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Biomedical subjects

F Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to F Thompson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Methodologic advances in the cytogenetic analysis of human solid tumors.

The major obstacle to successful cytogenetic analysis of human solid tumors is the acquisition of sufficient numbers of good quality metaphases for detailed cytogenetic analysis. At present, no single methodologic approach has been proven to provide successful chromosomal analysis of all human solid tumors. The technical aspects of cell culture, chromosome harvesting, and chromosome banding were the focus of considerable discussion during the First Workshop on Chromosomes in Solid Tumors. This report provides summaries of several technical protocols, emanating from several different laboratories, which have contributed to successful chromosome analysis of a variety of human solid tumors.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1986

Familial congenital muscular torticollis: case report and review of the literature.

A family history of congenital muscular torticollis is uncommon. Only a small number of cases have been reported in the English literature. This is a report of five female children who are interrelated and have congenital muscular torticollis. Three of the children are sisters, and four are the offspring of consanguineous matings. No environmental factor could be identified that would predispose the children to congenital muscular torticollis. In this family, it is apparent that genetic factors are influencing the development of this condition. The cause of congenital muscular torticollis is unknown, but heredity may play a more important role than has previously been suspected.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Nonrandom chromosome alterations in rhabdomyosarcoma.

Chromosome banding analysis was attempted on tumor cells from a total of six rhabdomyosarcomas. Results revealed a variety of chromosome alterations, including frequent structural rearrangement of chromosome #1 and the finding in one patient of multiple double minutes. The single chromosome most consistently involved in structural rearrangements was #3. Simple deletion or translocation of either the long or short arm of chromosome #3 was found in all rhabdomyosarcoma tumors examined in this report. Further, a review of the limited previous literature on rhabdomyosarcoma provided further support for the frequent alteration of chromosome #3 in this disease. Results from our study provide preliminary evidence that alterations of chromosome 3p14-21 may represent a site of nonrandom chromosome change in rhabdomyosarcoma.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1985

Fractures of the femoral shaft treated by plating.

Eighty-six fractures of the femoral shaft were treated by open reduction and plating. Seventy-seven fractures (90 per cent) were reviewed 12-72 months (average 38 months) after operation. An excellent or good result was achieved in 70 fractures (91 per cent). There was no case of deep infection. The most common complication was a fatigue fracture of the plate, which occurred in five cases. In patients over the age of 60 years, loosening of the implant was troublesome. Primary bone grafting is essential if rigid internal fixation is not obtained. Plating is an excellent method of treating fractures of the femoral shaft in patients under the age of 60 years, provided that the surgeon is technically competent and experienced in this method of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The representation of authority: an adolescent viewpoint.

It is argued in this paper that participation of young people in society is to a degree a function of their attitudes towards those in authority. More specifically the research reports results from an investigation designed to assess young people's attitudes (n = 2046) to parents, teachers and police taken together as a multivariate representation of authority. The results, at both scale and item level, provide little support for the position often taken in the literature that adolescents are generally anti-authority. On the contrary the evidence points in the opposite direction with favourable attitudes being displayed to all three authority roles but in particular towards police and parents. Some of the complexities inherent in such research are pointed up with attitude to authority, represented as a tripartite dependent vector variable, being seen to vary with individual attributes such as sex and age and contextual variables such as school attended. In general girls exhibit a more favourable attitude to authority than boys, authority relationships weaken with age and organisation of schools in terms of "caring" principals result in a weakening of adult-authority relationships.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Influence of mask design on bag-mask ventilation.

Adequate positive pressure ventilation in the field or emergency department continues to represent a major challenge. A new face mask design that recently has been introduced consists of a low-pressure "balloon" through which a Guedel airway is attached and extended proximally through the mask to allow the attachment of a ventilation bag. The mask is designed to seal the nares and mouth when pressed against the face. Ventilation is achieved through the airway which extends through the mask to just above the epiglottis. We designed a study to evaluate ventilating volumes and mask leak with this mask design, and to compare these parameters with those achieved with standard masks. Thirty volunteers with varied experience in bag-mask ventilation were chosen to ventilate a specially adapted ventilation manikin connected to a test lung that was capable of simulating varied compliances. Spirometers measured volumes delivered to the ventilating bag and lung, and mask leak could be calculated from these readings. A constant rate of 12 ventilations per minute was maintained by each volunteer for two minutes. Volunteers ventilated the test lung using three masks in random sequence: the SealEasy mask (Respironics Inc, Monroeville, PA), a Laerdal mask (old type), and a transparent Robertshaw mask with inflatable black rim. The average tidal volume delivered by the SealEasy mask was consistently higher than either of the other two. Significantly (P less than .05) higher volumes were delivered with the SealEasy mask when compared to the Laerdal, and significantly lower mask leaks were seen when the SealEasy was compared to both.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1985

Regulating motor vehicle safety maintenance: can we make it cost-effective?

Our analysis suggests that a properly designed and implemented safety inspection program for motor vehicles would probably produce benefits in excess of costs, whereas most existing state programs probably produce costs well in excess of benefits. That these findings are somewhat inconclusive is both regrettable and unnecessary: the data required to carry out a satisfactory evaluation of alternative safety inspection program designs are obtainable. Unfortunately, serious policy-relevant empirical research is costly; for that reason, more conclusive findings may never be available.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1981

Diet as a coadjuvant for development of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus).

During a study of the effects of nutrition on experimental tumors in hamsters, fatal diarrhea developed. To determine the role of diet in this condition and the relationship between diet and antibiotics, two diets were used, ground commercial diet and a purified diet. Two antibiotics were used, neomycin sulfate and vancomycin. Diarrhea was evident soon after the animals were given the combination of purified diet and neomycin sulfate. Vancomycin initially acted as a suppressor of diarrhea, but hamsters fed the purified diet developed diarrhea after the drug was discontinued. None of the animals fed ground commercial diet treated with neomycin sulfate developed diarrhea. Clostridium difficile was isolated from most of the sick animals; all of the isolates of Clostridium difficile were toxigenic except one. No significant differences were seen among the Clostridium difficile isolated from different animals. Clostridium sporogenes and Clostridium tertium also were isolated from some of the animals.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1974

Increasing rural Head Start children's consumption of middle-class meals.

Rural black, economically impoverished Head Start children, whose normal diets were deficient in nutritional requirements, were not consuming the nutritional breakfasts of, to them, unfamiliar foods provided by the county school system. This study investigated a positive simple method to increase the amount of food consumed and thereby ensure proper nutrition. Teachers dispensed sugar-coated cereal and small candies paired with praise contingent on eating behaviors and rewarded children who finished the entire meal with additional treats and praise. Substantial increases were produced in the proportion of meals consumed and in the number of children observed engaged in eating behaviors. These simple traditional behavioral procedures are readily available for any staff working with economically impoverished children as one method of increasing their sampling and consumption of unfamiliar nutritious foods.

Black or African American↗