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Biomedical subjects

F Ross

Publications and source records attributed to F Ross.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Karyotypic evolution in a granulocytic sarcoma developing in a myeloproliferative disorder with a novel (3;4) translocation.

A 59-year-old man presented with a granulocytic sarcoma arising in the manubrium, and splenomegaly. The blood count showed 1.2 x 10(9)/l eosinophils and a marrow aspirate was hypercellular with eosinophilia. Cytogenetic analysis of the marrow revealed a novel t(3;4) (p13;q12) and analysis of cells aspirated from the granulocytic sarcoma showed the same abnormality and an additional trisomy 8. Intensive chemotherapy and local radiotherapy led to resolution of the chest mass but persistence of the chromosome translocation in the marrow.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3↗
PubMed1994

The use of epidemiological concepts and techniques to discern factors associated with the nitrate concentration of well water on swine farms in the USA.

This epidemiological study investigates the relationship between various factors associated with swine farms and the nitrate concentration of well water in the USA. Through a random sampling procedure, 605 swine farms located in 18 states were selected for inclusion in this study. A total of 631 well water samples were collected from these farms and tested for a variety of elements and compounds. The concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, chloride, sodium, potassium, ammonia, fluoride, bromide and lithium were determined by an ion chromatograph while an inductively coupled argon plasma emission spectrophotometer was used to determine the concentrations of calcium, magnesium, barium, zinc, iron and phosphate. Data concerning various farm factors were gathered via a personally administered questionnaire. The data were examined using both multiple linear regression and logistic regression. Results indicate that 53.6% (338/631) of the wells contained detectable levels of nitrate, 11.7% (74/631) had nitrate levels exceeding 45 ppm and 4.3% (27/631) exceeded 100 ppm. Logistic models demonstrated an association between nitrate concentrations > 45 ppm, increasing water potassium levels and wells < 100 ft deep. Nitrate levels > 100 ppm were related to increasing water concentrations of potassium, magnesium, barium and zinc, wells 6-10 years old, increasing distance from the study farm to the nearest cattle farm and a greater distance to the nearest waterway located off the study farm. A negative association was seen between nitrate concentrations > 100 ppm, the water level of sulfate, and the use of the same well to supply both the household and livestock. Multiple linear regression models revealed a positive association between increasing nitrate concentration and the water levels of chloride, calcium, zinc and the greater number of miles from the study farm to the nearest farm with cattle or sheep. A negative association was noted between the concentration of well water nitrate and the water levels of sulfate and ammonia, the use of water treatment, the number of miles to the nearest farm with poultry, the employment of water treatment and the use of the same well to supply water to both livestock and the household.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1991

Serial dexamethasone suppression tests and plasma dexamethasone levels. Effects of clinical response to electroconvulsive therapy in major depression.

Serial 1-mg dexamethasone suppression tests with concurrent plasma dexamethasone assessments were conducted in 58 patients with endogenous depression treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Plasma cortisol levels decreased significantly from pretreatment to immediately posttreatment, and they declined further during the first week after the ECT course, when patients remained drug free. Plasma dexamethasone levels showed an opposite pattern of progressive increases over these three time points. The progressive changes in plasma dexamethasone and cortisol levels seen during the week after ECT indicate that alterations in the bioavailability of dexamethasone and in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function may be incomplete immediately after the ECT course. This may partly account for previous inconsistencies in serial dexamethasone suppression test findings with this treatment modality. The major finding was that clinical response was associated with increased plasma dexamethasone levels, whereas changes in cortisol levels were independent of clinical outcome. With ECT, changes in plasma dexamethasone levels may be more related to changes in clinical state than changes in postdexamethasone cortisol levels. The extent to which clinical recovery with other treatments in depression is associated with altered bioavailability of dexamethasone and perhaps other compounds is unknown and in need of investigation.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Management of gastric outlet obstruction caused by ovarian cancer.

Three patients with ovarian cancer who developed gastric outlet obstruction due to loculated ascites in the lesser omental sac are presented. Surgical decompression was utilized, in one case with significant morbidity. Percutaneous drainage under CT or ultrasound guidance allows palliation and avoids potential morbidity and prolonged hospitalization and can be repeated if the condition recurs.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Skateboard injuries.

The recent increase in skateboard injuries is causing concern. Over a 30-month period there were 80 admissions (69 children) to Westmead Hospital because of skateboard injuries. Among children most injuries were minor, involving fractures to the upper limbs (47) or minor head injuries (8). The only serious injuries were a ruptured urethra and a closed head injury. Over the same time period skateboard riding caused five deaths in New South Wales. These all involved head injuries and in four instances collisions with cars. The data strongly support other studies that show skateboard riding is particularly dangerous near traffic and should be proscribed. However, in parkland and around the home the skateboard is an enjoyable toy with an acceptable risk of minor injury. Helmets should be worn and would have prevented all the head injury admissions in this series. Children under 10 have a higher risk of fractures and head injuries due to insufficient motor development to control the boards and the resultant falls. Skateboard injuries are an example of injuries caused by a "fad epidemic". To cope with these types of periodic events up-to-date data collection is needed, followed rapidly by an intervention programme so that serious injuries can be kept to a minimum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Acute otitis media: clinical course among children who received a short course of high dose antibiotic.

A prospective study was carried out in 274 children aged 3 to 10 years with acute otitis media. They were randomly allocated to one of two treatment regimens: (a) a seven day course of amoxycillin 125 mg three times a day, and (b) a two day course of amoxycillin 750 mg twice a day. They were followed up by symptom diaries and clinical examination. The findings in the 243 children who completed the trial showed that the short course of treatment was as effective as the seven day course in the speed of resolution of symptoms and signs, irrespective of previous history of otitis media or of episodes in which bulging of the eardrums was observed at presentation. A subgroup of 185 children was followed up for one year after entry to the trial. During this period no appreciable differences emerged between the two antibiotic regimens, either in recurrence rate of otitis media or in the frequency of hearing loss at one month and six months after entry to the study. Side effects of treatment were few, and those that could be attributed to antibiotic use occurred with equal frequency in the two treatment groups.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

The effect of differing dietary calcium and phosphorus contents on mineral metabolism and bone histomorphometry in young vitamin D-replete baboons.

Young baboons were fed semisynthetic, vitamin D-containing diets differing in calcium and/or phosphorus content over a 16 month study period. Diets low in calcium alone or low in both calcium and phosphorus led to the development of radiologic rickets and histologic features of osteomalacia at both 8 and 16 months. The diet which was low in calcium but which had a normal phosphorus content was associated with histologic features of hyperparathyroidism at 16 months; such features did not develop in animals fed the low calcium, low phosphorus diet. Biochemically the low calcium, normal phosphorus diet was associated with a transient fall in serum calcium around 8 months, and a more persistent elevation in serum phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase values during the latter half of the study. These biochemical changes were not seen in the baboons on the low calcium, low phosphorus diet. These results confirm that histological changes can occur as a result of dietary calcium deprivation in vitamin D-replete animals.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗