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Biomedical subjects

G Brown

Publications and source records attributed to G Brown.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

A morphometric study of arterial intimal thickening in kidneys of dialyzed patients.

Arterial intimal thickening is common in the end-stage kidneys of patients maintained on hemodialysis. We measured the intimal thickening in patients dialyzed for varying periods and in patients with the malignant phase of essential hypertension and with scleroderma-associated renal failure. The ratio of intimal area to medical area in intrarenal arteries was used as a measure of intimal thickening. In the dialysis groups, intimal thickening was relatively constant in arteries of all sizes and correlated with duration of dialysis, particularly in larger arteries. In the malignant hypertension and scleroderma groups, the intimal thickening was greatest in arteries less than 200 mu in diameter and least in those over 500 mu in diameter. There was much less intimal thickening in arteries of all sizes in kidneys of patients with end-stage polycystic disease than in other end-stage kidneys from patients with a similar diastolic blood pressure and similar duration of dialysis. We believe that the intimal thickening in dialyzed patients is probably a disuse type of change and may be related to reduction in the area of the renal microvascular bed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Fetal hyperinsulinism in rhesus isoimmunization.

Analyses of peritoneal ascitic fluid obtained prior to intrauterine transfusion show that some babies with severe rhesus isoimmunization develop raised insulin levels up to a month before delivery. The glucose content of fetal ascitic fluid is usually only about 10 mg. per 100 ml. less than the glucose content of maternal plasma and there is no evidence that this relation is influenced by the fetal or maternal insulin level. The electrolyte content of fetal ascitic fluid is very similar to that of maternal plasma, but fluid from babies with hyperinsulinism has an unusually high calcium content.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1978

Hypopharyngeal perforations in neonates.

Hypopharyngeal perforations in the neonate have rarely been reported, although such a disorder may be a more common occurrence than suspected. The optimal therapy is controversial. A case is presented in which instrumentation of the upper airway led to a transmural hypopharyngeal perforation in a naonate. The infant did well with conservative therapy. The early recognition of hypopharyngeal lacerations is of great importance. When the correct diagnosis is made, the condition of infants with pseudodiverticulum of the hypopharynx can be managed successfully without surgery.

Diverticulum↗
PubMed1978

Production of monoclonal antibodies to group A erythrocytes, HLA and other human cell surface antigens-new tools for genetic analysis.

Antibody-secreting hybrid cells have been derived from a fusion between mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells from a mouse immunized with membrane from human tonsil lymphocyte preparations. Hybrids secreting antibodies to cell surface antigens were detected by assaying culture supernatants for antibody binding to human tonsil cells. Six different antibodies (called W6/1, /28, /32, /34, /45 and /46 were analyzed. These were either against antigens of wide tissue distribution (W6/32, /34, and /46) or mainly on erythrocytes (W6/1 and W6/28). One of the anti-erythrocyte antibodies (W6/1) detected a polymorphic antigen, since blood group A1 and A2 erythrocytes were labeled while B and O were not. Antibodies W6/34, /45 and /46 were all against antigens which were mapped to the short arm of chromosome 11 by segregation analysis of mouse-human hybrids. Immunoprecipitation studies suggest that W6/45 antigen may be a protein of 16,000 dalton, apparent molecular weight, while W6/34 and /46 antigens could not be detected by this technique. Antibody W6/32 is against a determinant common to most, if not all, of the 43,000 dalton molecular weight chains of HLA-A, B and C antigens. This was established by somatic cell genetic techniques and by immunoprecipitation analysis. Tonsil leucocytes bound 370,000 W6/32 antibody molecules per cell at saturation. The hybrid myelomas W6/32 and W6/34 have been cloned, and both secrete an IgG2 antibody. W6/32 cells were grown in mice, and the serum of the tumor-bearing animals contained greater than 10 mg/ml of monoclonal antibody. The experiments established the usefulness of the bybrid myeloma technique in preparing monospecific antibodies against human cell surface antigens. In particular, this study highlights the possibilities not only of obtaining reagents for somatic cell genetics, but also of obtaining mouse antibodies detecting human antigenic polymorphisms.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1978

Some new singular Fourier-Stieltjes series.

Singular continuous probability measures on the circle group are constructed whose Fourier-Stieltjes transforms converge to zero very rapidly and also have positive partial sums. Partial results for the line and for arbitary compact infinite Abelian groups are also obtained.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

Analysis of human leukaemic cells using cell surface binding probes and the fluorescence activated cell sorter.

Cell surface binding fluorescent ligands have been used to distinguish between different types of leukaemic cells and between leukaemic cells and their presumed normal counterparts or progenitors. Binding of these probes was evaluated using the Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS) which provides both rapid, objective and quantitative recording of fluorescent signals from individual cells plus physical separation of cells of particular interest. Binding sites for cholera toxin (monosialoganglioside GM1) were found to be normally expressed in chronic leukaemias but greatly diminished or absent in acute leukaemias irrespective of their morphological type. Antibodies specific for the common form of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL, non-T, non-B) have been produced in rabbits. After extensive absorption and testing these were shown to define a cell surface antigen of non-T, non-B type ALLs. The antigen is absent from other leukaemias with two interesting exceptions--the majority of acute undifferentiated leukaemias express the antigen as do a proportion of chronic granulocytic leukaemias in blast crisis relapse. The anti-ALL antibodies can therefore be used to distinguish different leukaemias and, more significantly, can identify the existence of relatively rare leukaemic cells in the blood of untreated patients and the marrow of treated patients considered to be in remission.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1976

Clinical and immunological studies of timothy antigen D immunotherapy.

The response to preseasonal immunotherapy with aqueous grass extract, timothy antigen D, or water-soluble timothy (WST) in alginate was compared in patients sensitive to grass pollen. Injections of antigen D in alginate produced little evidence of clinical or immunologic response. Treatment with aqueous grass extract or WST in alginate, on the other hand, significantly reduced the seasonal rise in grass-specific IgE. Aqueous extract therapy was also associated with a decline in leukocyte sensitivity during the pollen season, while WST treatment produced the greatest rise in hemagglutinating antibodies.

Alginates↗