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Biomedical subjects

G Arvis

Publications and source records attributed to G Arvis.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Infection of the sperm in male sterility].

Sperm infection is a classic cause of infertility. But, it cannot be considered without a minimum of precautions. First, infection of the sperm must be proven (presence of altered leucocytes, even higher than 10(5) or 10(6)/ml is not sufficient). What are the consequences of sperm infection? For many germs, especially chlamydiae and mycoplasma, the effect on sperm is not recognized or demonstrated. Once the infection is recognized, an etiology must be found: unrecognized chronic urethritis, prostatitis and/or chronic vesiculitis, chronic epididymitis. The infection must be adequately treated: according to the germ, according to the results of the resistance to antibiotics, according to the etiology. The author concludes that a true sperm infection is very rare; but it must be looked for as soon as it is suspected, especially in patients with a recent history of genital infection. Therefore an effective treatment of infertility is possible.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1988

[Priapism after cavernography. Report of an original case].

The authors report a case of priapism following cavernography with secondary fibrosis of the corpora cavernosa demonstrated histologically. They stress the importance of a rigorous cavernography technique which must take account of the respective tissue toxicity of the various contrast media used.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Transurethral resection of the prostate under local transurethral anesthesia. Apropos of 18 cases].

The authors have used this method in 14 patients with a total of 18 transurethral resections under local anaesthesia. This technique is reserved for patients unsuitable for general anaesthesia or loco-regional anaesthesia and in whom prostatic resection is essential. The mean mass resected is 10 g, but with experience, it should be possible to resect 20 to 30 g. The technique is simple and the results are comparable to those of standard transurethral resections, apart from the fact that these patients are usually particularly elderly or fragile subjects.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[The value of echography in scrotal contusions. Personal experience apropos of 20 cases].

We report a serial case study of 20 patients presenting scrotal contusions and for whom an emergency scrotal ultrasonography was performed. This investigation is not a luxury. It was a useful confirmation diagnostic tool for hematocele in 1/3 of cases (7/20) as well as for the detection of associated epididymal and or testicular lesions. In 2/3 of cases (13/20) it detected lesions unsuspected by clinical examination so that a therapeutic decision was taken promptly. Scrotal echography is therefore a useful emergency tool not for major trauma where the surgical decision is evident, but for apparently benign trauma where the clinical examination is currently deficient and needs provided a trained ultrasonography operator is available.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Effects of chemical and radiographic factors on the treatment of renal lithiasis using extracorporeal external shock-wave lithotripsy].

The systematic collection and filtration of urine for three days after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ECSWL) has enabled the chemical analysis of the stones treated in 90% of cases. We have been able to demonstrate a correlation between the chemical nature and the mode of fragmentation of the stones. Calcium oxalate monohydrate, brushite and cystine stones form fairly large, well separated, angular fragments with sharp edges. Calcium oxalate dihydrate, calcium phosphate and magnesium ammonium-phosphate (struvite) stones are reduced to an amorphous dust. These findings have direct therapeutic implications, as it is absolutely essential to make sure that no large stone fragments are left in the urinary tract after lithotripsy. These elements led us to try to evaluate the chemical nature and the hardness of the stones on the basis of the radiological findings, in order to adopt the best possible therapeutic strategy. Calcium oxalate dihydrate stones have a striated, spiky and non-homogeneous appearance on plain X-rays. They are frequently responsible for filling defects on intravenous pyelography. They are friable stones which are easily fragmented. In contrast, calcium oxalate monohydrate stones present a regular homogeneous opacity on plain X-rays with no filling defect on intravenous pyelography. These stones are hard and are broken up, with difficulty, into large fragments on the initial fluoroscopic images at the start of treatment. Many stones have a mixed composition (calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dihydrate and calcium phosphates): the plain X-ray does not provide sufficient information and the presence of a filling defect on intravenous pyelography may or may not be suggestive of a friable stone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed1987

[Primary solid tumors of the epididymis. Apropos of 4 cases of benign tumor and one case of malignant mesothelioma].

Based on a series of 5 tumours of the epididymis, the authors recall the relative frequency of primary solid tumours of the epididymis. They present 2 benign mesotheliomas and discuss the various histogenetic theories for their development, one fibroma, one haemangio-fibro-leiomyoma and one malignant mesothelioma of the cord, invading the epididymis. These are rare tumours (Broth's review of the literature revealed 278 cases in the world, consisting of 209 benign tumours (75%) and 69 malignant tumours (25%). The most frequent benign tumour is the mesothelioma (75% of the benign tumours), formerly referred to as an "adenomatoid tumour". Its histogenesis is still controversial (epithelial or mesothelial origin). The mesothelial theory is the more widely accepted. According to the majority of authors, malignant mesothelioma of the epididymis does not exist, but our case of malignant tumour questions this concept. The other tumours consist of benign and malignant mesenchymal, epithelial or dysembryoplastic tumours. The borderline with spermatic cord tumours is not always easy to define. The authors recall the value of comparative scrotal ultrasonography for the topographical diagnosis of tumours of the epididymis and testicular tumours and the differential diagnosis with certain epididymal cysts.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Lipids in the urine after extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy].

Lipid corpuscles have been found in the urine in about 40 per cent of women (4/10) after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, however this lipuria is very rare in men (1 or 2 per cent of cases) and less pronounced. During three days after treatment, this post-therapeutic lipuria was found to be independent of the age of patients, of the site of the calculi, of their chemical composition or of the number of shock waves administered. This lipuria probably results from the liquefaction of peri-pelvic fat tissue by exothermic reaction. These lipid corpuscles consist mostly of triglycerides and to a lesser extent phospholipids with a very small proportion of cholesterol and fatty acids.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Right ovarian vein syndrome].

Right ovarian vein syndrome is revealed in pregnancy by right lumbar pains, and even by nephritic colics. It results from a congenital malposition of the right ovarian vein, which presses the right ureter on the external iliac artery. Diagnosis is by intravenous urography and retrograde ureteral pyelography. If pain persists despite treatment by analgesics, it may be necessary to place a double-J catheter, and to operate after delivery to ligate the ovarian vein.

Analgesia↗