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Biomedical subjects

F Scaglione

Publications and source records attributed to F Scaglione.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Kinetics of penetration and clearance of mezlocillin in the bronchopulmonary tract.

Mezlocillin is an expanded spectrum semisynthetic penicillin for parenteral administration, with a good activity against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria including most anaerobes. The pharmacokinetic parameters of mezlocillin were determined in serum and sputum at the first and the seventh day of treatment with 1 g/im/12 h in patients suffering from bronchopulmonary infections. In a second group of volunteer patients who had to undergo surgery for lung cancer, mezlocillin levels in pulmonary tissue and the corresponding serum levels were determined at different times after drug administration. The data obtained made it possible to obtain information on the penetration and clearance of this drug in the bronchopulmonary tract in comparison with that of the serum. The pharmacokinetic behaviour of mezlocillin ensures an efficient antibacterial action in the respiratory tract.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1984

[Report of two cases of human ocular dirofilariasis in Sicily].

Two human cases of subconjunctival dirofilariasis, observed in Mazara del Vallo (Trapani) area, are described. A survey carried out in the same area revealed the presence of D. repens in 15 of the 46 dogs examined. The worms surgically removed, were found to be immature females with characters in agreement with the description of D. conjunctivae (Addario, 1885) Desportes 1939-40. When compared with females of D. repens obtained by experimental infection of the cat, a host not entirely suitable for this parasite, no taxonomically significant differences were discovered.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pharmacokinetics of Sobrerol in chronic bronchitis. Comparison of serum and bronchial mucus levels.

The pharmacokinetic profile of Sobrerol, a mucolytic drug, has been studied in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and dense sputum. In addition to measurement of serum and urine levels, the concentration in bronchial mucus was also examined, and their correlation was calculated. Mass fragmentographic analysis was used to assay free sobrerol and its principal urinary metabolites hydrated carvone and glucuronidated sobrerol. After the doses and administration routes used, there appeared to be accumulation of sobrerol in bronchial mucus. This is a feature of great interest and value for a drug which has the specific action of liquifying mucus.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Activity and tolerability of domifen bromide in patients affected by acute infectious dental diseases: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Thirty-one patients (21 M and 10 F), affected by acute infectious dental disease, were treated with domifen bromide (A) or placebo (Pl). It was found that A had a beneficial effect on the results of clinical controls and reduced the need for the concomitant use of an antibiotic (p = 0.001 and p = .008 respectively). Furthermore, after two days of treatment with A, there was a significant decrease in pain and inflammation (p less than 0.01). A alone or in combination with an antibiotic elicits a good response, improves the prognosis and reduces the number of days of illness.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Evaluation of domifen bromide in the treatment of acute infectious oral diseases.

By means of a double blind, placebo controlled trial, we have studied 29 patients (14 M and 15 F) affected by different acute infectious oral diseases. Our results suggest that domifen bromide may be useful in treating infectious oral diseases in combination with antibiotics, and in relieving pain and inflammation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Cefoperazone pharmacokinetics and sputum levels after single/multiple i.m. injections in bronchopneumopathic patients and bone, pulmonary and prostatic tissue penetration.

Cefoperazone is a third-generation semisynthetic injectable cephalosporin. It has been reported that cefoperazone has beta-lactamase resistance and quite a broad antimicrobial spectrum against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms and most anaerobes. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of cefoperazone were examined in a group of 10 patients suffering from acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, with purulent or mucopurulent expectorations. Cefoperazone was administered at the dose of 1 g i.m. every 12 hours. Serum and urinary parameters and the profile of bronchial mucus diffusion were assessed after the first administration and during the whole period of treatment which lasted for 7 days. In a second, third, and fourth group of volunteer patients who had to undergo surgical operations, bone, lung and prostatic penetration of cefoperazone was determined in correlation with serum levels.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1983

Pharmacokinetics and sputum levels of josamycin after single and multiple administrations in bronchopneumopathic patients.

Josamycin is a new macrolide antibiotic with low toxicity and effective therapeutic activity in many bacterial diseases, particularly bronchopulmonary infections. In the present study the pharmacokinetics of josamycin were investigated in a group of 10 patients suffering from acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, with purulent or mucopurulent expectoration. Patients were given one oral administration of 1 g of josamycin every 12 hours for seven days. Serum, urinary parameters and the profile of bronchial mucus diffusion were assessed after the first and the last administration.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1982

Clinical pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime and penetration in sputum, bone, and prostatic tissue.

Cefotaxime is a new powerful methoxycephalosporin with a broad anti-microbial spectrum, suitable for parenteral administration. In the present study, the concentrations of cefotaxime in serum and in bronchial secretion were determined after intramuscular injection of 1 gm every eight hours for seven days. Subjects were patients suffering from an exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Serum levels versus time curve were interpreted in terms of a one-compartment open model. Pharmacokinetic parameters after single and multiple doses were investigated. No evidence of significant accumulation was found. Furthermore, a type of in vivo rate of killing with cefotaxime was investigated by evaluating the decrease in the number of colonies in bronchial mucus cultures daily for seven days. In two groups of volunteers who had to undergo surgery, bone and prostatic concentrations of cefotaxime were determined and correlated with serum levels.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetic behavior of S-carboxymethylcysteine-Lys in patients with chronic bronchitis.

A mass fragmentographic technique was used to study the pharmacokinetic behavior of SCMC-Lys in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and with dense expectoration. Serum and urine levels, as well as bronchial mucus levels and their correlations, were determined. The data suggest that SCMC-Lys diffuses well into bronchial mucus, a useful feature for a mucolytic drug.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1981

Bactericidal activity of erythromycin in the respiratory system.

In vivo and in vitro studies were carried out to assess tha levels in bronchial mucus of ampicillin, amoxycillin, bacampicillin, cefotaxime and erythromycin, and to compare their minimum bactericidal concentrations and killing rate against hospital strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Haemophilus influenzae. Both the percentage ratios of serum/mucus concentration peaks and of serum/mucus area under the concentration time curve values were higher for erythromycin than for the other antibiotics. Determination of the minimum bactericidal concentrations showed that the bacterial strains were sensitive to small quantities of erythromycin, and the time necessary to sterilize inocula varied from 4 to 16 hours.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1981

Clinical pharmacokinetic evaluation of bacampicillin.

Bacampicillin is a recently synthesized prodrug of ampicillin. It differs from ampicillin in having an ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl group attached to the carboxyl group in C3 of the penicillin nucleus, thus forming an ester with higher bioavailability than ampicillin. The present study was carried out in 30 patients suffering from acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Bacampicillin was administered orally according to the following outline: Group A--800 mg, group B--1,200 mg, and group C--1,800 mg. The peak mean serum levels were 9.50, 12.07, and 15.83 micrograms/ml, respectively, and were reached in one hour with all doses. The peak mean bronchial mucus levels were 0.49, 0.62, and 0.95 micrograms/ml, respectively, and were achieved in four hours with all doses. During the eight hours after administration of the antibiotic, 71%, 68%, and 73% of the administered doses were excreted in the urine. Blood levels versus time curve were interpreted in terms of a one-compartment open model. Bronchial mucus and serum peaks were in good correlation with progressive doses.

Ampicillin↗