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Biomedical subjects

F W Smith

Publications and source records attributed to F W Smith.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Frequency of venous thrombosis in patients with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease.

The presence or absence of venous thrombosis was determined in 29 patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung disease by the technique of autologous platelet labelling with indium-111. Deep venous thrombosis was diagnosed in 13 patients and in nine of these patients thrombosis was located proximal to the knee--that is, in areas associated with an appreciable risk of pulmonary embolism. One patient died; pulmonary emboli were found at postmortem examination. The incidence of venous thrombosis seen in this study is high enough to suggest that these patients may benefit from prophylactic antithrombotic treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Value of tomographic section views in identifying liver abnormalities by scintigraphy.

A previously published prospective trial to assess the value of tomographic transverse section images provided by the Aberdeen Section Scanner has been repeated using gamma camera images. Reports for 192 patients were analysed and compared with the final independent clinical diagnosis. The results were also compared with those of the previous investigation. When the latest results were plotted in the form of receiver operating characteristic curves, they showed some improvement for the 'with tomography' reports. Furthermore, introduction of a diagnostic classification rating showed that for cases with a high level of independent diagnostic evidence that the liver was abnormal, reporting confidence was higher with tomography. However, a simplified analysis of abnormality ratings suggested that the differences were not statistically significant for the numbers of patients examined.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed1983

Nuclear magnetic resonance of iron and copper disease states.

The tissue levels of paramagnetic ions are an important factor in the determination of T1 values as observed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. The increased levels of iron present in human disease states such as hemochromatosis lead to decreased T1 values. The mean liver T1 of three patients with iron storage disease was determined to be 130 msec, significantly different from the value of 154 msec, the mean for 14 normal controls. Whether NMR will be able to detect the increased copper levels in liver and brain in Wilson disease remains for further clinical trials to evaluate. NMR imaging, however, does serve as a noninvasive method for the diagnosis of states of iron overload and as a technique to follow progression of disease or response to medical therapy.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Early experience with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging in the investigation of ocular proptosis.

The differential diagnosis of lesions causing ocular proptosis is frequently difficult making decisions on management correspondingly difficult. Computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanning has been of great benefit in showing the location and size of such lesions. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) imaging, a non-ionising technique, offers, in addition, the prospect of soft tissue differentiation giving an indication to the actual nature of lesions in the posterior orbit. Eleven cases of orbital proptosis have been imaged by NMR and the images of six of these are demonstrated and compared with the corresponding CAT scans. In the small area of the orbit spatial resolution is slightly less on NMR, at this early stage in its development, compared to the more fully developed CAT scans, but some degree of tissue differentiation is already possible. The safety and future potential of the technique are outlined.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Acute renal failure due to continuous rifampicin.

We describe the clinical and pathological features of acute renal failure which occurred in a patient receiving a first course of antituberculous therapy, including daily rifampicin. Renal biopsy specimens demonstrated an interstitial nephritis. The renal lesion resolved three weeks after the cessation of rifampicin, as evidenced by improvement in renal function and the return of nuclear magnetic resonance tomographic studies to normal. This is only the fifth reported instance of renal impairment following continuous rifampicin therapy, despite widespread use of the drug in a daily dose. The possible toxic interaction of rifampicin and antituberculous drugs which are excreted predominantly by the kidneys is also described.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1982

Hepatobiliary imaging using Tc-pyridoxylideneglutamate in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice.

In 77 of 114 consecutive patients with suspected hepatobiliary disease undergoing cholescintigraphy a firm clinical or operative diagnosis was possible. These patients were classified as normal, or as having extra-hepatic biliary obstruction (partial or complete) or hepatocellular disease. On a double-blind basis cholescintigraphy correctly interpreted 18 of 20 (90%) normal controls, 12 of 14 (86%) of those with partial obstruction, 16 of 16 (100%) of those with complete obstruction and 23 of 27 (85%) of those with hepatocellular disease giving an overall diagnostic accuracy of 69 of 77 (90%). There were no complications or toxic reactions. Ninety-three percent of patients with biliary obstruction (sensitivity) and 87% of those without biliary obstruction (specificity) were correctly diagnosed. Cholescintigraphy is a non-invasive, cheap and reliable investigation which can be used in the presence of icterus to discriminate between patients with and without extra-hepatic biliary obstruction. In contrast to grey scale ultrasonography the production and interpretation of scans are simple. Moreover cholescintigraphy adds a functional element to the investigation of liver disease.

Cholestasis↗
PubMed1982

Spinal chondrosarcoma demonstrated by Tc-99m-MDP bone scan.

A case of chondrosarcoma of the spine in a 45-year-old woman is described. The bone scan performed after the intravenous injection of Tc-99m-MDP not only confirmed the solitary nature of the tumor, but also demonstrated its extent within the spinous process of the second dorsal vertebra. Preoperative bone scan in the management of chondrosarcoma is advocated as a safe, noninvasive technique for assessing the extent of the tumor.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed1982

Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging of the prostate has been done in 25 patients, using a prototype machine developed in Aberdeen. It is a non-invasive technique which demonstrated the anatomical extent and pathological nature of prostatic lesions. The NMR images in both benign and malignant prostatic disease on this machine are comparable with first generation CT scans.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

Nuclear magnetic resonance tomographic imaging in renal disease.

The non-invasive diagnostic technique of whole body nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging was evaluated in 60 patients. 30 of these patients were known to have various renal diseases and the remainder had normal renal function. In the demonstration of space-occupying lesions of the kidney, NMR proved to be as diagnostically accurate as ultrasound and intravenous urography; it was, moreover, as specific as ultrasound in differentiating malignant tumours from benign cystic lesions. The specificity of NMR was superior to both ultrasound and IVU in the diagnosis of parenchymal disease in normally situated kidneys and in renal transplants. Hydronephrotic kidneys were readily demonstrated.

Graft Rejection↗