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Biomedical subjects

F Sauger

Publications and source records attributed to F Sauger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Local and systemic activation of the whole complement cascade in human leukocytoclastic cutaneous vasculitis; C3d,g and terminal complement complex as sensitive markers.

We have studied complement activation both in plasma samples and in lesional skin from patients with leukocytoclastic cutaneous vasculitis (LCV). Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) quantification of the complement activation markers, C3d,g and the terminal complement complex (TCC) in plasma, showed that their levels were significantly increased in 66% and 55% of the patients, respectively (n = 29) compared with healthy controls, whereas the standard measurements of C3, factor B, C1q, C4 and C2 were generally within normal range. Elevations of C3d,g and TCC levels in plasma were significantly correlated. Importantly, a significant correlation was found between the severity of the vasculitis and both C3d,g and TCC plasma levels. Immunofluorescence studies of skin biopsy specimens demonstrated simultaneous presence of perivascular dermal deposits of C3d,g and TCC in lesional skin from 96% and 80% respectively of the patients (n = 25). There was a significant correlation between the intensity of the deposits of both markers. Clusterin, a TCC inhibitory protein, was always found at the same sites of perivascular TCC deposits. Immunofluorescence studies at the epidermal basement membrane zone (BMZ) revealed in each case deposits of C3d,g which were accompanied by TCC deposits in 52% of the biopsy specimens. These data demonstrate that there is a local and systemic activation of the whole complement cascade in human LCV. The presence of both C3d,g and clusterin-associated TCC perivascular deposits suggests an intervention of a regulatory mechanism of local complement activation in LCV. Finally, measurement of plasma C3d,g and TCC appears to be a sensitive indicator of systemic complement activation and disease severity in LCV.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Study of the complement system. General principles and perspectives].

Measurement of complement in clinical medicine is traditionally based on the determination of CH50 and immunochemical and/or functional measurement of complement proteins C1q, factor B, C3 and C4. The interpretation of these measurements, as far as complement activation is concerned, can however be difficult as these tests do not allow to discriminate between consumption due to activation, hereditary deficiency, increased rate of synthesis or even hyposynthesis. This explains why their use as markers of evolutivity in diseases where complement activation is occurring has given variable results. New tests for complement activation have been more recently introduced. These are mainly the measurements of the anaphytotoxins, the degradation products of C3 and the membrane attack complex. As these tests reflect more directly complement activation, they may be more reliable markers. The immunochemical and functional measurements of C1-inhibitor are of special interest as they are the tests which allow definitive diagnosis of the hereditary angio-oedema. General principles for the interpretation of the different tests used to evaluate the complement system are presented and discussed.

Anaphylatoxins↗
PubMed1989

Rehabilitation of microsomal enzymes in malnourished rats: comparison of parenteral versus oral refeeding.

Protein malnutrition decreases the activity of drug-metabolizing liver microsomal enzymes. In the first part of our study, we evaluated those enzymes during malnutrition and refeeding. Then we compared the effects of different nutritional patterns on these parameters. During malnutrition (M), rats were fed a 5% casein diet. During refeeding, they were randomized in 3 groups: oral refeeding (20% casein diet: A), continuous total parenteral nutrition (TPN: B) and oral energy refeeding (glucose + lipids) + continuous amino-acid infusion (C). Rats were sacrificed before and at various times during malnutrition and refeeding (2 to 28 days). There was no difference in caloric intake between the 3 groups. Nitrogen balance was not different in A and B. It was lower in C, though nitrogen intake was not different. Body and liver weights were not different between the 3 groups. Microsomal proteins and cytochrome P-450 were improved in A and B but not in C compared to M. Our results suggest that TPN (but not continuous amino-acids infusion + oral energy intake) is as effective as oral nutrition on rehabilitation of microsomal enzymes in malnourished rats.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Biochemical exploration of azoospermia: interest of the seminal transferrin assay.

Seminal transferrin is considered a good index of Sertoli cell function. In this study, including 19 control subjects, four vasectomized subjects and 65 non-vasectomized subjects with azoospermia, transferrin was measured concomitantly with other classical biochemical seminal markers such as L-carnitine, fructose and zinc. This parameter should provide additional information for differentiation between obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia. A threshold value of 85 micrograms/ejaculate for transferrin was defined in the control and the vasectomized groups. The 65 subjects with azoospermia were divided into five groups according to L-carnitine and transferrin threshold values; the nature of azoospermia (obstructive or non-obstructive) was considered in each group. In the biological investigation of sterility, the measurement of transferrin provided information as to the aetiology of azoospermia. However, the determination of L-carnitine and fructose remains important in the localization of any obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Reflux esophagitis: respective roles of esophageal and gastric pathogenic factors].

Multiple factors contribute to the production of esophagitis in gastroesophageal reflux (GER), but the respective roles of esophageal (i. e. lower esophageal sphincter (LES) tone, peristalsis) and gastric factors (i. e. acid secretion and gastric emptying) are not well known. The aim of this work was to study the frequency and the severity of esophageal and gastric abnormalities observed in the same patients and to correlate these findings with the degree of esophagitis. Thirty-three consecutive patients with GER proven by esophageal pH recording (3-hr postprandial pH-test) were classified according to the presence (group A, n = 18) or absence (group B, n = 15) of severe esophagitis (i. e. erosions, ulcerations, or stenosis) at endoscopy. LES basal tone and esophageal peristalsis were studied by manometry. Gastric acid secretion and emptying of liquids were measured by intragastric titration coupled with the dye dilution technique. Results obtained in GER patients were compared with those found in twenty-three normal subjects. Hypotonia of LES (i. e. LES tone less than 7 cm H2O) was more frequent in group A (72 p. 100) than in group B patients (30 p. 100, p less than 0.05). Magnitude of esophageal peristaltic waves was lower in group A than in group B (p less than 0.10). When compared to values found in normal subjects, gastric emptying and acid secretion were not significantly different both in presence and in absence of esophagitis. There was no linear correlation between esophageal pH parameters and acid secretion values or gastric emptying rates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Analysis of different factors affecting results of the surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux].

Gastric emptying, gastric secretion and esophageal pH were studied prospectively in 32 patients who had either a Lortat-Jacob type operation (n = 7) or a fundoplication with a 360 degrees (n = 4), 270 degrees (n = 5) or 180 degrees (n = 16) gastric fundic wrap. The goal was to determine the effects of various antireflux mechanisms on these functions as well as to try to explain abnormal postoperative esophageal pH scoring indexes. Esophageal pH was recorded during the 3 h period following a standard meal. Acid reflux was expressed using a scoring index taking into account the duration and magnitude of pH fall. Preoperatively, all patients had an abnormal pH scoring index. Postoperatively, the pH scoring index remained increased in 7 patients (group A) and returned to normal values in 25 (group B). Clinical data, esophageal pH parameters and gastric acid secretion measured preoperatively were not significantly different in the two groups of patients. Preoperative gastric emptying for liquids was shorter in group A than in group B patients (p less than 0.05). Postoperative gastric emptying of radiopaque markers was not different in the two groups of patients. Postoperative resting pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter was always less than 10 cm H2O in group A and more than 10 cm H2O in group B patients. Changes in lower esophageal pressure after surgery were higher in group B than in group A patients (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Value of the determination of beta-2-microglobulin in the monitoring of myeloma. Apropos of 290 determinations].

The authors first established a correlation between serum 2 microglobulin (beta 2 m) and creatinine (beta 2m) mg/1) = 0.033 X creatinine (mumol/l) + 0.236) in order to be able to calculate the ratio of measured theoretical beta 2 m, as a function of cell production only. Comparison of this ratio with total tumour mass. calculated according to Durie and Salmon, for 290 estimations, gave a very significant correlation (r = 0.31; p less than 0.0001). This correlation was also significant for the 70 estimations made in cases of myelomas with little or no secretion (7 light chain, 1 non-secreting, 1 IgD and 1 IgM) where the estimation is of the greatest importance as an indication of the course.

Beta-Globulins↗
PubMed1981

[Erythrocyte bilirubin: practical implications of variations in concentration (author's transl)].

The values of red blood cell bilirubin and unconjugated plasma bilirubin have been measured simultaneously in 31 blood samples of 21 new-born infants with deep jaundice. The methods of measurement used by the authors have proved quite reliable and there is good correlation between both values. The concentrations rise together with the bilirubin/albumin molecular ratio. Nevertheless even with a low ratio, the red blood cell bilirubin rises to high levels when acidosis is present.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1977

[A case of analbuminaemia (author's transl)].

A new case of analbuminaemia is described in a 6 month old child of algerian origin. The condition was discovered fortuitously, the clinical manifestations consisting only of slight oedema. Serum albumin concentration was 64 mg/l and its immunochemical behavior identical to that of normal albumin. The body react by an increase in the synthesis of globulins. In the propositus, levels of alpha, antitrypsin, caeruloplasmin, haptoglobin, jalpha2 macroglobulin, transferrin, immunoglobulin M were more than 3 times normal. Analysis of non-esterified fatty acids normally carried by albumin was normal. By contrast, it was shown that the presence of free bilirubin not bound to proteins was detected from 17 micronmol/l. Study of the family showed a normal distribution of albumin and globulins. The genetic origin seen in previously reported cases was confirmed by the co-sanguinity of the parents.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1976

[Biochemical modifications in a case of analbuminemia (author's transl)].

A new case of analbuminemia is described for a six month old child of Algerian origin. The serum albumin concentration was 64 mg/l and its immunochemical action was identical to that of normal albumin. The system reacted by an increase of the synthesis of globulins. For the subject, the alpha1-antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, alpha2-macroglobulin, transferrin and immunoglobulins M contents were three times higher than the standard figures. However, it was possible to show that the presence of free bilirubin independent from proteins could be detected at a concentration of 17 mumol/l.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1976

[Biochemical study on the 1st case of analbuminemia in France].

A new case of analbuminemia was described as follows for a six month's old child of Algerian origin. The discovery of the disease was made by chance, the clinical signs were limited to small oedema. The serum albumin concentration was 64 mg/1 and its immunochemical action was identical to that of normal albumin. The system reacted by an increase of the synthesis of globulins. For the subject, the alpha1-antitrypsin, ceruleoplasmin, hatoglobin, alpha2-macroglobulin, transferrin, immunoglobulins M contents were three times higher than the standard figures. The analysis of the distribution of non esterified fatty acids ususally carried by albumin was normal. On the other hand, it was possible to show that the presence of free bilirubin independant from proteins could be detected for a concentration of 17 micronmol/l. A study of the family showed a standard repartition of albumin and globulins. The genetic origin observed in the symptoms was confirmed by the consanguinity of the parents.

Algeria↗