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Biomedical subjects

G Andersson

Publications and source records attributed to G Andersson.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A new method for intraoral patch testing.

Intraoral patch testing was performed in 3 subjects, 2 of whom were contact sensitive to nickel. Maxillary acrylic plates carrying test pieces containing 66% nickel were applied for 48 h, and readings were performed 24 h after removal. Few if any clinical signs were detected, but biopsies from the mucosal contact sites showed lichenoid reactions. Biopsies from control sites showed no or slight non-specific inflammatory reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Selective damage to S3-segments in post-ischemic kidney as demonstrated by a simple histochemical method.

A histochemical method combining an intravital dye-exclusion test and a staining for calcium, Alizarin red S, was used for the evaluation of irreversible ischemic injury in rat kidney. The method was found to allow an easy and rapid evaluation of the extent of irreversible post-ischemic injury, and selective damage to the S3-segments of proximal tubules could be demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Regional differences in evoked response latencies in the cat motor cortex (area 4 gamma).

The latencies of responses evoked in the cat motor cortex (area 4 gamma) on contralateral forelimb nerve stimulation were measured. In the caudolateral part, the latencies were 4-5 ms on ulnar and superficial radial nerve stimulation. Further, rostromedially the response latencies were longer, 7-9 ms. The latency-to-peak of the evoked responses was also measured and showed a parallel increase. In many cases, inflexions could be observed on the rising phase of the evoked potential, indicating that it consisted of several components. In most experiments, four components (I-IV) were observed. Their mean latencies were 4.3, 6.0, 7.2 and 8.5 ms, respectively. The early components were largest in the caudolateral part of area 4 gamma and decreased when recording further rostromedially such that, in the anterior sigmoid gyrus, usually only component IV could be recorded. The findings suggest that the cat motor cortex is functionally divided into regions which can be identified by their peripheral input latencies.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Risk factors and reported sick leave among employees of Saab-Scania, Linköping, Sweden, between the ages of 50 and 59.

An investigation group, consisting of all 1313 employees in the age range 50-59 years, in 1975 was called during working time to the Company's Physical Training Centre to have certain risk factors assessed. The evaluation included an interview which covered risk factors such as smoking and exercise habits and measurements such as systolic blood pressure, height, weight and certain anthropometric measurements. Information was also obtained from the personnel records regarding sex, age, form of employment, education code and reported sick leave in 1974 and 1975 for the workers, and between 1970 and 1975 for the salaried employees. The total number of dropouts was 238, or 18%. Absenteeism among those who did not participate in the interview and measurements was markedly higher than for those who did. The fact that this group dropped out of the investigation implies a high risk and a need for preventive programmes. The single risk factor that showed the strongest connection with absenteeism was a low degree of physical activity during leisure hours. The design of this study as a cross-section investigation limits its use to assessing the current degree of correlation between different risk factors and absenteeism. We cannot, then, predict future illness on the basis of these findings.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1986

Who were reached by and participated in a one year newspaper health information campaign?

In 1977-1978 the newspaper Ostgöta Correspondenten (Corren) had a one year campaign for better health. The campaign was called "Piggare med Corren" (Get fit with the Corren) and included anti-smoking, dietary and exercise components. It was given great publicity in the newspaper. The purposes of this investigation were to examine the changes in dietary, exercise and smoking habits of the registered participants, the effects on well-being related to those changes, and to determine the effects of the campaign on the whole population of the city of Linköping. This article focuses upon questionnaire response, dropout and participation. Information on the registrants was collected by registration forms, monthly reports, fitness tests and questionnaires. 62% answered the questionnaire. Those who did not return the questionnaire were also studied. Most of the people in Linkping knew of the campaign, but only a small number registered (2.5%). There was greater response among women between the ages of 30-49; and less among those who had poor dietary, exercise or smoking habits. Most inclined to answer the questionnaires were those who had comparatively better exercise and smoking habits before the campaign. This group also improved their exercise habits and capacities for absorbing oxygen (VO2 max).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Changes in self-reported experienced health and psychosomatic symptoms in voluntary participants in a 1-year extensive newspaper exercise campaign.

Starting in 1977 the newspaper Ostgötacorrespondenten carried through a 1-year health information campaign in Linköping. The campaign included exercise, dietary and anti-smoking components. It was given a great deal of space in the paper with special supplements almost every week. The purpose of the study is to throw light upon self-reported changed general well-being and experienced psychosomatic symptoms and health of the participants in this campaign. 2,887 persons registered voluntarily for the campaign. After the campaign a questionnaire was sent to the 1,568 participants who had been the most active in the campaign. 935 persons (60%) answered the questionnaire. One fourth of the participants with headache, back pain, stomach problems or sleeping trouble before the campaign experienced that their symptoms had decreased during the campaign, primarily due to changed exercise habits. Half of the participants reported that their general well-being was better and 42% experienced themselves healthier as a result of changed health habits in connection with the campaign. In the group that felt healthier, almost twice as many, 62% compared with 34%, had increased their exercising compared with those who experienced themselves as neither healthier nor less healthy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

One-month versus six-month therapy with oral anticoagulants after symptomatic deep vein thrombosis.

The length of time for which deep vein thrombosis (DVT) should be treated with oral anticoagulants (OA) is controversial. In this study, 135 patients with symptomatic first period DVT (83% with proximal DVT) were randomly allocated to OA for one or six months. The diagnosis of initial and recurrent DVT was confirmed by phlebography or plethysmography and thermography, or by a combination of all these methods. Pulmonary emboli were confirmed by lung scans or at autopsy. The patients were followed for at least one year. One patient had to discontinue OA prematurely because of haemorrhage. Seventeen patients left the project for other reasons, ten during and seven after therapy; in one of these DVT recurred. The recurrence rate during the first year was high (17% symptomatic recurrences) irrespective of whether OA had been given for one or six months.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Patient attitudes in short-term psychiatric care. Relations to social and psychiatric background, clinical symptoms, and treatment model.

The attitudes of patients were measured after 4 days and at discharge during two 4-month periods. The attitudes were related to ratings of symptoms, patient background, and type of treatment contract used (cooperation or staff-directed). The patients were generally satisfied with their treatment. A mere 7% disapproved of the general ward structure. The attitude data were subjected to a factor analysis and a 7-factor solution explaining 70% of the variance was found to be suitable. The factors were labelled Ward Structure, Key Worker, Nursing Care, Group Treatment, Psychopharmacological Treatment, Social Network, and Other Patients. A high level of satisfaction in the Ward Structure, Nursing Care, Psychopharmacological Treatment, and Other Patients factors was found to be related to a lower incidence of symptoms at discharge. The staff-contract group showed more favourable attitudes in the Nursing Care factor (both initially and at discharge) and the Psychopharmacological Treatment factor (only initially), while the cooperation-contract group did so in the Social Network factor. It is suggested that the two contract procedures resulted in the development of different kinds of interpersonal relationships during treatment, the cooperation group relying more on the social network, whereas the staff-contract group was more apt to rely on psychopharmacological treatment and on the nursing staff.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed1985

Phrenic nerve stimulation (diaphragm pacing) in respiratory paralysis.

Phrenic nerve stimulators (diaphragm pacers) were implanted in 16 patients with partial or total respiratory insufficiency due to high cervical medullary lesions and brain stem lesions (14 cases) or central hypoventilation syndrome (2 cases). At 5-72 months' follow-up (M = 35) 12 patients are entirely independent of conventional respirator, 2 of them after 8 years of total respirator dependency. Two patients are dead and the final 2 cases had limited help from diaphragm pacing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Characterization and subcellular distribution of somatogenic receptor in rat liver.

Binding of [125I]iodobovine GH [( 125I]iodo-bGH) to rat liver microsomes and Golgi/endosomal fractions isolated from male and female rats has been characterized. Binding of bGH to a pure somatogenic site was suggested by the finding that 50% inhibition of [125I]iodo-bGH binding required 5-130 ng bGH, rGH, or hGH/incubation, while around 500 ng rat PRL/incubation were needed to obtain the same effect. Binding of [125I]iodo-bGH to microsomes and Golgi/endosomes was time, temperature, and protein dependent. Maximal specific binding occurred at 15-16 and 15-20 h at 22 C in Golgi and microsomal membranes, respectively. Subcellular distribution studies demonstrated in the Golgi/endosomal fractions compared to the total particulate fraction, while residual microsomes devoid of Golgi/endosomal-derived components were approximately 2-fold enriched. Low levels of somatogenic receptors were detected in lysosome-enriched fractions. Removal of endogenous ligand by treating Golgi/endosomal membranes with 3 M MgCl2 increased specific binding of bGH about 2- to 3-fold. These results indicate that approximately 50% of specific somatogenic binding sites in the low density fractions represent internalized ligand-receptor complexes. The level of rat liver somatogenic receptors did not show a pronounced sex differentiation; however, an endocrine dependence of somatogenic receptor levels is suggested by the finding that livers from rats in the late stages of pregnancy had a level of somatogenic receptors exceeding that of nonpregnant rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase activity of rat submandibular gland after pilocarpine stimulation.

gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT) activity of the rat submandibular gland was studied after pilocarpine stimulation. After a single i.p. dose pilocarpine or physiologic saline the animals were sacrificed in intervals within 24 h p.i. The glands were homogenized and enzyme activity was calculated by measuring the release of p-nitroanilid per minute where rates of product formation were linear towards time and DNA-concentration. The specific activity of gamma-GT rapidly declined after pilocarpine injection until 3-6 h p.i. when a plateau stage was seen. During 6-24 h p.i. the gamma-GT activity slowly increased but never reached the original level. The controls receiving physiologic saline showed only a slight reduction of gamma-GT activity. However, in the control animals the initial level of enzyme activity was restored after 24 h. A depletion of cellular glutathione by pilocarpine is unlikely to explain the decrease of gamma-GT activity observed. The results indicate that pilocarpine affects the enzyme itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

HLA-DR beta genes vary in number between different DR specificities, whereas the number of DQ beta genes is constant.

Probes isolated from DR and DQ beta cDNA and genomic clones were used in hybridizations to restriction enzyme-digested DNA from human homozygous typing cells (HTC) as well as other DR homozygous cells in order to estimate the number of beta genes in the DR/DQ class II region. Varying numbers of DR beta genes were found in HTC of different DR specificities, from possibly one in DR 8 cells to three in cells of DR 2 to 7. The DR beta genes of different specificities seem to be related to one another in a distinct fashion. In contrast, all HTC contain two DQ beta genes per chromosome. The restriction site polymorphism of DQ beta genes is considerably more extensive than that of DQ serology, although one of the genes seems to be nonpolymorphic. In addition to the two DP beta genes identified previously, a minimum of three to five DQ and DR beta genes exist in the human haploid genome.

DNA Restriction Enzymes↗
PubMed1985

Production of IL 2 and IFN-gamma by T cells from malaria patients in response to Plasmodium falciparum or erythrocyte antigens in vitro.

T cells from patients acutely infected with malaria exhibit a disease-related stimulation of DNA synthesis in response to Plasmodium falciparum antigen in vitro. This response is weak and short-lived, suggestive of induction of suppressor mechanisms. Exogenous T cell growth factor (IL 2) that was added to antigen-stimulated T cell cultures enhanced proliferation in antigen-responsive cultures, indicating that the lymphocytes expressed IL 2 receptors. In contrast, the addition of IL 2 to cultures that did not respond to antigen had no effect. Antigen-responsive cultures contained endogenous IL 2 as well, and the antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation was correlated with IL 2 production. However, the results suggested that IL 2 production by the patients' T cells was insufficient or actively shut off, and that this was responsible for the premature cessation of their DNA synthesis. Supernatants from 60% of the T cell cultures treated with malaria antigen and from 30% treated with RBC ghost antigen contained interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), as determined by a cytopathic effect inhibition assay combined with acid treatment and antibody neutralization or by an IFN-gamma-specific ELISA. There was no obvious correlation between antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and the presence of IFN-gamma in the culture supernatants. A high IFN-gamma activity was also seen in antigen-treated cultures from P. falciparum-immune donors living in highly endemic malaria areas. In contrast, no IFN-gamma was found in supernatants of antigen-treated T cells from healthy donors or patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria. Thus, the IFN-gamma activity of these cultures appears to reflect the presence of antigen-reactive T cells and may be useful as a sensitive indicator of cellular immunity in P. falciparum malaria.

ABO Blood-Group System↗