[Significance and processes in the movement toward health insurance].
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Insurance, Health↗
Biomedical subjects
F Suzuki
Publications and source records attributed to F Suzuki.
[Antitumor activity of Ge-132, a new organogermanium compound, in mice is expressed through the functions of macrophages and T lymphocytes].
The antitumor activity of Ge-132 against a variety of allogeneic and syngeneic murine ascites tumors was first evaluated. The antitumor effects of Ge-132 were observed when mice inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma (allogeneic) or RL male 1 leukemia (syngeneic) cells were treated orally. However, Ge-132 had no activity on a T-cell lymphoma (EL 4, syngeneic) or a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma (Meth-A, syngeneic). The antitumor effect of Ge-132 in mice was related to the dose administered as well as the administration schedule. The antitumor activity of Ge-132 was next studied in mice pretreated with some blockers against immunocompetent cells. The antitumor efficacy of Ge-132 was not observed when tumor-bearing mice were treated with trypan blue and carrageenan or monoclonal anti-Thy 1.2 antibody. However, when natural killer cells were eliminated from mice bearing RL male 1 or Ehrlich ascites tumors by treatment with anti-asialo GM 1 antiserum, the antitumor efficacy of the compound was unchanged. These results suggest that Ge-132 is effective against certain ascites tumors regardless of whether the tumor is syngeneic or allogeneic. Further, its effect might be expressed through host defense mechanisms, including macrophages and/or T lymphocytes.
Animals↗
[Comparative evaluation of the thickness of the adipose layers of the anterior and posterior pelvic regions as sites of subcutaneous injections of insulin].
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Adipose Tissue↗
The ultrastructural changes of S-100 protein localization during lipolysis in adipocytes. An immunoelectron-microscopic study.
To elucidate the changes of ultrastructural localization of S-100 protein during lipolysis in adipocytes, an immunoelectron-microscopic study was performed. Epididymal fat pads from Wistar rats were incubated in the buffer with or without 10 microM epinephrine. Before incubation with epinephrine, S-100 protein was found to be associated with closely packed polysomes, the membrane of microvesicles, plasma membranes, the outer membrane of mitochondria, and the pellicle around fat droplets. In the epinephrine-treated tissues, however, S-100 protein-positive polysomes decreased drastically. S-100 protein-positive microvesicles increased in number, lined up below the plasma membranes, and fused with the plasma membrane, frequently opening into the interstitium. These microvesicles were also found around the lipid droplets. These findings, together with those of a previous report on ultrastructural changes of adipocytes during lipolysis, suggest that S-100 protein molecules interact with free fatty acids (FFAs) on their hydrophobic portions on the membrane of microvesicle and then are translocated through the cytoplasm and discharged from the surface of plasma membranes with FFAs into the interstitium. That is, S-100 protein might serve as one of carrier proteins of FFAs in adipocytes.
Adipose Tissue↗
[Ability of sera from mice treated with Ge-132, an organo-germanium compound, to inhibit experimental murine ascites tumors].
Serum specimens from mice treated orally with Ge-132 (100 mg/kg) exhibited antitumor activity against Ehrlich (allogeneic) and RL 1 (syngeneic) ascites tumors in BALB/c mice. Sera obtained from mice 24 hours after Ge-132 administration displayed the highest antitumor effect and the antitumor activity was dose-dependent. Sera prepared from mice 12, 36 or 48 hours after Ge-132 treatment had no protective effect. Circulating interferon (IFN) was induced at 24 hours after administration. The antiviral activity of serum from Ge-132-treated mice was inactivated by treatment with trypsin, low pH, and anti-IFN-gamma antiserum. The inactivated preparations of serum IFN induced by Ge-132 did not show antitumor activity when administered to mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumors. These results suggest that the antitumor activity in the sera of Ge-132-treated mice may have been expressed through IFN-gamma which was induced by Ge-132.
Animals↗
[Glycerol injection method for trigeminal neuralgia].
Twenty nine patients with trigeminal neuralgia were treated by retrogasserian glycerol injection method. Two of 29 were postherpetic and 27 were idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. The mean age of these 27 was 65.2 years old ranging from 35 to 83 and the mean duration of symptoms was 7.6 years ranging from 6 months to 25 years. As previous surgical treatment there were 9 alcohol block, 5 thermorhizotomy of the Gasserian ganglion and one microvascular decompression. Twenty-two gauge needle was introduced into the trigeminal cistern via foramen ovale under the fluoroscopic control. Before injection of glycerol trigeminal cisternography using metrizamide of 300 mgI/dl was done to ascertain whether or not the needle tip was properly placed in the cistern. Patients' neck being flexed anteriorly, pure glycerol, amounting from 0.15 to 0.6 ml, was injected into the cistern with small increments through the needle. If the needle was inserted too deeply in the cistern, it is more probable that glycerol should escape from the cistern into the posterior fossa. So it was advisable that needle tip should be placed in the bottom of the cistern. When there was no pain relief, second injection was performed usually 7 days after the first injection. Complications were as follows; dysesthesia (81%), hypertension (70%), hypalgesia and hypesthesia (48%) headache (22%), ocular dysesthesia (11%), masseter weakness (7%), hyperalgesia (7%), attack of paroxysmal pain (7%). Most of these complications subsided within 8 weeks. Dysesthesia and hypalgesia that had persisted over 8 weeks were recognized in 30% of the cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Female↗
[Measurement of the normal cervical spinal cord in metrizamide CT myelography].
The shape of the spinal cord is the most important factor in diagnosis of spinal disorders by metrizamide CT myelography (met. CT). Even in cases where the spinal cord looks normal in shape its size might be abnormal, for example in cases with spinal cord atrophy, syringomyelia, intramedullary tumor and several other conditions. In detecting the slightest abnormality in such cases, it is absolutely necessary to have in hand the knowledge of the normal size of the spinal cord at each level. We measured, therefore, the sagittal and transverse diameters of the cervical spinal cord in 55 patients with no known lesions on met. CT. Comparing our results with those by others, we found some differences as to the size of the spinal cord. We assume that these differences are due to the differences in resolution of the CT scanners used. The size of the spinal cord tends to measure larger with a CT scanner with high resolution than with others. Previous authors reported that the size of the spinal cord would vary by window center settings. Our experimental results indicate, however, that window center settings do not significantly affect the measurements. It is concluded that the normal values of the spinal cord dimensions at each level somewhat differ by CT equipments used. One should have normal values with one's own equipment in hand in order to take full advantage of this sophisticated diagnostic technique.
Adult↗
Ultrastructural heterogeneity of the basophilic cells in the allergic nasal mucosa.
Basophilic cells in scrapings and pieces of nasal mucosa removed from the inferior turbinates of adult patients with house dust nasal allergy plus pieces of the oral mucosa from normal persons were examined electron microscopically. Three distinct types of basophilic cells, ie, blood basophil leukocytes (predominantly in the subepithelium), mucosal mast cells (predominantly in the epithelium), and connective tissue mast cells (predominantly in the deeper lamina propria) were identified in the nose.
Basophils↗
[Suppression of tumor growth by peritoneal macrophages isolated from mice treated with carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide (Ge-132)].
In a murine model it has been shown that the antitumor activity of carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide (Ge-132) can be depleted by administration of macrophage (M phi) blockers. In the present study, the role that M phi play in the antitumor activity of the compound was investigated. Oral administration of Ge-132 in mice was demonstrated to be effective in activating M phi (Ge-132-cytotoxic M phi), and the cytotoxic activity of these M phi appeared in the peritoneal cavity of mice 48 hours after the oral administration of the compound. Co-cultivation of RL male-1 leukemia or Ehrlich carcinoma cells with Ge-132-cytotoxic M phi in vitro resulted in marked suppression of the growth of tumor cells. The transfer of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC), or purified M phi fractions of PEC from Ge-132-treated mice to mice bearing Ehrlich or RL male-1 ascites tumors resulted in significant protection. However, when the cytotoxic M phi were depleted by carbonyl-iron treatment in vitro, no antitumor effect was demonstrated in mice bearing Ehrlich or RL male-1 ascites tumors. Macrophage fractions obtained from PEC of Ge-132-treated mice exhibited an inhibitory effect against certain tumors both in vivo and in vitro suggesting that the antitumor effect of Ge-132 observed in vivo resulted from the activation of M phi.
Administration, Oral↗
[Antitumor effect in mice of an organic germanium compound (Ge-132) when different administration methods are used].
The antitumor effect of an organic germanium compound, carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide (Ge-132), was examined in mice using two systems: one, the ascitic form of Ehrlich carcinoma in DDI mice, and the other, the solid form of Meth-A fibrosarcoma in BALB/c mice. In the mice with Ehrlich ascitic tumors, a remarkable prolongation in life span was observed after intraperitoneal (i.p.) or per oral (p.o.) administration of Ge-132 (300 mg/kg), but not after intravenous (i.v.) injection of the same compound. Following i.p. or p.o. administration, cytotoxic macrophages (Mø) were induced in the peritoneal cavity after 48 h. although this was not the case after i.v. injections. When the in vivo effect of these in vitro active Mø was examined after adoptive transfer to mice bearing Ehrlich ascitic tumor cells, a significant antitumor effect was noted. In the mice bearing solid Meth-A tumors, i.v. injections of Ge-132 (100 mg/kg) were found to inhibit tumor growth remarkably, although i.p. and p.o. administrations did not have the same result. This inhibitory effect of Ge-132 by i.v. administration was explained by the continued augmentation of NK activity in peripheral blood, which was followed by the induction of specific killer cells appearing in the spleen. When the mice which had recovered from Meth-A tumor growth, following i.v. injections of Ge-132, were challenged with the same tumor on day 30, all mice were able to tolerate the challenge, but not a challenge of RL male 1 tumor cells. These observations may indicate that the differing antitumor effects of Ge-132 produced when different administration methods are used can be explained by the variation in effector cells induced by such different administration routes.
Administration, Oral↗
[A pharmacokinetic study of cefoperazone during percutaneous transhepatic cholangial catheterization].
The metabolic fate of cefoperazone (CPZ) was studied in 19 cases which underwent percutaneous transhepatic cholangial catheterization (PTC-catheterization, PTCC) and were under various conditions of the liver function. The peak of bile levels of CPZ immediately after PTCC differed greatly from one case to another at 12.6-7,260 micrograms/ml with 1 g intravenous injection and 23.0-5,800 micrograms/ml with 2 g intravenous injection. The ratio of the peak of bile level to the serum level immediately after PTCC showed the highest negative correlation with the serum total bilirubin level. It also showed a significant negative correlation with GOT, GPT, Al-P and LAP. The serum CPZ level and half-life showed no significant trend except half-life showed a significant correlation with LAP. The recovery rate in urine up to 12 hours was in the range of 14.8-93.6%, showing a significant correlation with the ratio of the peak of bile levels to the serum level and the date of liver function tests. The bile level, serum level and recovery rate in urine at the time the bile outflow from the catheter has become constant after PTCC (during the course of PTCC) showed a trend almost similar to that immediately after PTCC, there being no significant difference as to each parameter during the course of PTCC and immediately after PTCC. In the cases in which the sample was collected by the cross-over technique, the ratio of the peak of bile levels to the serum level from immediately after PTCC to during the course of PTCC increased in 2 cases and decreased in 6 cases. The 2 cases that showed the increase in the ratio were the case in which the serum total bilirubin level improved almost to normal. Findings above suggest that sufficient biliary decompression can improve the movement of CPZ into bile, despite the fact that the pharmacokinetics of CPZ is affected by the liver function, particularly serum total bilirubin level, that a decrease in the movement to bile and a compensatory increase in urinary excretion are observed in jaundice and disturbance of the liver function and that the ratio of the peak of bile level to the serum level decreases during the course of PTCC rather than immediately after PTCC in some cases.
Adult↗
Haemangioblastoma with multiple dural arterial supply. Case report.
A case of primary haemangioblastoma with a marked blood supply from multiple meningeal branches of the internal and external carotid arteries is reported, and the clinical implication of detailed angiographic study of unusual feeders in this highly vascular tumour is discussed.
Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
Effect of cartilage-derived factor on DNA and protein synthesis in cultured rat calvariae.
Cartilage-derived factor (CDF), a peptide closely related to the somatomedins, was studied for its effects on bone formation by examining the synthesis of DNA, collagen, and noncollagen protein in 24-96 h cultures of 21-day fetal rat calvariae. After 24 h of treatment, CDF at concentrations of 0.3-30 micrograms/ml caused a dose-dependent stimulation of the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA by 12-59%. The effect appeared and was maximal after 12 h, and was sustained for 96 h. CDF also increased the bone DNA content by 30-60%. After 24 h of treatment, CDF at 10-30 micrograms/ml had a small stimulatory effect on the incorporation of 3H-proline into collagenase-digestible protein (CDP) and noncollagen protein (NCP). The effect on the labeling of CDP and NCP was sustained for 96 h. Cortisol decreased the stimulatory effect of CDF on DNA labeling but cortisol and CDF had an additive effect on the incorporation of 3H-proline into CDP. The CDF stimulatory effect on the labeling of DNA, CDP, and NCP was seen in both the periosteum and periosteum-free calvaria. These studies indicate that CDF stimulates bone DNA, collagen, and noncollagen protein synthesis in vitro and may be a local regulator of bone growth.
Animals↗
Cytoskeleton and differentiation: effects of cytochalasin B and colchicine on expression of the differentiated phenotype of rabbit costal chondrocytes in culture.
Cytochalasin B changed the shape of cultured rabbit costal chondrocytes from polygonal to nearly spherical and stimulated glycosaminoglycan synthesis, which is a differentiated phenotype of chondrocytes, whereas colchicine changed them from polygonal to flattened and inhibited glycosaminoglycan synthesis. These morphological changes occurred parallel with the changes in glycosaminoglycan synthesis. Induction of ornithine decarboxylase by parathyroid hormone, which is a good marker of differentiated chondrocytes, was markedly potentiated in the spherical cells which had been pretreated with cytochalasin B, whereas pretreatment with colchicine inhibited the induction of the enzyme. Both cytochalasin B and colchicine inhibited DNA synthesis. The inhibitions were observed after the appearance of changes in the morphology of the cells and glycosaminoglycan synthesis. These findings suggest that intactness of microtubules and disruption of microfilaments are involved in regulating the expression of the differentiated phenotype of chondrocytes in culture.
Animals↗
Prevention of suppressed interferon gamma production in thermally injured mice by administration of a novel organogermanium compound, Ge-132.
As reported previously, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production was selectively decreased in thermally injured mice (TI-Mice) and spleen cell cultures from the mice following stimulation with various IFN inducers. The decrease in IFN production was associated with splenic suppressor macrophages. The present study demonstrated that TI-Mice treated with Ge-132 (TGe-Mice) produced IFN following stimulation with IFN-gamma inducers. The level of IFN activity detected in the sera of TGe-Mice approximated that of controls. Similar results were obtained when spleen cells prepared from TGe-Mice were stimulated with IFN-gamma inducers in vitro. While transfer of spleen cells from TI-Mice resulted in the suppression of IFN production in normal mice (N-Mice) stimulated with IFN-gamma inducers, the transfer of spleen cells derived from TGe-Mice did not induce suppression of IFN production in N-Mice. Mononuclear cells (MNC) prepared from N-Mice produced IFN following concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation when they were co-cultured with macrophage-enriched populations (PAC) obtained from the spleens of TGe-Mice. In contrast, MNC stimulated with Con A did not produce IFN activity when they were co-cultured with PAC of TI-Mice. These results suggest that the generation of suppressor macrophages in TI-Mice may be altered by the administration of Ge-132.
Animals↗
Cerebrospinal fluid entrapment cysts with subarachnoid dissemination of medulloblastoma: CT findings.
We report an unusual case of meningeal dissemination of medulloblastoma in which multiple cerebrospinal fluid entrapment cysts developed within the cerebral fissures and cisterns. The condition was first diagnosed by CT. Cysts reduced in size following radiotherapy.
Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
Enzymes of the Poly-beta-Hydroxybutyrate and Citric Acid Cycles of Rhizobium japonicum Bacteroids.
The activities of several enzymes of the citric acid and poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate cycles were measured in Rhizobium japonicum 3I1B-143 bacteroids which had been isolated from soybean nodules by sucrose gradient centrifugation. During the period of developing nitrogenase activity, the specific activity of fumarase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, beta-ketothiolase, and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex increased whereas acetoacetate-succinyl-CoA transferase and isocitrate dehydrogenase decreased. Malate dehydrogenase activity remained constant. The amount of available acetyl-CoA, based on pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, should be sufficient to support both metabolic cycles concurrently. The temporal relationship between nitrogenase activity and poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate accumulation has been reexamined.
Journal Article↗
Hormonal regulation of adipose S-100 protein release.
The release of S-100 protein from epididymal fat pads was enhanced by epinephrine in vitro, and about 50% of S-100 protein in the tissue was released into the medium after 2-h incubation at 37 degrees C with 10 microM epinephrine. Similar results were obtained with the incubation of isolated adipocytes. The S-100 protein release was also enhanced by isoproterenol, norepinephrine, ACTH, and dibutyryl cyclic AMP, which all increase the lipolysis by increasing cyclic AMP levels in the tissue. Propranolol, a beta-adrenergic blocker, could block the increase of S-100 protein release by catecholamines, indicating that the release was mediated by the beta-adrenergic effect of catecholamines. However propranolol had no suppressive effect on the enhancement of S-100 protein release by ACTH or dibutyryl cyclic AMP. Insulin had an inhibitory effect on the epinephrine-enhanced S-100 protein release. Epinephrine or ACTH could not stimulate the S-100 protein release in the absence of Ca2+, whereas the epinephrine-enhanced glycerol release was not affected under the same conditions. The increase in S-100 protein release was induced by only a pretreatment of the tissue with epinephrine. However, the lipolysis in the tissue was not enhanced by the pretreatment alone. These results indicate that the release of S-100 protein from adipocytes is regulated by the hormones that have been known to control the lipolysis with a manner slightly different from that of lipolysis.
Adipose Tissue↗