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Biomedical subjects

F Zhu

Publications and source records attributed to F Zhu.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Surveillance of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and studies on its predictive indices in Jiangsu Province].

OBJECTIVE: To study its predictive significance of the direct use of surveillance data of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) collected in Jiangsu province, and find an indicator of choice for qualitative prediction. METHODS: A correlation analysis between the HFRS incidence rate and surveillance data collected in the past 12 years since 1986 was applied. RESULTS: There was significant relationship between HFRS incidence rate and indoor density of rattus norvegicus (Rn), proportions of mixed species of rats and Rn with HFRS virus, indices of mixed species of rats and Rn with virus in the spring Relationship between HFRS incidence rate and densities of outdoor mixed species of rats and Apodemus agrarius (Aa), and proportions of mixed species and Aa with virus was all significant in autumn and winter. And, there was significant relationship between HFRS incidence rate during the whole year and annual average density of rats, proportion of rats with virus, index of rats with virus. There was no significant relationship between HFRS incidence rate and human inapparent infection rate. The coefficients of correlation between HFRS incidence rate in the spring and indices of indoor mixed species of rats and Rn with virus were 0.8637 and 0.8295, respectively (P < 0.001). And, those between HFRS incidence rate and indices of outdoor mixed species of rats and Aa were 0.7089 and 0. 7258 in the autumn and winter, respectively (P < 0.01). The coefficients of correlation between HFRS incidence rate in the next spring and indices of outdoor mixed species and Aa with virus in the autumn were 0.7118 and 0.7113, respectively (P < 0.01). The coefficient of correlation between HFRS incidence rate during the whole year and annual average index of rats with virus was 0.9207 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The index of rats with virus was an indicator of choice for qualitative prediction of HFRS, and the density of rats may be the secondary choice.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical observation of misoprostol on induction in late pregnancy].

Eighty late pregnancy women were randomized into two groups. Misoprostol group and oxytocin group. We observed the different effects of misoprostol and oxytocin on induction, the different effects of misoprostol on induction which was given through rectum or through vagina. The results indicate that the rate of successful induction in misoprostol group is higher than that of oxytocin group, the rate of caesarean section in misoprostol group is lower than that of oxytocin group. There was no significant difference in the durations of misoprostol which was given through rectum or through vagina on induction. It is suggested that misoprostol is more effective on induction than that of oxytocin. We can choose misoprostol given through rectum to prompt delivery in conditions such as premature rupture of membranes and vaginitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Application of IL-1 beta and 8 mRNA and some other indices in monitoring the activity of ulcerative colitis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the monitoring action of the expression of IL-1 beta, IL-8 mRNA, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the active ulcerative celitis (UC). METHODS: Twenty active UC patients, 23 inactive UC patients; and 14 non-UC inflammation patients were selected. Twelve patients who complained of flatulence, abdominal pain and constipation receiving endoscopic examination were used as control. MPO and SOD activity, IL-1 beta and IL-8 mRNA expression (hybridization in situ) were determined on the endoscopic biopsy specimens of all patients. In 20 active UC patients, 14 patients received endoscopic examination and 4 indices detection were done once again after 2 months' treatment with prednisone and SASP. RESULTS: Mucosal MPO activities of active UC patients, inactive UC patients, and non-UC inflammation patients are higher than those of control patients, (19.37 +/- 0.54, 11.59 +/- 1.41, and 12.97 +/- 0.49) U/g tissue vs (9.49 +/- 0.51) U/g tissue (P < 0.01). SOD activities are lower than that of control patients, (5.03 +/- 07,7. 7.66 +/- 0.79, and 6.98 +/- 0.61) U/mg protein vs (8.82 +/- 0.58) U/mg protein (P < 0.05). Mucosal MPO activity of active UC patients is also higher than that of inactive and non-UC inflammation patients (P < 0.01); while SOD activity is lower than them (P < 0.01). After 2 months' medical treatment, MPO activity of 14 active UC patients decreased, (12.61 +/- 0.74) U/g tissue vs (19.31 +/- 0.44) U/g tissue (P < 0.01), while SOD activity elevated (7.44 +/- 0.55) U/mg protein vs (5.10 +/- 1.05) U/mg protein (P < 0.05), compared with that of before treatment. Positive expression of IL-1 beta mRNA appeared in the epithelial and inflammatory cells of all active UC patients, 9 inactive UC patients, and 7 non-UC inflammation patients. While expression of IL-8 mRNA only appeared positively in all active UC patients. In 14 active UC patients, there were no detection of interleukin mRNA expression after 2 months' treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Mucosal MPO, SOD, IL-1 beta, and IL-8 mRNA could be used as 4 indices monitoring the activity of UC. And IL-1 beta mRNA is also helpful to supervise early or late UC activity.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1998

LIGHT, a novel ligand for lymphotoxin beta receptor and TR2/HVEM induces apoptosis and suppresses in vivo tumor formation via gene transfer.

LIGHT is a new member of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cytokine family derived from an activated T cell cDNA library. LIGHT mRNA is highly expressed in splenocytes, activated PBL, CD8(+) tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes but not in the thymus and the tumor cells examined. Introduction of LIGHT cDNA into MDA-MB-231 human breast carcinoma caused complete tumor suppression in vivo. Histological examination showed marked neutrophil infiltration and necrosis in LIGHT expressing but not in the parental or the Neo-transfected MDA-MB-231 tumors. Interferon gamma (IFNgamma) dramatically enhances LIGHT-mediated apoptosis. LIGHT protein triggers apoptosis of various tumor cells expressing both lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTbetaR) and TR2/HVEM receptors, and its cytotoxicity can be blocked specifically by addition of a LTbetaR-Fc or a TR2/HVEM-Fc fusion protein. However, LIGHT was not cytolytic to the tumor cells that express only the LTbetaR or the TR2/HVEM or hematopoietic cells examined that express only the TR2/HVEM, such as PBL, Jurkat cells, or CD8(+) TIL cells. In contrast, treatment of the activated PBL with LIGHT resulted in release of IFNgamma. Our data suggest that LIGHT triggers distinct biological responses based on the expression patterns of its receptors on the target cells. Thus, LIGHT may play a role in the immune modulation and have a potential value in cancer therapy.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1998

A viral gene that activates lytic cycle expression of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.

Herpesviruses exist in two states, latency and a lytic productive cycle. Here we identify an immediate-early gene encoded by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus eight (HHV8) that activates lytic cycle gene expression from the latent viral genome. The gene is a homologue of Rta, a transcriptional activator encoded by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). KSHV/Rta activated KSHV early lytic genes, including virus-encoded interleukin 6 and polyadenylated nuclear RNA, and a late gene, small viral capsid antigen. In cells dually infected with Epstein-Barr virus and KSHV, each Rta activated only autologous lytic cycle genes. Expression of viral cytokines under control of the KSHV/Rta gene is likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of KSHV-associated diseases.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Simple high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of the protease inhibitor indinavir in human plasma.

Indinavir is a member of a class of protease inhibitors that actively prevent the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome virion from maturing. A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay was developed and validated for the determination of indinavir in human plasma. Indinavir and the internal standard were isolated from the plasma by ether extraction. The residue after evaporation of ether was reconstituted with buffer and injected onto a C4 reversed-phase column eluted isocratically with a mobile phase consisting of 35:65 (v/v) of acetonitrile and buffer. A wavelength of 210 nm was found to be optimum for detection. The calibration range of this assay was from 10 to 5000 ng/ml and coefficients of variation for the assay ranged from 4.6% to 11.0% for three different drug concentrations and the limit of quantitation was 10 ng/ml. During the validation, short-term stability of the drug in plasma, stability during heat deactivation and on repeated freezing and thawing of plasma was evaluated. The overall recovery of indinavir by the ether extraction method was 91.4%. This HPLC assay was found to be a simple and reproducible method for monitoring indinavir levels in human plasma obtained during clinical trials of the drug.

Buffers↗
PubMed1998

Dynamics of segmental extracellular volumes during changes in body position by bioimpedance analysis.

Extracellular volume (ECV) of arms, trunk, and legs determined from segmental bioimpedance data in 11 healthy men (31.6 +/- 7 yr) obtained at the end of a 30-min equilibration phase in the supine body position was compared with ECV determined from whole body measurements (ECVWB). ECV was calculated from extracellular resistance (RECV) identified from the bioimpedance spectrum for a range of 10 frequencies. Whole body RECV (527.6 +/- 55.6 Omega) was equal to the sum of RECV in the arms, trunk, and legs (241.6 +/- 36. 3, 49.2 +/- 5.1, and 236.3 +/- 25.5 Omega, respectively). The sum of equilibrated ECV in arms (1.31 +/- 0.25 liters), trunk (10.08 +/- 1.65 liters), and legs (2.80 +/- 0.82 liters) was smaller than ECVWB (20.90 +/- 2.59 liters). In six subjects who changed from a standing to a supine body position, ECV decreased in arms (-2.59 +/- 2.51%, P = NS) and legs (-10.96 +/- 3.02%, P < 0.05) but increased in the trunk (+4.2 +/- 3.2%, P < 0.05). ECVWB also decreased (-4.98 +/- 1. 41%, P < 0.05). However, the sum of segmental extracellular volumes remained unchanged (-0.06 +/- 0.07%, P = NS). The sum of segmental ECVs is not sensitive to changes in body position, which otherwise interferes with the estimation of ECV in bioimpedance analysis when ECVWB is used.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Prospective study on the correlation factors of fetal macrosomia].

The increase of body weight in pregnancy women, 50 g oral glucose challenge test (50 g GCT), pregnant women and umbilicus vein blood insulin (INS), growth hormone (GH), glucose and neonate weight were measured in 110 pregnant women and their neonates were measured to explore the correlation factors of fetal macrosomia. The incidence of macrosomia was higher in pregnant women whose increased weight > or = 15 kg than those < 15 kg. 50 g GCT plasma glucose showed positive correlation with neonatal weight. Which was higher in the group of the fetal macrosomia than of the normal neonates. The results suggest that both the increasing weight of the pregnant women and the 50 g GCT are related parameters to predict fetal macrosomia. To prevent fetal macrosomia the diet should be limited in those who have had a high increasing body weight in pregnancy and appropriate intervention is required to those whose 50 g GCT are positive.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The establishment of TNBS-induced experimental colitis].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to establish some indices monitoring the activity and severity of IBD. METHODS: A rat model of experimental colitis was induced by administration of the hapten 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS, 30 mg) in 50% ethanol 0.25 ml as the "barrier breaker". And it then recurs only after 10 mg TNBS administration. Inflammation was assessed by gross appearance using a grading scale and by histology. Myeloperoxidase(MPO) and superioxide dismutase(SOD) activities were also measured to evaluate the severity of inflammation. RESULTS: An acute inflammation with ulcers and neutrophil infiltration developed that evolved into a chronic inflammation with luminol narrowing and abundant fibrous connective tissue hypertrophy at 21 days. Crypt abcess were observed in some rats killed in 1 week. MPO activity was significantly elevated, while SOD decreased, in mucosa from all treated groups at all time intervals when macroscopic and microscopic mucosal injury was evident. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that this model affords an opportunity to study the pathogenesis of colonic inflammatory disease and may be used to evaluate new treatments potentially applicable to IBD in humans. In addition, MPO and SOD activities could be regarded as two markers which may evaluate the severity of colonic inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[The effect of interleukin-1 beta interleukin-8 in the pathogenesis of experimental colitis and evaluation of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist therapy].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-8 in the pathogenesis of colitis and evaluate the therapeutic effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1ra). METHODS: A rat model of chronic experimental colitis was induced by administration of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS, 30 mg) in 50% ethanol 0.25 ml. IL-1ra was then administered intravenously with a dosage of 7 mg/kg at different times. Hydrocortisone (3 mg) i.v. administration was served as control. Tissue expression of IL-1 beta mRNA and IL-8 mRNA was then studied by in situ hybridization before and after IL-1ra administration. Histological examination and tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities detection were also made to assess the severity of colitis. RESULTS: An acute inflammation with ulcers, neutrophil infiltration and crypt abscess developed that evolved into a chronic inflammation with abundant fibrous connective tissue hypertrophy at 21 days. And it then recurs only after 10 mg TNBS administration. Activities of MPO and SOD correlated with severity of inflammation. Expression of IL-1 beta mRNA was detected in macrophages in lamina propria and submucosa during the whole period of inflammation. It could be also present in epithelial cells in the 3rd day of colitis. While IL-8 mRNA expression appeared at the 3rd day, and disappeared at 21th day when colitis turned into chronic. After IL-1ra administration, the expression of these two interleukins could not be detected, accompanied with alleviation of histological manifestation, decrease of MPO activity and elevation of SOD activity. CONCLUSIONS: IL-1 beta and IL-8 were involved in the pathogenesis of colitis. IL-1ra has preventive and therapeutic effect to colitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[A multiexponential model in cavity ring-down absorption spectroscopy].

A multiexponential model of cavity ring-down absorption spectroscopy is established for taking into account the laser linewidth effects. It is demonstrated that by fitting the logarithmic ring-down function to a truncated polynomial, absorption coefficent can be extracted from coefficients of the first as well as higher order terms of the fitted polynomial. The new fit model results in higher accuracy and broader dynamic range than the previous single exponential model.

English Abstract↗
PubMed1997

Ribozyme-mediated high resistance against potato spindle tuber viroid in transgenic potatoes.

A hammerhead ribozyme [R(-)] targeting the minus strand RNA of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) and a mutated nonfunctional ribozyme [mR(-)] were designed, cloned, and transcribed. As predicted, both monomer and dimer transcripts of the active R(-) ribozyme gene could cleave the PSTVd minus strand dimer RNA into three fragments of 77, 338, and 359 bases in vitro at 25 and 50 degrees C. The tandem dimer genes of R(-) and mR(-) were subcloned separately into the plant expression vector pROK2. Transgenic potato plants (cultivar Desirée) were generated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Twenty-three of 34 independent transgenic plant lines expressing the active ribozyme R(-) resulted in having high levels of resistance to PSTVd, being free of PSTVd accumulation after challenge inoculation with PSTVd, but the remaining lines showed weaker levels of resistance to PSTVd with low levels of PSTVd accumulation. In contrast, 59 of 60 independent transgenic lines expressing the mutated ribozyme mR(-) were susceptible to PSTVd inoculation and had levels of PSTVd accumulation similar to that of the control plants transformed with the empty vector. The resistance against PSTVd replication was stably inherited to the vegetative progenies.

Base Composition↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical obeservation of improved passing peritoneum extraperitoneal cesarean sectron].

One hundred and fifty puerperas who had indications for cesarean section and factors associated with intrauterine infection were random divided into three groups and adopted three different operative proccdures which were improved passing peritoneum extraperitoneal, extraperitoneal and low segement cesarean section respectively. Three were 50 puerperas in each group, seven paremeters were observed during and after operation. The results showed that the mean times of three groups from cutting skin to fetal head delivered were 19.5, 22.6 and 19.9 minutes respectively (P < 0.05), the mean operative times were 58.04, 68.2 and 72.0 minutes in proper urder (P < 0.01). Gastrointestinal function recovery mean times were 26.6, 26.0 and 47.9 hours (P < 0.01) in sequence. Postoperative morhidity rates were 10%, 12% and 24% (P < 0.01) in order. Postoperative comlicatins were 0%, 26% and 6% (P < 0.01). There were no significant difference both in newborn one minute Apgar grading and blood loss volume during the operation in three groups. Improved passing peritoneun extraperitoneal cesarean section is a simple, convenient, safe and practical oprative method. It is especially applied to those cases who have a bad form of uterine hypomere and factors of intrauterine infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Studies on arachidonic acid production by Mortierella].

The effects of the incubation temperature, initial pH of the medium, carbon source and nitrogen source on the production of arachidonic acid by Mortierella sp. M10 were studied. Thought orthogonal experiments, the optimum culture medium was obtained (g/L): glucose, 100; yeast extract, 10; KNO3, 4.0; KH2PO4, 2.0; CaCl2.2H2O, 0.1; MgSO4.7H2O, 0.5; FeCl3.6H2O, 0.015; ZnSO4.7H2O, 0.0075; CuSO4.5H2O, 0.0005. Under the optimum culture conditions, the dry cell weight and arachidonic acid was 33.51 g/L and 0.827 g/L, respectively. The flask culture process was analysed.

Arachidonic Acid↗
PubMed1997

Study on enzyme electrode biosensor of choline.

Choline oxidase was immobilized at a hydrogen peroxide electrode and the enzyme electrode was used for the amperometric determination of choline. The linear range is 0-200 mg/L with a response time of 40 seconds and a 25-microliter sample injection. The relative standard deviation (RSD) is less than 1.5% in 20 assays. The enzyme membrane can be used continuously at 25 degrees C for 60 days. The recovery rate of this method is 100.3-102.3%.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1997

[Expression of green fluorescent protein with baculovirus vector in insect cells].

The green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was subcloned into the transfer vector pVLneo downstream of the polyhedrin gene (ocu) promoter. Insect cells were cotransfected with recombinant plasmid and Autographa californica Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (AcNPV) DNA. In the presence of G418, the recombinant virus containing GFP gene was purified. The GFP expressed in insect cells with a Mw of 30 kDa is observable by strong green light under a fluorescent microscope. Excitation and emission spectra of the GFP were 395 nm and 509 nm respectively. Integration of GFP gene on AcNPV genome was identified directly by Southern blot which gave strong hybridization signal between GFP cDNA probe and 1 kb EcoRI fragment of recombinant virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Effects of aprotinin on heparinized whole blood activated clotting time and whole blood prothrombin time].

When aprotinin is used during cardiopulmonary bypass, there is a prolongation of the activated clotting time (ACT), which is used to monitor heparinization. The aim of this study was to observe the effects of aprotinin and heparin on whole blood ACT and whole blood prothrombin time (BPT). The results showed that when kaolin was used as the contact activator, the intrinsic clotting system was also inhibited by aprotinin, the observed ACTs with various dose aprotinin and concomitant heparin were significantly prolonged (Q = 0.757, P < 0.01). There was a dose-dependent prolongation of BPT by heparin (r = 0.985, P < 0.01). However, the heparin-mediated prolongation of BPT was not enhanced by aprotinin. The authors conclude that aprotinin prolongs heparinized whole blood activated clotting time but was not whole blood prothrombin time.

Adult↗