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Biomedical subjects

G Anderson

Publications and source records attributed to G Anderson.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Limitations of Polybrene to detect ABO incompatibility.

The ability of the manual Polybrene test to detect ABO incompatibility was assessed since the anti-human globulin phase of the crossmatch is no longer mandated under many circumstances by the Standards of the American Association of Blood Banks, while the ability of the crossmatch to detect ABO incompatibility remains a requirement. 10,084 randomly selected patient samples (from approximately 6,000 different patients) were entered into a double-blind study. Sera from 97 different patients gave unexpectedly negative reactions with A2 and/or B cells in the manual Polybrene test. 94 of these sera reacted as expected in saline (87 after an immediate-spin examination). The manual Polybrene test does not provide adequate assurance of ABO compatibility.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1986

Effect of growth state and heat shock on nucleolar localization of the 110,000-Da heat shock protein in mouse embryo fibroblasts.

We have shown previously that the mammalian 110,000-Da heat shock protein (hsp110) associates with nucleoli in several cell types and that in 2-day postconfluent mouse 10T1/2 cells, a segregation of the antigen from the nucleolar phase-dense body is seen (J.R. Subjeck, T. Shyy, J. Shen, and R.J. Johnson. J. Cell Biol. 97: 1389-1395, 1983). Here we further characterize the nucleolar segmentation of hsp110 in mouse 10T1/2 and 3T3 cells with respect to the formation of this structure in dense cultures and investigate the behavior of this protein following conditions (serum deprivation, actinomycin D, and heat shock) known to affect the functional and morphological integrity of the nucleolus. It is shown that in addition to its nucleolar locale, an affinity of hsp110 for the nonnucleolar, nuclear compartment in actively proliferating cells is also observed. When proliferating cells are treated with actinomycin D (1 microgram/ml) for 8 h, hsp110 separates from the nucleolar phase-dense body to form a fluorescent nucleolar cap which resembles that seen in confluent cultures. This drug also results in a disappearance of hsp110 from the nucleoplasm. Incubation of cells for 24 h in media without serum also results in the nucleolar segmentation of hsp110 and a reduction in nucleoplasmic staining. A moderate nonlethal heat treatment does not lead to segmentation of hsp110 in proliferating cells but conversely results in a transient reversal of segmentation in confluent cultures. Examination of segmented nucleoli of postconfluent cells by immunoelectron microscopy reveals that hsp110 is associated with the fibrillar component of these nucleoli, the site of ribosomal DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Assessment of thrombogenicity of prothrombin complex concentrates in a porcine model.

Infusion of prothrombin complex concentrates into pigs resulted in evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation manifested by positive fibrin monomer tests, depletion of coagulation factors and platelets, and the presence of fibrin in small blood vessels at autopsy. All of the nine prothrombin complex concentrates were found to be thrombogenic. The response appeared to be dose-related, and the two activated materials were more thrombogenic than the non-activated products. In contrast, a purified factor IX concentrate resulted in minimal transient changes in only 2 of 5 animals tested, and autopsy findings were negative for fibrin deposition in all. Four of these animals received 200 factor IX units/kg, which was twice the dose used for any of the other products. Control animals received human plasma or albumin with no evidence of coagulation changes or fibrin deposition at autopsy. The porcine model is more sensitive than other animal models for detection of the thrombogenic effects of prothrombin complex concentrates and may be useful for testing new products found to be non-thrombogenic in other test procedures.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The significance of a previous stillbirth.

Among 7052 patients studied between 1976 and 1982 in a collaborative project on antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring, 337 patients had a previous stillbirth as a reason for testing. Overall a previous stillbirth history significantly increased the risk of having a positive result on a contraction stress test, primarily among hypertensive patients. Patients with a previous stillbirth also had a significantly higher incidence of respiratory distress syndrome in their neonates attributable to premature intervention for maternal indications (primarily among hypertensive women and patients with clinical intrauterine growth retardation). Low Apgar scores were found to be significantly increased in diabetics with previous stillbirths primarily due to neonates with congenital malformations. Premature intervention by labor induction or cesarean section was more common among patients with a previous stillbirth for both maternal indications and abnormal antepartum fetal heart rate studies. Previous stillbirth would appear therefore to be a significant risk factor primarily when associated with a diagnosis of hypertension or clinical intrauterine growth retardation.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1985

Measuring depression in children: a multimethod assessment investigation.

The present investigation examined measures for the assessment of depressive symptomatology in children, as well as two related constructs (self-esteem and anxiety). The sample consisted of 166 elementary school children from grades 3 through 6. Two self-report depression measures, the Children's Depression Inventory (Kovacs, 1979) and the Child Depression Scale (Reynolds, in press), as well as anxiety and self-esteem scales, were completed by the children. Parents (mothers and fathers) evaluated their children on the depression and anxiety scales from the Personality Inventory for Children (Wirt, Lachar, Klinedinst, & Seat, 1977), and teachers provided global ratings of depression and academic performance. The results support the reliability and validity of both self-report children depression measures. Data obtained on the parent report measure do not recommend its use at this time for assessing depression in children, while results on teachers' global ratings of depression provide some evidence that teachers may be a good source of information regarding depression in children.

Achievement↗
PubMed1985

Effects of timed melatonin injections on reproduction in pinealectomized Peromyscus leucopus.

Fifty reproductively mature female pinealectomized or sham-operated white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) were injected daily for 7 weeks with 50 micrograms melatonin at 12 hr after lights on. The injections started either on the day following surgery or 2 weeks after surgery. All mice were maintained at room temperature under long-day photoperiod (LD 16:8). Pinealectomized and sham-operated mice injected immediately following surgery and sham-operated mice injected beginning 2 weeks after surgery had reduced reproductive tract weights (30 +/- 6, 33 +/- 6, and 33 +/- 3 mg, respectively) compared to the pinealectomized mice injected beginning 2 weeks after surgery (78 +/- 8 mg). In a second study 74 pinealectomized or sham-operated mice were injected at either 2, 7.5, 12, or 15 hr after lights on with 50 micrograms melatonin. Irrespective of surgical treatment, mice injected at 15 hr had a mean (+/- SE) reproductive tract weight (33 +/- 10 mg) which was substantially less than the 2-hr group (78 +/- 17 mg) while the 7.5- and 12-hr groups were intermediate (P less than 0.001). Pinealectomized and sham-operated animals responded similarly to melatonin injections at these four time points (P less than 0.35). The clearance rate of plasma melatonin after a single 50-micrograms melatonin injection or after 2 weeks of daily injections at either 2 or 12 hr after lights on was determined. Melatonin concentrations were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗