[Urinary crystalluria. A debatable problem].
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Calcium Oxalate↗
Biomedical subjects
G Biagini
Publications and source records attributed to G Biagini.
Stromal cells in primary myelofibrosis: ultrastructural observations.
The bone marrows of five patients with primary myelofibrosis at different stages of the disease have been studied. In the myelofibrotic bone marrow, associated with "reticulum cells", two other cell types have been identified, namely fibroblast-like and myofibroblast-like reticulum cells, as well as a spectrum of transitional forms. Our findings suggest that reticulum cells may represent a reserve stromal cell pool (i.e. primitive reticulum cells) able to modulate themselves and to transform differently according to functional requirements. Some suggestions regarding the functional significance of fibroblast-like and myofibroblast-like reticulum cells in primary myelofibrosis are suggested.
Biopsy↗
Sequential behaviour of extracellular matrix glycoproteins in an experimental model of hepatic fibrosis.
The behaviour of extracellular matrix glycoproteins (fibronectin, laminin, basement membrane heparan-sulphate proteoglycan, type III, IV and V collagens) has been investigated in a sequential model of experimental hepatic fibrosis, using an immunofluorescence technique. The presence of some basement membrane macromolecules (such as type IV and V collagens, laminin and basement membrane heparan-sulphate proteoglycan) is detectable only in the early stages of septa formation, while type III collagen and fibronectin persist in late septa. These data suggest that hepatic fibroplasia proceeds through different steps in which stromal glycoproteins are preferentially engaged, as happens during organogenesis.
Animals↗
T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia: a clinical and immunological study.
2 cases of T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia (T-PLL) were investigated for their reactivity with a series of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) as well as for the cytochemical expression and functional activity of the pathological cells. Both patients showed morphological (large cells with abundant cytoplasm and eccentric and irregularly shaped nucleus with large and prominent nucleoli) and clinical (high leucocyte count and splenomegaly) features typical of T-PLL. The cells from 1 patient expressed a helper/inducer phenotype (T4+, T8-) and were reactive with the anti-Tac (interleukin-2 receptor) MoAb, while the other case co-expressed both the T4 and the T8 antigens. The response to phytohaemagglutinin and the natural killer activity (assessed by 51chromium release) were significantly reduced in both cases, while the helper capacity, tested in a pokeweed mitogen-driven system, was maintained only in the 1st case. This latter case which expressed a more mature phenotype (T4+, T8-) responded well to chemotherapy.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Mechanically isolated hepatocytes are unsuitable to detect antibodies directed against plasma membrane determinants.
The ultrastructural morphology of mechanically and enzymatically isolated hepatocytes was compared. Plasma membrane integrity was evaluated by electron microscopy, both in the absence and in the presence of ruthenium red, which stains cell coat glycoproteins and makes it possible to identify even partially permeable cells, and by indirect immunofluorescence using experimental antibodies directed against epithelial submembranous components (prekeratin, actin). In order to evaluate the antigenic integrity of the hepatocellular plasma membrane after the isolation procedures, an immuno-electronmicroscopical technique (Staph. pA-colloidal gold) was applied using the IgG fraction from two liver-kidney microsomal antibody (LKM) positive sera, known to react with both plasma membranes and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). Enzymatic procedure made it possible to isolate hepatocytes with a good preservation of both plasma membranes and subcellular organelles. Ruthenium red staining was confined to plasma membranes, thus indicating the preservation of both cell-coat glycoproteins and plasma membrane. Most cells were negative after exposure to experimental antibodies. After exposure to LKM positive sera colloidal gold was strictly confined to the plasma membrane. On the other hand, mechanically isolated hepatocytes showed wide interruptions of the plasma membrane and gross alterations of subcellular organelles. Most cells were stained by ruthenium red, thus confirming the plasma membrane permeability. In addition, a linear peripheral positivity was found in the vast majority of the cells tested with anti-prekeratin and anti-actin antibodies. LKM-colloidal gold complexes were found at the level of both residual plasma membrane and SER.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Actins↗
Neurosecretory-like granules in non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas.
A case of high-grade non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma with an immunologically proven B-cell origin is reported; 20 to 30 per cent of the neoplastic cells displayed electron-dense neurosecretory-like granules at the ultrastructural level. This observation confirms the existence of such a finding in lymphomatous growths and stresses its irrelevance in the differential diagnosis between non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas and apudomas.
Adult↗
Morphological characterization of stationary reticulum cells of the stromal in the mesenteric lymph node of the guinea pig.
The large mesenteric lymph node taken from guinea pigs in a period of time ranging from the 10th day prepartum till the 26th day postpartum has been examined in order to study: the morphological features of the stromal stationary reticulum cells with particular regard to recognize their stages of development; the possible ontogenetic relationship between these cells during the maturation of the lymphoid tissue. Our data support the hypothesis that from local mesenchymal cells originates a pool of poorly differentiated reticulum cells that can give rise to stromal stationary reticulum cells (myofibroblast-like cells, fibroblast-like cells, pericyte-like cells and dendritic cells). These elements have a characteristic distribution pattern likely related to different local functional requirements.
Aging↗
[Syphilitic pleuritis. Description of a clinical case].
A rare case of luetic pleurisy diagnosed in a patient with tertiary syphilis, when the aetiological agent was discovered in the pleuritic exudate is described. The spirochaetes, first revealed by dark field microscopy, were studied further under the electron microscope, using negative colouring and fine sections.
Humans↗
Relationship between connective tissue cells and fibronectin in a sequential model of experimental hepatic fibrosis.
The cellular and non-cellular components of fibrous septa formed at early and late stages in a sequential model of experimental hepatic fibrosis have been investigated using ultrastructural and immunocytochemical techniques. In the early septa, cells with intermediate features between lobular Ito cells and active fibroblasts were formed. These cells frequently displayed subplasmalemmal microfilaments (myofibroblast-like cells). Macrophages were also present. Scanty typical fibroblasts were present in the late septa. This cellular recruitment might be related to an extracellular glycoprotein-fibronectin-which is at present under investigation as a chemotactic factor for fibroblasts. Strong positivity for fibronectin in early septa and its sharp decrease in late septa seems to support this view. Fibroblasts and/or macrophages are the likely source of fibronectin synthesis.
Animals↗
Cytoplasmic foreign material in liver and spleen. An iatrogenic complication of haemodialysis.
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Acute Kidney Injury↗
A post-embedding method: demonstration of fibronectin on human liver by PAP technique.
Fibronectin, one of the most relevant components of extracellular matrix, seems to mediate cell to cell and cell to substrate interactions by means of selective links with collagen fibrils and glycosaminoglycans. Post-embedding technique using PAP method has allowed us a precise localization of fibronectin on semi-thin sections and on adjacent thin sections, improving the knowledge of fibronectin-collagen relationships.
Fibronectins↗
Establishment of a Ph1-positive human cell line (BV173).
A new cell line (BV173) derived from a patient with Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive acute leukemia was compared with the Ph1-positive K562 and NALM-1 lines, which display the phenotypic characteristics of erythroid and pre-B cells, respectively. BV173 cells retained the Ph1 chromosome and had the morphologic and cytochemical features of undifferentiated blast cells. They lacked the membrane characteristics of mature B- or T-lymphocytes and did not react with monoclonal antibodies to the myelomonocytic cell lineage. Although they reacted with anti-glycophorin A antiserum, they failed to produce hemoglobin after butyric acid treatment. This line was similar to NALM-1 in that it bore common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen and la-like antigen, reacted with monoclonal antibodies directed against early stages of hematopoietic cell differentiation, and presented the nuclear enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. However, it differed from NALM-1 because it did not express cytoplasmic IgM, a marker of pre-B-cells. The new line can be considered a clonal expansion of leukemia cells blocked at an earlier differentiation stage than that for the other Ph1-positive cell lines.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Ultrastructural aspects of human prostate in benign prostatic hyperplasia.
The ultrastructural morphology of the prostate in benign prostatic hypertrophy has been studied with particular attention focused on features of prostatic secretory processes and the formation of "corpora amylacea." Morphological and cytochemical comparisons of prostatic secretory vacuoles and multivesicular bodies have been carried out, and the secretory mechanisms of the prostate have been further defined by scanning electron microscopy.
Humans↗
TdT-positive and TdT-negative human leukemic cells: specific density and morphology.
Peripheral blood cells from 9 E- and 6 D+ SIg- ALL patients and from 11 CML patients in TdT+ blastic crisis were subjected to discontinuous albumin gradient separation according to Dicke's method, and TdT assayed in the six fractions recovered therefrom. The major results were: (i) in E- ALL and in CML-BC, TdT+ cells could be recovered either within a narrow range of specific densities or were spread over most of the gradient, which might suggest differences in cell maturation among the patients; (ii) in some instances, most leukemic blasts were found in TdT-negative or faintly positive fractions; (iii) in most, but not all, E- All and BC, the majority of TdT+ cells was found in low density fractions; (iv) all E+ ALL had high density TdT+ cells. Cell Fractions of most patients were also examined at the electron microscope, and correlations between morphology and marker characterization were tentatively drawn.
Cell Separation↗
Immunological tubulo-interstitial deposits in IgA nephropathy.
Fifty-one patients with IgA nephritis and tubulo-interstitial lesions of various degrees were studied to define the frequency of tubulo-interstitial immunological involvement and whether or not it may hold any significance for the course of the nephropathy. The follow-up lasted 8 to 15 years from the first clinical sign of nephropathy. By immunofluorescence, tubulo-interstitial deposits involving 10 to 35% of proximal tubules were found in 19 patients, consisting of C3 in all patients, IgG and IgA in two patients, respectively, and IgM in four. Using electron microscopy dense deposits along the tubular membrane were not found in these patients. Mononuclear infiltrates and tubular basement membrane thickening were observed more frequently by light microscopy in patients with tubulo-interstitial deposits, but they did not correlate with glomerular immunofluorescence or with glomerular cellularity or sclerosis. Twenty-one out of the 51 patients studied presented a reduction in renal function at the end of the follow-up. A significant correlation (P less than 0.001) was found between the decrease in renal function and the presence of tubulo-interstitial deposits. Four of these patients progressed toward endstage renal failure in less than 5 years, despite moderate glomerular changes at the first renal biopsy, while severe tubulo-interstitial damage with immunoglobulin and complement deposition was present. Our results suggest that tubulo-interstitial immunological deposits may have a role in the evolution of IgA nephropathy.
Adolescent↗
Platelets in primary thrombocythemia: electron microscopic study.
The ultrastructural analysis of platelets from patients with Primary Thrombocythemia (PT) showed some anomalous features. Platelets having structural modifications of their organelles were observed and a decrease in the number of dense bodies was seen. Freeze-fracture analysis of the plasma membrane of platelets from PT patients showed a significant increase in the number of intramembranous particles (IMP).
Adult↗
Ph1-negative T lymphocytic colonies in agar cultures of peripheral blood in chronic myeloid leukemia.
T lymphocytic colony formation by peripheral lymphocytes separated by discontinuous albumin gradient centrifugation was evaluated in 8 patients with Philadelphia (Ph1)-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Colonies were obtained using a liquid-on-agar culture system recently introduced (PHA overlayer-leukocyte feeder layer assay) which has been shown to be simple and reliable. The pattern of colony growth in CML and in normal controls was similar, the peak ranging from the 4th to the 6th day. Also the morphological aspects of colonies did not differ in the two groups. Cells recovered from CML lymphocytic colonies were shown to belong to T cell lineage, as they are able to form spontaneous E-rosettes and to respond to mitogenic stimulation in vitro. In contrast, cells recovered from all other cultured fractions failed to display these properties. Cytogenetic analysis showed that T colony cells were Ph1-negative whereas the chromosome anomaly was found in nonlymphoid colonies of the same patients, thus suggesting a nonclonal origin of T lymphocytes in CML.
Agar↗
In vitro culture and ultrastructure analysis of peripheral blood cells separated by discontinuous albumin density gradient during blast crisis of chronic granulocyte leukemia.
Peripheral blood from 4 patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia during blast crisis has been investigated. One case has been studied before and after treatment with Arabinosyl-Cytosine and 6-Thioguanine. The nucleated blood cells have been separated by a discontinuous density gradient. Cells were obtained from six different gradient fractions (F1-F6: density ranging from 1.052 to 1.078). 0.5 X 10(5) cells from each density fraction have been cultured in agar culture system to evaluate the granulocyte-monocyte committed stem cells (Colony Forming Units-granulocyte monocyte: CFU-GM). Cells recovered from the same density fractions have been studied by electron microscopy to evaluate the number of less differentiated cells. A quantitative correlation between plating efficiency and blast cells number was carried out. The results indicate that the highest recovery of both CFU-GM and blast cells is present in light density fractions (specific density below 1.063). However a discrepancy between blast cell frequency and granulocyte-monocyte colony formation in the same density fractions appears to be evident. In the patient studied before and after treatment it appears that only one out of two light density fractions (F1) responds to the antiblastic treatment.
Blood Cells↗