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Biomedical subjects

G Boschi

Publications and source records attributed to G Boschi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Differential effects of neuroleptic and serotonergic drugs on amphetamine-induced hypothermia in mice.

Intraventricular administration of amphetamine in mice produced hypothermia. Pretreatment with the dopaminergic (DA) receptor antagonist haloperidol reduced this response, whereas pretreatment with pimozide, sulpiride or cis-flupentixol did not. The direct DA agonist apomorphine strongly potentiated the hypothermia. Pretreatment with the serotonergic (5-HT) receptor blocker cyproheptadine also potentiated the hypothermia. Depletion of 5-HT in brain by p-chlorophenylalanine and accumulation of 5-HT induced by fluoxetine had no effect. In contrast, stimulation of 5-HT receptors by quipazine reduced the hypothermic effect of amphetamine. The inhibitor of catecholamine synthesis alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, the alpha-adrenergic blocker phentolamine and the muscarinic antagonist atropine failed to alter the hypothermia. It was concluded that DA and 5-HT mechanisms are involved in amphetamine-induced hypothermia in mice and that these two systems display a functional antagonism.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effects of an overload of animal protein on the rat: brain DNA alterations and tissue morphological modifications during fetal and post-natal stage.

On account of many literature reports about the definite correlation between high animal protein intake and cardiovascular diseases, we have studied the effect of a hyperproteic purified diet (casein 40%, lactalbumin 20%) on fetal and post-natal (not further than 40th day) stage of the rat, when cell subdivision process is faster and therefore damage by nutritional imbalance is certainly more serious. Litters of rats were grouped according to mother's (either hyperproteic or common basic) and rat's (after lactation) diet. Brain DNA and histology of various organs were studied. Hyperproteic diet during fetal stage and lactation would inhibit brain cell subdivision since overall content of brain DNA would be decreased on autoptic finding. Structural changes were also shown in liver, heart, kidney and adrenal cortex, especially when hyperproteic diet was continued even after lactation.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1984

Effects of a purified diet enriched with animal protein on female rats. Preliminary report.

On account of many epidemiological data showing a definite correlation between mortality from heart disease and animal protein content in the diet, the effect of a 60 days purified diet enriched with casein and lactalbumin has been studied in rats. Although the experimental time was rather short, histological study of the organs has shown morphological alterations of liver, adrenal glands, heart, gastrocnemius muscle and kidney. Determination of some haematic parameters have revealed that from 15th day of diet glucose and triglycerides begin to increase moderately but significantly while azotemia is definitely high only after the 60th day. No changes vice versa were observed of cholesterol, creatinine and electrolytes level.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1983

Thyrotropin releasing hormone-induced hyperthermia in mice: possible involvement of adrenal and pituitary glands.

To investigate the hyperthermic effect of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and its potentiation by exogenous catecholamines (CA), the role of the adrenal medulla and of the pituitary gland was studied in unoperated, adrenal-demedullated or hypophysectomized mice. In unoperated mice, TRH 40 mg kg-1 i.p. produced a hyperthermia which was accompanied by an increase in plasma noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (Ad). NA or Ad, both at a dose of 1 mg kg-1 i.p., enhanced the TRH-induced hyperthermia. Adrenal demedullation suppressed the hyperthermia and the increase of plasma CA produced by TRH but not the potentiation of this hyperthermia by exogenous CA. Hypophysectomy abolished the TRH-induced hyperthermia but not the increase of plasma CA or the potentiation of this hyperthermia by exogenous CA. These results suggest that, in mice, both the adrenal medulla and the pituitary gland play an essential role in TRH-induced hyperthermia but not in its potentiation.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1983

Antinociceptive properties of thyrotropin releasing hormone in mice: comparison with morphine.

1 To investigate the antinociceptive activity of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in mice, different nociceptive stimuli were used. TRH (i.p.) was active in the phenyl-p-benzoquinone or acetic acid-induced writhing tests (chemical stimuli) and in Haffner's test (mechanical stimulus); its action decreased rapidly 15 min after intraperitoneal injection. 2 To determine whether the activity of TRH has a peripheral or central origin, we administered TRH intracerebroventricularly via cannulae previously implanted in mice. The results provide evidence that a central mechanism is involved in the analgesic effect of TRH since when given intracerebroventricularly it was 10,000 and 1,000 times more active against chemical and mechanical stimuli respectively than intraperitoneally. The action of TRH decreased rapidly 5 min after i.c.v. injection. Morphine was studied in these tests and it was found that at the peak effect TRH analgesia (i.c.v.) was greater than that of morphine (i.c.v.) on a molar basis. 3 To investigate the mechanisms involved in the antinociceptive action of TRH, the effects of pretreatment with either agonists or antagonists of noradrenaline (NA), dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), or naloxone were studied. TRH activity was generally resistant to modifications of NA, dopamine and 5-HT systems. The TRH effect was not antagonized by naloxone, but TRH at a non-analgesic dose presented the hyperalgesia induced by naloxone. 4 In conclusion, TRH i.c.v. possessed a short, strong antinociceptive activity against chemical and mechanical stimuli. This analgesia was at least equipotent to that of morphine i.c.v.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1982

[Evaluation of aldosterone, corticosterone, glucose and triglyceride blood levels in pregnant rats fed a high protein diet].

Pregnant rats, Wistar strain, fed a rich protein diet (row casein 40%, milk-albumin 20%) from the beginning or from the eighth day of pregnancy. The comparison with control rats, receiving an usual diet, showed that the high protein intake produced an expressive increase of haematic glucose and triglycerides and a very significant diminution of serum aldosterone and corticosterone, particularly when the experimental diet was begun from the first day of pregnancy. The Authors suppose a damage of adrenal cortex and intend to clarify in a next work this possibility by an histologic study.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1981

Effects of thyrotropin releasing hormone injections into different loci of rat brain on core temperature.

Intracerebral administration of thyrotropin releasing hormone (0.625--80 micrograms) induces moderate hyperthermia in Sprague--Dawley rats. The effect is more pronounced in the medical preoptic nucleus than in the lateral preoptic nucleus, n. accumbens, lateral ventricle and other regions. It lasts longer, however, in the n. accumbens. There is no effect in the stria terminalis. Hyperthermia is probably of central origin since intraperitoneal administration (20--80 mg/kg) under the same conditions has no clear effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Implantation of an intracerebral cannula in the mouse.

A technique for implanting a permanent stainless steel cannula into the lateral ventricles of mice is described. The model is of particular interest because it permits study of the behavioral effects of acute or repeated administrations of substances in the brains of conscious mice. The method can be used for injection into parenchymal structures. A study of dexamphetamine effects on body temperature is presented to demonstrate the use of this technique.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Assay of brain and liver DNA, determination of body growth and of some blood parameters in rats subjected to protein malnutrition during fetal and post-natal development].

The Authors studied the effects of proteinic malnutrition when it occurred at various periods in the life of rats: the last 10 days of fetal life; nursing (the first 3 weeks of life); after weaning (up to 42 day). The results show that:--the growth in weight of the animals was severely restrained when protein deficiency occurred in post-natal life;--in any case, the blood levels of hematocrit, hemoglobin and proteins were significantly lowered;--organ functions and development were greatly compromised if malnutrition occurred during the period of their cell division. In fact, a brain damage, estimated by protein and DNA modifications, is the result of protein deficiency in pre-natal and, particularly, in nursing period. The hepatic damage, instead, becomes more evident in post-natal life and specially after weaning since the cell division in the liver continues for a much longer period of time.

Aging↗
PubMed1980

Induction of wet-dog shakes by intracerebral 'acid' TRH in rats.

Less than Glu-His-Pro-OH or 'acid' TRH, until now considered to be an inactive metabolite of TRH, induces in rats when administered intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.), stereotyped behavior and, from 12.5 micrograms, wet-dog shakes (WDS). WDS induced by 200 micrograms less than Glu-His-Pro-OH are antagonized by apomorphine, haloperidol and cyproheptadine while phentolamine and naloxone are without effect. For this action 'acid' TRH appears as effective as TRH itself and might have the same mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of diet with different protein content on rats during gestation: repercussion on pregnancy development and litter size. Preliminary note].

Pregnant rats, Wistar strain, were treated from day 11 of gestation with synthetic diets containing different amounts of protein. The Group of rats fed a severely deficient protein diet (4% of casein, 2% of lactalbumin) showed reduced hematocrit, hemoglobin, total protein and an expressive increase of gamma globulins compared with rats treated with normal or elevated protein levels. Weight gain during pregnancy was higher for rats which received a larger amount of protein; on the contrary those that were subjected to malnutrition had no weight gain and bore prematurely with high percent of foetal mortality.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

[Fat embolism].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Possible interpretation errors in studying the pelvis in children. Description of 2 clinical cases].

The Authors describe two clinical cases in which the report of an abnormal conformation of the pubic bones required a careful differential diagnosis between a pathological condition and physiological variants of the normal ossification. Considering the different ways of this process of ossification, the pediatrician and the radiologist can avoid a wrong diagnosis with considerable consequences for the little patient.

Child↗