Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G B White

Publications and source records attributed to G B White.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The changed pattern of malaria endemicity and transmission at Amani in the eastern Usambara mountains, north-eastern Tanzania.

Parasitological and entomological studies on malaria were conducted between 1980 and 1982 on the Amani hills in the eastern Usambara mountains of north-eastern Tanzania. Malaria vectors were scarce on the Amani hills until the late 1960s and it was generally presumed that any cases of malaria transmission must have been contracted by people while visiting lower altitudes where malaria is holoendemic. However, the malaria vectors Anopheles funestus and An. gambiae have both become more abundant during the 1970s and 1980s and sporozoite-positive specimens of both have been found. Malaria asexual parasite rates have been shown to have increased, for instance from 52.7% in 1980 to 53.8% and 63.7% in 1981 and 1982, respectively. The percentage of parasitized children aged below 1 year whose parents report that they have not visited lowland localities away from the Amani hills has increased, from 71.4% in 1980 to 80.0% and 91.0% in 1981 and 1982, respectively, suggesting possible local malaria acquisition. These parameters have been confirmed by increasing sporozoite rates from 0.0% in 1967-1971 to 0.09% in May-June 1973 and 11.1% in August and December 1980. Various factors including climatological changes and increased agricultural activities are attributable to this changed malaria endemicity and transmission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Teaching ethics using games.

Many students find analysis of ethical dilemmas difficult due to the ambiguity and uncertainty they see in these situations. Games have been developed and are used in a wide variety of educational experiences. An ethics game entitled 'Rights: Helter Skelter' has been used with nursing students in their first course focused on ethics and nursing. This game enhances their ability to tolerate high levels of uncertainty while they analyse ethical dilemmas.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMed1985

Nosema algerae (Nosematidae, Microsporida): laboratory infections of Anopheles larvae and prospects for field application.

Different larval instars of Anopheles arabiensis were infected experimentally using different dosages of Nosema algerae spores. The N. algerae infections killed most of the exposed larvae at the instar treated. Chronic infections in adults developing from treated larvae decreased fecundity and shortened the life of the adults. The possibility of applying N. algerae as a control agent against An. arabiensis larvae is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Two cases of falciparum malaria acquired in Britain.

Two cases of severe falciparum malaria contracted in the United Kingdom occurred in residents of Sussex, living 10 and 15 km from Gatwick airport. One patient was the landlord of a public house much frequented by aircrew, and the other was the wife of a worker at the airport, who travelled close to the public house on the probable date she contracted her infection. Transmission was most probably due to the bite of an infected imported tropical anopheline mosquito transported in a vehicle from the aircraft to the site of transmission during the very hot and humid weather of July 1983. Prevention of further cases depends on increased diligence in "blocks-away" destruction of insects in aircraft flying from endemic areas, but there is a need for more study of acceptable alternative ways of delivering the insecticide. This "airport malaria" is well recognised on the continent, and physicians should be aware of its existence in those who have not travelled abroad but live or work near international airports.

Aircraft↗
PubMed1980

Rubella antibody measured by radial haemolysis. Characteristics and performance of a simple screening method for use in diagnostic laboratories.

A simple method for preparing radial haemolysis gels for rubella antibody screening is described. In use it gave clear zones of haemolysis when a standard serum was tested at dilutions down to 5.6 i.u./ml rubella antibody. In five laboratories 8404 sera were screened by the method and the results were read by comparing zones of haemolysis with that of a standard serum diluted to contain 15 i.u/ml antibody. A zone greater than or equal to 15 i.u./ml, indicating immunity, was given by 7433 (88.4%) of the sera. No zone indicating susceptibility was seen with 748 (8.9%) sera. Small zones, less than 15 i.u./ml standard, were given by 189 (2.2%) sera, and in only 34 cases (0.4%) did non-specific haemolysis interfere with the test readings. Further testing of the radial haemolysis interfere with the test readings. Further testing of the radial haemolysis negative and low positive sera by the haemagglutination inhibition test gave rise to some discrepant results which are discussed.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1977

Aetiology of juvenile-onset diabetes. A prospective study.

110 people in whom insulin-dependent diabetes developed when they were less than 30 years old were studied as soon as possible after diagnosis. There was evidence for clustering of cases with BW15-positive phenotypes during the winter peak (1976) but not during the autumn peak (1975). Subjects who were BW15-positive, and in particular those who were both B8 and BW15-positive, had higher neutralising antibody titres to Coxsackle virus types B1-B4 58% of cases had islet-cell antibodies (I.C.A.), but the presence of I.C.A. was not correlated with HLA phenotypes or viral antibody titres. In 41 subjects (37%), who gave a definite history of antecedent illness, evidence indicated that this was a precipitating infection and not the initiating event producing islet-cell damage. Nearly half the subjects had had diabetic symptoms for more than 4 weeks before diagnosis.

Adolescent↗