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Biomedical subjects

F Saegesser

Publications and source records attributed to F Saegesser.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Ischemic diseases of the large intestine.

The blood flow within the walls of the digestive tract must be sufficient to maintain its structural and functional integrity. All episodes of vascular insufficiency cause ischemic damage to the organ and carry the threat of diffuse or focal necrosis. Certain forms of ischemic colitis or proctitis arise from episodes of reduced peripheric or splanchnic blood flow; indeed, those that do not culminate in necorsis of the colonic wall are more frequently caused by hemodynamic disorders than by vascular occlusions. The crisis is often mitigated by the development of collateral circulation, which is nevertheless of rather meager quality, such that the patients are very vulnerable to subsequent slight changes in cardiac output. Necrotic, gangrenous ischemic colitis arises from a combination of occlusive damage to the arteries and general hemodynamic disturbances. The vascular insufficiency might be slight or severe, temporary or long-lasting, localized or diffuse. In addition, the attack occurs in a septic medium in the presence of an abundant microbial flora that may be highly pathogenic. Thus infection complicates and aggravates the ischemic damage, with the result that the gangrenous aspect of the lesions tends to hide their ischemic origin. Indeed, the variability of the manifestations of the disease represents one of its primary characteristics and is a function of the different causative factors. A knowledge of the anatomy and pathophysiology of the splanchnic circulation and its hemodynamics is essential for a full appreciation of the diagnosis and treatment of the disorders and for the adoption of the aggressive approach necessary to improve the poor prognosis of ischemic diseases of the colon and rectum. The salient points have been stressed in the present chapter. The features of the different forms of the disease have been described, together with the necessary medical treatment and the indications for surgical for surgical intervention. In the relatively rare cases where operation is necessary, the tactics and techniques have been described. All treatment should be based on (a) constant, prolonged intensive care; (b) precise monitoring of any change in status; and (c) rapid excision of any necrotic (often gangrenous) tissue. Ischemic colitis is most likely to occur in elderly patients with a history of cardiovascular disease, but it is not excluded in younger individuals. It is a frequent entity and is potentially lethal. Although its clinical, radiological, and anatomical characteristics permit its classification as a separate disease, it is often confused with other disorders of the colon. Although the abdominal surgeon is most likely to be concerned with this disease, the vascular surgeon who attacks the lower aorta should always be on the lookout for possible occurrences of segmentary ischemia of the distal colon as a result of his intervention.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Surgical treatment of hyperlipidemia by partial ileal by-pass].

This study is composed of 7 hyperlipidaemic patients (type II, n = 4; type IV, n = 3), aged 33 to 59 years. These patients underwent a partial ileal by-pass, and the immediate post-operative period was uneventful. Six months post-operatively, serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were 45 and 44% of the pre-operative values. Serum electrolytes remained unchanged as well as liver function tests. In the first few days post-operatively, diarrhoea was a frequent complaint; by the 6th post-operative month, the stools numbered 2-3 per day in patients not receiving any medical treatment. Average weight loss was 6 +/- 1.3%. These preliminary results may confirm that partial ileal by-pass produces favourable metabolic changes. However, screening for late complications is to be further investigated, and the effectiveness of the operative procedure must still be evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Compression of the celiac trunk by the median arcuate ligament].

A relatively large series of 20 operated patients, aged 28 to 66 years, with median arcuate ligament syndrome is presented. There has been a change in the pattern of presentation of this condition in recent years. Early diagnosis can now be made with greater frequency than previously. The origin and the symptoms due to the intermittent, chronic abdominal ischaemia are discussed. The preliminary results suggest that surgical decompression is effective in inducing favourable changes in 60% of patients.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

[Blood flow disorders of the colon and rectum and their therapy].

Ischemic colitis or proctitis shows three evolutionary stages. a. complete recovery, b. fibrous stenosis, and c. acute ischemia leading to gangrene. The two first stages result more frequently from hemodynamic disorders than from vascular occlusions because, in the presence of the latter, collateral circulation develops. In addition, the colonic ischemia occurs in a septic medium in the presence of an abundant microbial flora which may be highly pathogenic.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Bronchopulmonary hamartomas, chondromas, fibromas and myxomas].

The observation of 23 bronchopulmonary hamartomas, 9 chondromas, one fibroma and one myxoma has provided insight into the particularities of these tumors. The group of hamartomas, tumors of "erroneous mixture of tissue", included 20 cases which can be considered a malformation of the entodermal bronchial anlage, and 3 cases which can be regarded as a malformation of the mesenchymal anlage. The first type consists of multiple cleft-like spaces surrounded by ciliated and cuboidal epithelium. There are no alveolar cells. Cartilaginous, fibrous, myxomatous and lipomatous tissue and lymphocytes are also found. The second type consists mainly of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells with tubules, lined by cuboidal epithelial cells or an intestinal type of mucus-secreting epithelium. There may be some immature alveoli, but no ciliated epithelium is found. In contrast to the hamartomas, the chondromas are not derived from a dysontogenetic malformation of the bronchopulmonary tissue but are tumors which develop directly from the bronchial cartilage and are for this reason mainly localized in the endobronchial region. A special form seen in one case is association of pulmonary chondromas, gastric leiomyomas or leiosarcomas and extra-adrenal paraganglioma, though the latter is not always present.

Adult↗