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Biomedical subjects

G Adams

Publications and source records attributed to G Adams.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Binding of Brucella abortus whole cell and lipopolysaccharide antigens to plastics.

Various buffers (0.2 M acetate, pH 4.2; 0.01 M phosphate with 0.15 M sodium chloride, pH 7.2; 0.15 M borate, pH 8.2 and 0.025 M carbonate, pH 9.6) were used as coating buffers with Brucella abortus alkali treated lipopolysaccharide on two types of plastic matrices. Maximum binding occurred using the phosphate buffer. However, as was the case with the other buffers 50 per cent or more of the antigen was removed by five washing procedures. B abortus S19 or S2308, suspended in ammonium acetate-carbonate buffer, pH 8.2, was shown to bind maximally when 10(9) cells were dried onto the plastics. Less than 20 per cent of the cells were removed by five washings.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1982

Removal of total organic carbon from marine mammal pool water by polymeric resins.

Chlorinated organic compounds comprise a portion of the total organic carbon (TOC) of marine mammal pool water. The long-term effects of these substances on the health of captive marine mammals are unknown, but good husbandry practices should include maintaining TOC at low concentrations. Two polymeric resins (trade names XAD-2 and XAD-4) were tested for their capacity to adsorb TOC from the water of a saline, closed-system marine mammal pool. At a concentration of 588 mg of XAD-2/L, TOC was reduced by approximately 9% after 96 hours; 630 mg of XAD-4/L reduced TOC concentrations by approximately after 77 hours. Equilibrium was not approached in any of the experiments. The 2 materials tested are ineffective in this particular application, but ion exchange resins may perform better.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1981

Current management of esophageal foreign bodies.

Between 1972 and 1978, a total of 159 cases of esophageal foreign body were treated at the University of Minnesota Affiliated Hospitals, Minneapolis. Although coins were the most frequent offending agent in the pediatric group, meat was the most common in the entire series (60%). Eighty percent of coins were impacted in the upper esophagus, while meat impaction occurred most frequently in the distal esophagus (42%). Rigid esophagoscopy was performed in 134 patients. The foreign body was removed during esophagoscopy in 122 cases, advanced into the stomach in two cases, and not found in ten cases. In addition to esophagoscopy, when meat obstruction was suspected, several pharmacologic agents were successful in relieving the obstruction, such as parenterally administered diazepam (Valium) (8/27) and glucagon (6/14). Spontaneous passage was noted in seven cases. No cases of esophageal carcinoma were discovered in this series.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Nosocomial herpetic infections in a pediatric intensive care unit.

A series of acute herpetic infections occurred among nurses and patients in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Epidemiologic study revealed two separate time clusters of infections, one in early summer and another six weeks later. Restriction endonuclease analysis of DNA extracted from virus isolates showed that each time cluster was associated with a different genetic strain of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and provided evidence of cross infection between patients and nurses. Three nurses had herpetic whitlow; the husband of one had acute gingivostomatitis; a fourth nurse had acute pharyngitis. They had no previous history of HSV infection and sequential antibody testing of affected nurses showed 19S antibody in all initially positive serums, confirming primary infection. The data provide clear evidence that PICU personnel risk acquiring serious herpetic infections from patients and vice versa unless specific precautions are taken. Restriction endonuclease analysis of HSV DNA was useful in the epidemiologic study of the infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Patterns of involvement of the temporal bone in metastatic and systemic malignancy.

The temporal bone appears to be involved with secondary malignant processes in discrete histologic patterns with rather characteristic clinical presentations. Five distinct types of involvement can be recognized: isolated metastasis from a distant primary tumor; direct extension from a regional primary tumor; meningeal carcinomatosis; leptomeningeal extension from an intracranial primary tumor; and leukemic or lymphomatous infiltration. The typical histopathological patterns are described with correlative clinical symtomatology. Differential diagnosis is considered, and guidelines for surgical management are discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Particulate cancellous marrow crib graft reconstruction of mandibular defects.

Between 1969 and 1978 more than 1000 mandible fractures were treated by the otolaryngology services at the University of Minnesota and affiliated hospitals. Most were successfully treated but 17 patients had significant loss of mandibular bone resulting in a much more difficult management problem. The loss of bone was usually due either to the initial injury such as a gunshot wound or was secondary to the complications of non-union or osteomyelitis. Particulate cancellous marrow grafts within a Vitallium or titanium mesh crib (PCM crib graft) were used to reconstruct the mandibular defects. One patient had bilateral defects requiring 2 PCM crib grafts. Thus, 18 grafts spanning defects 2 to 12 cm were performed. Success was measured by a stable mandible with satisfactory occlusion and he ability to chew, swallow and articulate satisfactorally. Of 18 grafts, 15 met these requirements. Several factors important to successful mandibular reconstruction included adequate immobilization, intraoral soft tissue coverage, external skin cover and tension-free closure and optimal intraoral hygiene. The crib used to hold the particulate cancellous marrow in position during the healing phase has been removed in three otherwise successful cases because of intraoral mucosal tenting or dehiscence or to allow adequate fitting of dentures. In our experience, the use of autogenous cancellous bone and marrow in metallic mesh has been a successful means of restoring function and stability to mandibular defects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Effects of tertiary methods on total organic carbon removal in saline, closed-system marine mammal pools.

Organic matter accumulates in marine mammal pools that are not diluted continuously with clean influent water. Some of this material may be carcinogenic or mutagenic. Four tertiary methods were tested for effectiveness in lowering the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration in saline marine mammal pools. The TOC concentration at the start of each trial is shown in parentheses. Ozonation alone in duplicate trials had no effect on TOC during sequential contact periods of 25, 30, and 30 minutes (13.66 mg of TOC/L of sample water) and 30, 30, and 30 minutes (12.85 mg of TOC/L) when the dosage levels were 4.13, 4.03, and 4.52 mg of O3/L, respectively. Contacting marine mammal water with granular activated carbon in a single trial (12.91 mg of TOC/L) removed approximately 37% of the TOC in 10 minutes, but only an additional 11% was removed in 60 minutes. The amount removed in 10 minutes was equivalent to 20 days' accumulation at previously determined rates of increase. Brief ozonation of the water, followed by contact with granular activated carbon, was the most effective method tested. When results of the duplicate trials (12.95 and 12.65 mg of TOC/L) were averaged, the amounts of TOC removed were 60% (5 minutes), 70% (10 minutes), and 78% (30 minutes). Two experiments using superchlorination (114 mg of free available chlorine/L of water contacted for 4.5 hours) reduced the TOC concentration from 15.6 to 11.2 mg/L (28%) reduction), and from 15.6 to 10.2 mg/L (35% reduction).

Adsorption↗
PubMed1979

Exercise Bluebird.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1979

Herpetic whitlow and heratitis.

Two patients had herpes simplex infection of the fingertips (herpetic whitlow) associated with herpetic keratitis. Both patients were health-care professionals who probably acquired their disease from patients. Herpetic whitlow can be distinguished from a paronychia by the lack of a tense pulp space, formation of vesicles, and serous (rather than purulent) drainage. The fingertip inflammation resolves spontaneously, leaving normal healthy skin, in about two weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hospital remains in inner city by moving to recycled factory.

An urban hospital that needed an up-to-date physical plant renovated and moved into a nearby foundry building. By remaining in its inner-city neighborhood, the hospital continues its programs to help solve socioeconomic problems that affect the community's health and well-being and that may help stimulate the community's recovery from urban blight.

Facility Design and Construction↗
PubMed1978

Restriction endonuclease fingerprinting of herpes simplex virus DNA: a novel epidemiological tool applied to a nosocomial outbreak.

In a blind study, 14 isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) that included nine isolates from a temporal cluster of HSV infections in a hospital Pediatric Intensive Care Unit and five unrelated isolates were analyzed by digestion of their DNA with four restriction endonucleases. These enzymes (HsuI, BglII, EcoRI, and HpaI) cleave the DNA in about 52 sites. To date, at least 16 sites have been found to be variable in the sense that they may be present or absent independently of any other cleavage site. This characteristic is stable, and no change was observed on serial propagation of the strains in culture or following repeated isolation, as long as 12 years apart, from humans. Analyses of the isolates readily discriminated between those belonging to the temporal cluster of hospital infections and the unrelated strains. They also showed that there were two independent introductions of HSV-1 into the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit resulting in two clusters of epidemiologically related infections. This type of analysis has the potential of becoming a powerful tool for tracing the spread of HSV-1 and very likely of other herpesviruses in the human population.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1978

Osteosarcoma: a review of 50 patients treated at the University of Alabama in Birmingham Medical Center between 1944 and 1975.

Only 12% of 50 patients lived 5 years or longer. Those who survived the longest were those with the tumor in the distal part of the lower extremity, with a well differentiated or chondroblastic tumor, or those who underwent radical surgery. Patients treated with surgery and chemotherapy lived about 1.5 months longer than those treated with sugery alone and about 1.2 months longer than those who had radiation included in the therapy. For a patient with a diagnosis of osteosarcoma, the prognosis was to be grave, no matter which methods of treatment were used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Meningoencephalitis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum: occurrence in a renal transplant recipient and a review of the literature.

A case of meningoencephalitis caused by histoplasmosis in a renal transplant patient is described. The diagnosis was made postmortem. The clinicopathological features of 39 additional cases of central nervous system (CNS) invasion by histoplasmosis were reviewed. In the great majority of instances (92.1%), CNS involvement occurred in the disseminated form of the disease. Diagnosis was proved by culturing the fungus from bone marrow, blood, lymph nodes, or liver. Neurological symptoms and signs and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes did not occur until extensive brain damage had resulted. Difficulty in culturing the organism in the (CSF) caused a further delay in making an early diagnosis of CNS involvement. The use of meningeal and brain biopsy specimens in conjunction with the electroencephalogram (EEG) may help in making an earlier diagnosis of CNS involvement.

Brain↗
PubMed1976

Infantile diffuse cerebral degeneration with hepatic cirrhosis.

Four children had progressive degeneration of the cerebral cortex, with hepatic cirrhosis. They and four previously described ones, are representative of a distinct form of hepatocerebral degeneration. Onset of the neurological disorder is between ages 1 and 3 years, at times with mild developmental delay. Explosive onset of intractable convulsions, leaving the child in a stuporous and demented state, is characteristic. Generalized hypotonia or hemiparesis were observed in several affected children. Clinical evidences of hepatic disease, including ascites and jaundice, occurred late, if at all. The illness ended fatally within ten months of onset of convulsions. Pathological findings in the brain are neuronal loss and gliosis, in a pattern that is indistinguishable from that in degeneration of the cerebral gray matter in infancy (Alpers disease). The hepatic lesions consist of cirrhosis or of subacute hepatitis, with superimposed fatty infiltration of hepatocytes. The disorder is genetically determined, with recessive inheritance.

Astrocytes↗