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Biomedical subjects

G A Balint

Publications and source records attributed to G A Balint.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

On the biochemical background of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulceration in the rat.

In cysteamine-induced duodenal ulceration the endogenous prostacyclin level initially showed an elevation. This elevation later disappeared, and the endogenous prostacyclin level dropped to zero--that is, below the detection limit. During ulceration the mucosal DNA level decreased, a phenomenon that was directly proportional to ulceration. In the course of the ulcerative process in the duodenal mucosa a de novo protein synthesis took place. This process was most probably a mucus secretion and served as a protective reaction against damaging noxae. The mucosal cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate (cAMP) content increased in the so-called pre-ulcerative phase but later returned to the normal (physiologic) level. The changes in the cyclic guanosine 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) level were more pronounced than those of cAMP, and the final result was a decrease in the mucosal cAMP/cGMP ratio. In accordance with our previous results we conclude that a positive cAMP/cGMP 'shift' indicates antiulcerogenic, cytoprotective, reparative processes in the mucosa, whereas its decrease is connected to damaging noxae.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1992

The effect of different prostaglandins on gastric mucosal intracellular second messenger system in the rat.

After an oral administration of 100 micrograms/kg dose, the investigated prostaglandins: PGF2 alpha, PGE2 and a synthetic PGE2 derivative: FCE-20700, exerted a significant effect on cAMP and cGMP content of both parts (antral and fundic) of gastric mucosa, resulting in an elevated cAMP/cGMP ratio, while 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, the stable break-down product of prostacyclin, was inactive. Since the above-mentioned phenomenon seems to be proportionate to the cytoprotective (anti-ulcerogenic) property of the investigated prostaglandins, this cAMP/cGMP ratio "shift" is interpreted as a probable (molecular) sign of the reparative, (anti-ulcerogenic) processes.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Hepatocellular carcinoma in sub-Saharan (tropical) Africa.

Primary cancer of the parenchymal cells of the liver--hepatocellular carcinoma--is much more common in Africa (and Southeast Asia) than in Europe and North America. The very high incidence of this tumour is one of the outstanding problems of medicine in tropical countries. There is no doubt that it was already widespread in Africa before urbanization and industrialization. In this article the characteristics of hepatocellular cancer in the tropical (sub-Saharan) part of Africa are briefly reviewed.

Africa↗
PubMed1991

Catha edulis, an international socio-medical problem with considerable pharmacological implications.

It is evident from the mentioned studies that the medical and psychosocial effects of khat chewing are hazardous both to the individual and the community. The habituation of khat chewing seriously effects the psychoeconomic structure of the subject. Being aware of the increasing prevalence of khat chewing (often together with other drugs), it is essential to assess the health and socio-economic problems of khat habituation in order to take further, appropriate medical and social measures.

Africa, Eastern↗
PubMed1991

Changes of mucosal endogenous prostacyclin level in human peptic ulcer disease. The role of smoking and sex difference.

It seems that in human gastroduodenal mucosal biopsy specimens from healthy persons there is a definite tendency toward a higher endogenous prostacyclin content in favour of women. This discrepancy is present in peptic ulcer disease, too. Smoking exerts an unfavourable effect on the gastric and duodenal mucosa. The target of this action is (among others) the endogenous prostacyclin content. In ventricular as well as duodenal ulceration there is a tendency toward decreased endogenous prostacyclin activity but (moderate) smoking,--as a continuous stimulus--seems to be capable of evoking higher endogenous prostacyclin levels. This phenomenon, most probably, constitutes a part of the reparative reactions against the noxa, i.e. smoking, itself. The results draw attention once again to a possible role of smoking in the development and healing of peptic ulcer disease.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1991

Colloidal bismuth subcitrate evokes adaptive cytoprotection in rat gastric mucosa.

The 6-keto-prostaglandin-F1 alpha content (as the stable break-down product of prostacyclin) of rat antral and fundic gastric, as well as of duodenal mucosa, significantly increases after 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg orally administered colloidal bismuth subcitrate treatment. The results indicate that (i) colloidal bismuth subcitrate-induced stimulation of endogenous prostacyclin content ("adaptive cytoprotection") of rat gastroduodenal mucosa may contribute to its therapeutic effect; (ii) the effect of colloidal bismuth subcitrate is not due exclusively to the bismuth content of the molecule, but seems to be connected with the structure of colloidal bismuth subcitrate itself; (iii) the effect seems to be dose-dependent, showing a dose-response relationship.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1990

On the possible role of different endogenous opiate receptors in gastroduodenal ulceration of the rat.

In Wistar rats of both sexes stress(restraint)- and drug (indomethacin)-induced gastric, as well, as cysteamine-induced duodenal ulceration was treated by morphine and nalorphine, given either alone or in combination. Neither morphine nor nalorphine had a significant anti-ulcerogenic effect. In contrast, the combined morphine + nalorphine treatment showed a highly significant anti-ulcerogenic action in the case of gastric ulceration but it was ineffective on duodenal ulcer formation. It seems that the chi and sigma endogenous opiate receptors play a significant role in the anti-ulcerogenic effect, while the mu receptors are involved to a considerably lesser degree. Moreover, the experimental results strengthen the view that gastric and duodenal ulceration are two different pathological entities and that ulcer formation is only a common consequence.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Smoking exerts unfavourable effect on human gastroduodenal mucosal endogenous prostacyclin-level.

It seems that endogenous prostacyclin is one of the most important natural protective substances in the (human) gastroduodenal mucosa. According to the observations, in humans there is a definite tendency toward decreased endogenous prostacyclin production in the gastroduodenal mucosa of smokers. This phenomenon draws attention to the possible role of smoking in the development of peptic ulcer disease.

Epoprostenol↗