethyl-alpha, alpha-diphenylvalerate (proadiphene), 2,4-diamino-5-phenyl-thiazole (amiphenazole) and 2,6-dioxo-4-methyl-4-ethyl-piperidine (bemegride) of stimulating or stopping the growth of seedlings of Lepidium sativum L. was tested. Only bemegride shows a weak stimulating effect between 10(-3) and 10(-2) moles/l. In combination with phenobarbital these compounds counteract the stimulating effect and increase the inhibiting one of this barbiturate on the growth of the seedlings.

Bemegride↗