Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Bouchard

Publications and source records attributed to G Bouchard.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Seasonality and variability of the interestrous interval in the bitch.

Records from two breeding colonies (A and B) located near each other were analyzed for this experiment. Colony A consisted of 19 bitches (8 Maltese, 5 Yorkshire, 3 Lhasa Apso, and 3 Bouvier des Flandres), while Colony B consisted of 48 Beagle bitches. A total of 126 interestrous intervals (141 estrous cycles) from Colony A were reviewed to quantitate the variability of the interestrous interval. Analysis of variance showed that the degree of variation of the estrous cycle length within bitches (65%) was about twice the degree of variation of means of the estrous cycle length among bitches (35%). It was found that the estrous cycle length is extremely variable, and it cannot be used to predict the next estrus in a single bitch, although some bitches were very consistent. The seasonal and monthly distribution of estrous cycles throughout the year was also analyzed from bitches kept in Colonies A and B for a total of 210 estrous cycles. The data were collected over a four-year period. A seasonal pattern was observed when the cumulative distributions over years were analyzed. A higher frequency of estrous cycles was observed during winter and summer. This seasonality pattern was not observed when individual years were analyzed separately. However, the overall probability that an estrus would occur at any month of the year was the same for each month (1/12) when cumulative distribution over years were analyzed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Estrus induction in the bitch using a combination diethylstilbestrol and FSH-P.

The purpose of the study was to induce estrus and ovulation in normal bitches using a combination of diethylstilbestrol (DES) and follicle stimulating hormone of porcine pituitary origin (FSH-P). Thirteen mature mongrel female dogs were divided into two groups, the first group was treated for estrus induction during late anestrus and the second group during mid-anestrus. The dogs were monitored by teasing, vaginal cytology, and hormonal assay during the induced (n=13) and the previous spontaneous estrous cycle (n=9). Six of eight and three of five bitches came into standing estrus in the first and second group, respectively. Of the bitches that came into estrus, three conceived in the first group and one in the second. The average induced litter size was 7.0 versus 7.5 for the colony. Based on vaginal cytology the induced proestrus and estrus lasted 1.7 (0 to 3) and 12.9 (4 to 24) d, respectively, while the spontaneous proestrus and estrus lasted 5.8 (0-17) and 12.8 (9-15) d, respectively. Progesterone profiles were similar between the induced and spontaneous estrous cycles, although the progesterone peak was higher during the spontaneous cycle. The preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge was observed in only one induced estrous cycle. Modest results were obtained with this therapy. However, the litter sizes were normal and the induced cycles were very similar to the physiologic ones. No side effects were seen with the oral form of DES.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Polypoid cystitis, pyelonephritis, and obstructive uropathy in a cow.

Polypoid cystitis, pyelonephritis, and obstructive uropathy was found in a cow with hematuria, dysuria, and colic. The cow was treated with penicillin, multiple B vitamin supplementation, and isotonic sodium chloride. Polypoid cystitis, diagnosed in this cow by use of endoscopic examination, is a common response to chronic inflammation of the bladder and can lead to obstructive uropathy. Although endoscopic confirmation of this diagnosis may not always be feasible, recognition of corresponding clinical signs can allow timely, appropriate treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Images of Quebec's population and society: the learning of diversity].

"Recent studies in social sciences and human genetics have led to the conclusion that the traditional image of [a] highly homogeneous Quebec society needs to be substantially retouched. After a brief presentation of the traditional homogeneity discourse, the author discusses some significant examples of heterogeneity, and suggests some of the revisions these imply." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)

Americas↗
PubMed1990

Fertility in couples heterozygous for the tyrosinemia gene in Saguenay Lac-St-Jean.

A case-control study of 84 couples from Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean, jointly heterozygous for the tyrosinemia gene, was done to determine whether the birth of an homozygous child affected their fertility rates. The mean number of children born to tyrosinemia and control couples between 1940 and 1986 was not different (p greater than 0.05). The knowledge that tyrosinemia was an autosomal recessive disorder, with risk of recurrence in these families, did not appear to modify reproductive behaviour. Fertility fell significantly in both the tyrosinemia and control families in the period of observation. This change reflects the decline in fertility of French Canadians in general during this period.

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
PubMed1989

Origin and diffusion of the myotonic dystrophy gene in the Saguenay region (Quebec).

A very high prevalence (approximately 1/475 in 1985) of myotonic dystrophy (Steinert disease) is observed in the Saguenay region, which is located in the north-east part of the Province of Quebec. For various reasons, however, the literature on the subject generally associates a high degree of selective disadvantage with this gene, which seems to contradict the Saguenay data. Using a computerized regional population register, we have reconstituted patients' genealogies and family biographies. We have thus been able to study the origin of the gene and to compare the demographic behavior of patients and controls. On the whole, patients seem to be very little disadvantaged compared to controls, in terms of reproduction as well as of geographical and occupational mobility.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Genetic structure of the Saguenay, 1852-1911: evidence from migration and isonymy matrices.

The Saguenay is a region in northeastern Québec populated in the second half of the 19th century through migration from other parts of Québec. The present-day population of nearly 300,000 is the result of both immigration and high rates of intrinsic growth. This population has been of interest to geneticists because of the high incidence of certain hereditary diseases, notably spastic ataxia, tyrosinemia, agenesis of the corpus callosum, vitamin D-dependent rickets, and myotonic dystrophy. Parent-offspring migration and isonymy matrices were used to estimate random kinship using the Malécot model for six 10-year time periods from 1852-1911. Comparisons between two estimates of kinship--one from parent-offspring migration matrices (phi) and the other from isonymy (R)--and geographic distance were made using both product-moment and Mantel correlation. Comparisons of within- and between-subdivision kinship were made using nonparametric and Mantel correlation. Within-subdivision kinship from the phi matrix was also compared with kinship estimated from marriage dispensations for endogamous marriages. The estimates of random kinship from the parent-offspring matrices showed a good fit with geography. However, isonymy did not correlate well with geographic distance; and phi and R showed no correlation until the last two time periods, and the diagonal of phi did not correlate with the marriage dispensations. Examination of scatterplots of phi vs. R suggests that nonrandom migration during the process of settlement formation is responsible for the lack of correlation. While movement across space seems to be highly dependent on distance, nonrandom selection of migrants means that between-subdivision estimates of kinship based on migration are not congruent with those obtained by other methods. On the whole, genetic differentiation seems to have been low due to the high levels of movement between subdivisions and immigration. The weak dependence of genetic structure on geographic distances in the present population is demonstrated by mapping the geographic distribution of cases of three recessively inherited diseases.

Emigration and Immigration↗
PubMed1988

[The first generation of the Saguenay population: origin, kinship, and rootedness].

The responsibility of demographic isolation for the high incidence of genetic disorders among the population of the Saguenay region of Quebec, Canada, is explored. The authors reject the view that "a few family founders are the ancestors of most of the current population....Actually, between 1838 and 1911, more than 28,000 immigrants (representing one third of the number of births) settled in Saguenay, a major fact that has to be taken into account if one sets out to explain the genetic structure of this population, particularly if one considers that most of these immigrants came from the same region and were grouped in kin-related families." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)

Americas↗
PubMed1988

[Spreading of the gene for myotonic dystrophy in Saguenay (Quebec)].

The prevalence of the myotonic dystrophy (Steinert disease) is about 1/475 in the Saguenay region, located in the North-east of the province of Québec (Canada). About 600 cases are currently known in a population of 285,000 inhabitants. This disease is an autosomal dominant disorder which causes a general muscular degeneration. Usually, it is also associated with a lower fertility, if not sterility, among the affected families. Another element of the phenotype is a higher infant mortality rate among cases. In the light of those traits, the very high prevalence of the disease in the Saguenay population becomes rather puzzling. It is the subject of this research. Using a computerized population register, we have been able to analyze the genealogies of the patients and their family history. In the overall, two basic factors account for the wide transmission of the gene: a) an immigration stream from a neighbouring region (Charlevoix) may have brought between 57 and 77 patients into the Saguenay since 1840; b) the cases proved to be by and large as fertile as controls (an average of 9.2 births among 85 affected families). The paper also presents a genealogical inference program used to ascertain cases among ancestors, along with data on the history of the gene, nuptiality, geographical and occupational mobility. In the overall, we have not been able to bring out an important selective disadvantage against the patients.

Female↗
PubMed1987

[The social parameters of family reproduction in Saguenay (1842-1911)].

"The family files in the population network files of the Saguenay [Canada] are used here to isolate the social parameters of family reproduction in the region between 1842 and 1911, which corresponds to the period of population settlement. Particular attention is paid to a) the kinship tie as a support of rural society, as studied through several forms of coresidence, b) the inequalities accompanying the transmission of land and the establishment of children, and c) literacy as an indicator of social differentiation. It was observed that, despite disparities created between elder and younger sons and between boys and girls, family reproduction pursued an egalitarian course. This orientation was to be compromised, however, by the tensions and constraints accompanying the saturation of arable lands around 1920 to 1930." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)

Agriculture↗
PubMed1987

[The distribution of surnames in the Saguenay and Charlevoix regions as indicators of population structure in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries].

"This paper presents a statistical analysis of surnames, revealing a striking similarity between the Saguenay and Charlevoix regions in the province of Quebec, since the 19th century. Indeed, a migration study also shows that the former region was created in the 1840's by immigrants coming mostly from the latter. An analysis by decade also shows that the Saguenay population structure has remained relatively stable since the middle of the 19th century. It is suggested that this kind of surnames analysis may be a useful indicator not only of the dynamics of a population, but also of the evolution of the whole gene pool. It seems however to reflect very poorly the movement or diffusion of any deleterious gene in particular." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND SPA)

Americas↗
PubMed1984

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Demography↗
PubMed1978

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Canada↗