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Biomedical subjects

F Sorice

Publications and source records attributed to F Sorice.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Evaluation of automatic antimicrobial susceptibility testing with the MS-2 system.

We present the results of sensitivity of 191 Gram-negative bacteria towards the following antibiotics: aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, netilmicin), cephalosporines (moxalactam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime) and piperacilline obtained by agar diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) versus automatic system MS 2 Abbott. Essential accord expressed in percentage is for amikacin 96%, for gentamicin 93%, for moxalactam 91%, for tobramycin 95%, for cefotaxime 92%, for piperacilline 89%, for netilmicin 90%, for ceftazidime 92. Full accord gives more discrepant results especially for cephalosporins. For aminoglycosides no significative differences were observed between the two methods. For cephalosporins the incidence of discordance was a little more high. A better sensitivity was obtained by Kirby-Bauer method versus automatic system, which can be considered a therapeutical tool as it furnishes rapidly (4 hours) MIC values, useful to establish antibiotic doses.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1984

Fractionation and characterization of hydatid fluid antigens with identification of an antigen similar to human serum albumin.

Human and sheep hydatid fluids were separated by ultrafiltration, gel chromatography and immunoabsorption into several immunogenic fractions in which both parasite antigens and host substances were present. The immunological characterization of proteic antigens was carried out by immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis with rabbit and ram antisera. A line of identity was observed between a human fraction (labelled as III) and a sheep fraction (labelled as 2B). Further evidence of the presence of a parasitic antigen in fraction III was given by its reaction against an antiserum from ram directed against sheep fraction 2B. The immunological characterization of fraction III indicated a close similarity between human serum albumin and parasitic antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Anti-Ia reactivity in sera from subjects with Entamoeba histolytica infection.

Sera from 15 patients with Entamoeba histolytica infection were tested for anti T-cell antibodies by assessing cross-reacting specificities with the antigens defined by an anti-Ia hybridoma antibody. T cells prepared by sheep erythrocyte rosetting were preincubated with the test sera and then with the anti-Ia antibody. Binding of the specific monoclonal antibody was assessed by rosetting with ox erythrocytes conjugated with goat anti-mouse IgG. Eight sera from amoebic patients were found to block the binding of monoclonal mouse hybridoma anti Ia-antibody to T cells. Blocking of anti-Ia binding was not due to Fc IgG receptor binding by immune complexes nor was it HLA-DR restricted. T cells pre-treatment with the amoebic sera positive for anti-Ia activity showed reduced activity when tested in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR). The results of our study seem to suggest the existence of specific anomalies of immunoregulation during E. histolytica infection which may play a role in inducing immune disregulation in vivo.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The effect of NPT 15392, 9-(erythro-2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)-6-hydroxypurine, on the phytohemagglutinin of OKT3+, OKT4+, OKT8+, and OKM1+ cell-depleted and undepleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

NPT 15392, 9-(erythro-2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)-6-hydroxypurine, has been reported to influence immunological responses involving different cell types. Herein data are obtained by studying the influence of NPT 15392 on the phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced proliferative responses of unfractionated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and of cell suspensions, which have been depleted of the cell subsets recognized by the monoclonal antibodies OKT3, OKT4, OKT8, and OKM1, in an attempt to identify which cell types respond to NPT 15392 in the PHA-driven blast transformation assay. The proliferative responses of unfractionated peripheral blood lymphocytes are potentiated when the drug is employed at the concentration of 0.1 microgram/ml and inhibited when NPT 15392 is added to the cell suspensions at concentrations over 5 micrograms/ml. The data reported here suggest that this phenomenon is a composite effect, made up of a combination of the counteracting effects caused by the OKT4+ cells on the one hand, and the OKT8+ and OKM1+ cells on the other.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Pharmacokinetic assessment of immunosuppressive activity of antibiotics in human plasma by a modification of the mixed lymphocyte reaction.

Antibiotics may impair the development and expression of specific or nonspecific immune responses. Prophylactic administration of antibacterial antibiotics is widely used in ICUs. We studied the immunosuppressive activities of cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, metronidazole, and rifamycin as a function of time after the administration of these drugs to ICU patients, finding that the last 4 drugs had an immunosuppressive activity detectable up to 8 h by a mixed lymphocyte reaction. When these antimicrobial agents were added to normal pooled plasma in concentrations similar to those obtained in vivo, a similar degree of inhibition was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Radial counter-immunoelectrophoresis in the determination of specific anti-hydatidosis antibodies. Preliminary observations].

Radial counter-immunoelectrophoresis was evaluated with sera from surgically-confirmed hydatidosis cases, patients with other parasitic diseases and healthy controls. Radial counter-immunoelectrophoresis was a sensitive as classic counter-immunoelectrophoresis based on the same positivity criterion and was equally specific for the immunodiagnosis of human hydatidosis. The procedure appears to be simple and rapid (the immunoprecipitation step requires just 5 minutes) and merits consideration.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1983

Detection and partial characterization of circulating immune complexes in hydatid disease.

Thirty sera from eight patients with disseminated or localized hydatid disease have been examined for the presence of circulating immune complexes (CICs) by the conglutinin-binding assay and for immunoglobulin levels. The highest levels of CICs were of the immunoglobulin A (IgA) class, with lower values of IgG-CIC and IgM-CIC; these results did not correlate, except for IgG, with the free immunoglobulin levels. Efforts to identify parasitic antigen(s) involved in the CIC formation with different methods have been unsuccessful. In the follow-up of each patient, CIC appeared to be better correlated to clinical conditions than to hemagglutination titers. We have concluded that the presence of CIC in hydatid disease is probably an expression of B-cell polyclonal activation and that these complexes are valuable in the clinical monitoring of the disease.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1983

LDH isoenzyme distribution in human eosinophils.

The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme pattern has been determined in human eosinophils isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors and patients with parasitic diseases. Almost equal LDH1 and LDH5 values appear to be a characteristic of the eosinophils obtained from healthy subjects. Eosinophilic granulocytes which have been isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with eosinophilia due to parasitic infestations have reduced values of LDH5 accompanied by higher LDH1 as compared with eosinophils from healthy donors. Centrifugation of cells through multiple discontinuous gradients of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silica particles made it possible to isolate distinct eosinophil subpopulations of differing densities which showed differences in cell surface markers, K-cell activity and also LDH patterns. Analysis of the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme patterns showed that EAG+ and EAC+ eosinophilic leukocytes are characterized by very low values of LDH5.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Preliminary results of immune response to hepatitis B (HB) vaccine (Pasteur) in adults.

Antibody responses were estimated in 42 healthy high risk volunteers submitted to three monthly intradeltoid inoculations of a 5 micrograms HBs vaccine containing both subtypes adw and ayw. The presence and concentration of anti-HBs varied according to individual responses and the number of injections. One month after the 1st dose those responding numbered 19%, one month after the 2nd the number rose to 83,3%, and reached 100% one month after the 3rd dose. In a few cases antibody levels were low (less than or equal to 50 mIU/ml), while in most subjects they rose after the 2nd dose, reaching high titres. Concordance and comparability of anti-HBs concentration were achieved by three different measurements (S/N, RIA Units, mIU/ml). No important side effects were observed. The timing of booster doses is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Human peripheral eosinophils with receptors for IgM: demonstration and ultrastructural morphology.

Receptors for IgM were detected on peripheral blood human eosinophils by a rosette technique with ox red blood cells coated with the IgM fraction of the specific immunserum. Between 14% and 43% (mean 27%) FcmuR positive cells were found after an overnight incubation period at 37 degrees C by using this technique. The specificity of the receptors for IgM was assessed by studying the inhibitory capacity of purified human IgM in the rosette assay. From an ultrastructural point of view, the EAM rosette-forming cells are mature eosinophilic granulocytes characterized by a nucleus with a variable number of lobes and a certain number of "first type" granules partially or totally devoid of their content.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1982

Vitamins and immunity: II. Influence of L-carnitine on the immune system.

Vitamin A affects the antibody responses and may affect phagocytic function and properdin levels. Pyridoxine deficiency impairs nucleic acid synthesis and depresses antibody formation, delayed hypersensitivity reactions and the ability of phagocytes to kill bacteria. Pantothenic acid deficiency impairs antibody formation. Vitamin C deficiency increases the incidence of infection, primary by a negative influence on reparative processes. Deficiencies of other vitamins either have not been sufficiently studied or have a variable effect. Moreover, even substances which for their biosynthesis require an adequate vitamin supplementation may exert immunomodulatory influences. With this respect the authors report their results on the influence of L-carnitine on the immune system. L-carnitine increases the proliferative responses of both murine and human lymphocyte following mitogenic stimulation and increase polymorphonuclear chemotaxis. Furthermore, L-carnitine, even at minimal concentrations, neutralizes the lipid induced immunosuppression.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Reversibility by L-carnitine of immunosuppression induced by an emulsion of soya bean oil, glycerol and egg lecithin.

Experimental and clinical data appear to indicate that Intralipid--an emulsion of soya bean oil, glycerol and egg lecithin--which is usually employed to improve caloric intake of parenteral nutrition regimens, may compromise human host defence mechanisms and therefore expose patients to an increased incidence of infectious diseases. Since from a biochemical point of view it has been suggested that a possible way whereby the somewhat poor reputation of Intralipid--attributable to the liver damage and the persistent lipaemia which attend its use--might be improved is to give supplementary carnitine which acts as a rate-limiting factor in the removal of the fat emulsion from blood, we hypothesized that the addition of carnitine to Intralipid could also result in a improvement of the immune responses both "in vitro" and "in vivo". Our results lend some support to the hypothesis in favour of a metabolic basis for some of the immunosuppressive properties of Intralipid and justify the inclusion of L-carnitine in parenteral nutrition regimens which, by abrogating some co-factor limitation, improves the immune responses of the host.

Carnitine↗
PubMed1982

Human eosinophils and parasitic diseases. II. Characterization of two cell fractions isolated at different densities.

A new procedure, based on centrifugation through multiple discontinuous gradients of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silica particles has been developed for the separation of almost pure eosinophils from blood samples of healthy donors. When this technique is employed for the purification of eosinophils from the peripheral blood of patients with parasitic diseases, two cell fractions almost pure in eosinophil granulocytes are harvested at different densities. Preliminary results, concerning the characterization of these cell fractions, indicate that in the terms of detectable membrane receptors and K cell activity, two distinct eosinophil subpopulations can be recognized.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of vitamin B6 on some immune responses in chronic uremia (author's transl)].

Patients with chronic uremia undergoing periodic haemodialysis were found to have low levels of vitamin B6 (12 out of 18 patients). The same subjects also showed a reduction of the immunocompetence. The AA. report that the administration of pyridoxine (100 mg/die for 4 weeks) can induce a normalization of the vitamin levels and of some immunological parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Human eosinophils and parasitic diseases: light and electron microscopy evidence of interaction with sheep erythrocyte.

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible formation of spontaneous rosettes between human eosinophils and sheep erythrocytes. In patients with parasitic diseases a percentage of 15.7 +/- 6 (range 6-23%), eosinophils were able to form rosettes. Each rosette showed as few as four to eight erythrocytes attached per eosinophil. Two types of interaction were observed at the electron microscope: point attachments and large surface contacts. In patients with non-parasite induced eosinophilia the formation of rosettes is decidedly below the above-mentioned percentage (less than 2%) or totally absent. It follows that during parasitic infections with blood eosinophilia, whatever the mechanism responsible, the formation of spontaneous rosettes could be diagnostic significance and might reflect qualitative or quantitative modifications in the eosinophil population.

Cell Survival↗