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Biomedical subjects

F Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to F Taylor.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Erythema elevatum diutinum: cutaneous vasculitis, impaired clot lysis, and response to phenformin.

Erythema elevatum diutinum consists of chronic, often painful, predominantly acral skin nodules and plaques, associated with an underlying cutaneous vasculitis. A patient with this disorder is described, who had an elevated sedimentation rate, positive antinuclear factor, impaired clot lysis, and dramatic fibrin deposition in skin vessel walls. A variety of treatments were without benefit in this case as in most others, but phenformin produced marked improvement for periods of 11 and 16 months on two occasions. Protection of the lesions from minor trauma is also important.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1976

Vitamin C and acute illness in Navajo schoolchildren.

To evaluate earlier observations, including our own, showing usefulness of vitamin C for managing the common cold, we performed a double-blind trial of vitamin C versus placebo in 868 children. There was no difference in number becoming ill (133 versus 129), number of episodes (166 versus 159) or mean illness duration (5.5 versus 5.8 days) between the groups. Children receiving vitamin C had fewer throat cultures yielding beta-hemolytic streptococcus (six versus 13, P less than 0.10), but no difference in overall complicated illness rate (24 versus 25). Plasma ascorbic acid levels were higher in the vitamin group 24 to 26 hours after supplementation (1.28 versus 1.04 mg per 100 ml, P less than 0.01). Children with high plasma ascorbic acid concentrations had longer mean illness (6.8 versus 4.0 days, P less than 0.05) than those with low levels. Vitamin C does not seem to be an effective prophylactic or therapeutic agent for upper respiratory illness.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Selection and properties of Escherichia coli mutants defective in the synthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids.

Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 defective in the synthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids (CFA) have been selected and isolated by a L-[methyl-3H]methionine suicide procedure. Two mutants were isolated. Stationary-phase cultures of both mutants contain less than 0.7% of the CFA content found in the parental strain. The CFA deficiency is attributed to a deficiency of CFA synthetase activity. Extracts of both mutants contain less than 10% of the CFA synthetase activity found in extracts of the parental strain. Experiments in which parental and mutant extracts were mixed indicate that the lack of activity in the mutant strains is not due to an inhibitor of CFA synthetase present in the mutant extracts. We have not yet detected a physiological phenotype for these mutants. These strains grow normally at various temperatures in a variety of media. We have tested survival (colony-forming ability) in response to (i) prolonged incubation in stationary phase, (ii) exposure to drying, and (iii) exposure to detergents, heavy metals, low pH, high salt concentration, and a variety of other environmental conditions. The survival of both mutants is identical to that of the parental strain under all conditions tested. The compositions (excepting the CFA deficiency) and metabolic turnover rates of the phospholipids of both mutant strains are indistinguishable from those of the wild-type strain. The transport of several amino acids also seems normal in these mutants.

Cell-Free System↗
PubMed1975

Treatment of squamous cell carcinoma involving the buccal pouch in a crab-eating macaque.

Persistent swelling of the left buccal pouch was noticed in an adult female crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis). A mass involving almost the entire musculature of the pouch was removed surgically. The histopahtologic diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma. Recurrence of the mass was treated by a combination of surgical excision and radiation therapy.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dry-grind process for fuel ethanol by continuous fermentation and stripping.

Conversion of a high-solids saccharified corn mash to ethanol by continuous fermentation and stripping was successfully demonstrated in a pilot plant consuming 25 kg of corn per day. A mathematical model based on previous pilot plant results accurately predicts the specific growth rate obtained from these latest results. This model was incorporated into a simulation of a complete dry-grind corn-to-ethanol plant, and the cost of ethanol production was compared with that of a conventional process. The results indicate a savings of $0.03 per gallon of ethanol produced by the stripping process. The savings with stripping result from the capacity to ferment a more concentrated corn mash so there is less water to remove downstream.

Ethanol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Continuous fermentation and stripping of ethanol.

Recycling the contents of a continuous fermentor through a stripping column is proposed as a means of reducing product inhibition and lowering the cost of fuel ethanol production. A 2-L fermentor and 10-cm packed column were continuously operated for 150 days without contamination. Some fouling of the packing with attached yeast cells was observed which partially blocked the column. Cell yield was lower than in a simple continuous fermentor. Complete conversion of 200 g/L glucose feed and 90% conversion of 600 g/L glucose feed were achieved. Data were analyzed by computerized process simulation. Cost analysis indicated that, with heat recovery to reduce heating and cooling costs, the continuous fermentor/stripper is possibly a lower-cost alternative to conventional fermentation and distillation.

Biotechnology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Brain blood flow and metabolism after global ischemia and post-insult thiopental therapy in monkeys.

We measured total and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF, rCBF) and cerebral metabolic rate (CMR) of oxygen (O2), glucose (G), and lactate (L) levels for 4 h after 16 min global brain ischemia in rhesus monkeys with and without post-insult thiopental therapy. Eleven monkeys weighing 4-5 kg anesthetized with 1 percent halothane, 66 percent nitrous oxide and 33 percent oxygen, were subjected to 16 min global brain ischemia by a combination of trimethaphan hypotension (to a mean arterial pressure of 50 torr) and a high pressure (1500 torr) neck tourniquet. Post-ischemia, 7 monkeys were untreated (controls) and 4 received thiopental 90 mg/kg infused intravenously over 60 min, beginning at 5 min post-ischemia. Total CBF and rCBF were measured by continuous monitoring of cerebral venous (torcula) and parietal-occipital (external scintillation) 133Xe activity, respectively, after intra-innominate artery injection of 500 micronCi 133Xe in saline. In control monkeys, hyperemia in rCBF, but not in total CBF was observed at 6-7 min post-ischemia, whereas both total CBF and rCBF increased in thiopental treated monkeys. The hyperemia in thiopental treated monkeys coincided with an increase in CMRG without a proportional increase in CMRO2 or lactate levels. Indeed, CMRO2 was depressed in the first 30 min post-ischemia. At 30 min post-ischemia, CMRO2 rose to twofold greater than pre-ischemia in control monkeys, but only to pre-ischemic levels in thiopental treated monkeys. The data suggest that thiopental therapy improves distribution of brain blood flow and brain glucose uptake early post-ischemia and depresses CMRO2 later post-ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improving pain management for hip fractured elderly.

This article discusses a quality assurance project that examined the effect of two modalities of pro re nata (PRN) analgesic medication administration on pain and mobility of elderly postoperative hip surgery patients. Several approaches to improving pain management in these patients are recommended.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rehabilitation after heart transplantation: the Australian experience.

This study was designed to assess aspects of the quality of life and rehabilitation of heart transplant recipients who had transplantations at St. Vincent's Hospital, New South Wales, Australia, between February 1984 and March 1987. Factors determining return to full-time employment were delineated. A questionnaire was sent to 51 recipients. The response rate was 92%. The questionnaire measured employment status and satisfaction with family, social, marital, and sexual life. Financial status, exercise ability, and participation in daily activities were also assessed. Analysis showed that 53% of recipients had returned to either full-time or part-time employment, home duties, or full-time study. A further 28% were receiving a pension, 9% had chosen voluntary retirement, 6% were receiving unemployment benefits, and 4% were getting paid leave. Ability to exercise was improved for 77% of recipients and remained the same for another 14%. Financial status was unchanged for 45% and improved for 17%. Thirty-eight percent believed that they were worse off financially. Ratings of social, family, and marital life showed nearly complete or complete satisfaction in most cases. Satisfaction with sex life was less favorable. Comparison of the group who had returned to full-time employment with the group receiving a pension identified two variables of work status--length of time since transplantation and employment status before transplantation. There were also some differences between the two groups on quality of life ratings.

Adolescent↗