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Biomedical subjects

F Rilke

Publications and source records attributed to F Rilke.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The technicon H6000 analyzer discriminates chronic lymphocytic leukemia from other B-cell leukemias through automatic assessment of large unstained cells.

The separation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell origin from other chronic B-cell leukemias is subjective, being largely based on the morphologic features of the lymphoid cells in the peripheral blood. The percentage of large unstained cells determined with a Technicon H6000 analyzer (an automated blood cell differential analyzer, Technicon Instruments Corp, Tarrytown, NY) was used as a cell volume variable in an investigation of 70 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia of B-cell origin and of other chronic B-cell leukemias. The significant degree of correlation between the percentage of large unstained cells and morphoimmunophenotypic diagnosis, although obtained for a relatively small number of cases, suggests that this method of cell volume analysis can be used to improve diagnostic reproducibility in chronic B-cell leukemia.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Extent of metastatic axillary involvement in 1446 cases of breast cancer.

One thousand, four hundred and forty-six patients with carcinoma of the breast treated with Halsted mastectomy (167), Patey mastectomy (732), and conservative surgery with axillary dissection, either at the same time (340), or separately (207), were evaluated with regard to the number and distribution of axillary lymph nodes. A total of 29,378 were removed and examined, on average 20.3 per patient. The average number of nodes was 13.5 at the first level, 4.5 at the second and 2.3 at the third. The same number of nodes were removed in patients treated with extensive surgery, such as Halsted mastectomy and limited surgery such as lumpectomy and in independent axillary dissection. In 839 cases metastases were found in the axilla. The average number of involved nodes was 6.4. Out of 839 patients, the first level was the site of metastases in 828, the second level in 364 and the third in 187. When a single lymph node was involved, it was nearly always at the first level. In only 11 cases, were the second and/or third levels invaded without metastases at the first level. Therefore, the percentage of cases with skipping metastases was very low (1.3%). It appears from the present data that the spread of breast cancer to the axilla follows a regular pattern; the first level is invaded first, whilst in most cases, the second and third levels are involved only when the first is substantially affected.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Malignant histiocytosis. A phenotypic and genotypic investigation.

Ten cases of malignant histiocytosis (MH) were evaluated for clinical and histopathologic features, phenotype, and rearrangement of T cell receptor (TCR) beta, gamma, and alpha and immunoglobulin (Ig) genes (7/10). All cases were HLA-DR+ and CD30-positive. Four cases had molecular evidence of T cell lineage such as TCR beta, gamma, and alpha rearrangements, and one additional case synthesized the cytoplasmic TCR beta chain. The remaining five cases did not show unequivocal T, B, natural killer (NK) cell, or macrophagic origin, and three of them had germline TCR and Ig genes. Ultrastructural analysis was not helpful for the definition of the cell lineage. Most myelomonocytic markers (MAC387, CD13, CD14, CD64, CD68) were either negative on the MH cells or were expressed on cells with rearranged TCR gene. Precursor (CD34, CD7) and NK (CD16, CD56, and CD57) cell markers were not found. The lineage of a number of cases of MH remains unresolved.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-positive B cell precursors in fetal lymph nodes and extrahemopoietic tissues.

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-positive B cell precursors populate fetal lymph nodes (LN) of mid-term (16th-22th week) fetuses. These cells have a B cell phenotype (HLA-DR, CD45R, CD22, mu) and lack mature differentiation antigens (CD1c, CD20, L26). TdT+ cells are also present in the extranodal mesenteric mesenchyme, pancreas and LN primordia. Extranodal TdT+ cells are found among proliferating (i.e. Ki-67+) B cells and lack leukocyte function-associated antigen (LFA-1) and HLA-DQ; these latter molecules are acquired by nodal TdT+ elements. Adult LN, adult and fetal spleen contain less TdT+ cells than fetal LN. The fetal LN contains the full range of the B cell differentiation compartment, from the TdT+ precursor cell to the mature B lymphocyte.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1989

Study of multiple human papillomavirus-related lesions of the lower female genital tract by in situ hybridization.

Twenty-six women with multiple human papillomavirus (HPV)-related lesions of the lower genital tract were investigated by immunohistochemistry for the internal genus-specific capsid antigen of HPV and by DNA-DNA in situ hybridization with 35S-radiolabeled probes for sequences of HPV-6/11, HPV-16, and HPV-18. The vulva was the most frequently affected site in all of these cases; the cervix was the second most frequently affected site. The lesions displayed the features of papillomavirus infection in 14 patients, and there was also histologic evidence of early neoplasia in 12 patients. The mean age of patients with and without neoplasia was 40 and 30 years, respectively. Evidence of HPV association was found in 73% of the vulvar lesions and in 40% of the other synchronous lesions by one or both methods. Viral DNA was found in 67% of patients with neoplasia and in 71% of patients without neoplasia. Eleven of 12 HPV-positive patients with neoplasia revealed the presence of HPV-16 in their tissues by in situ hybridization. On the other hand, 50% of those without neoplasia had HPV-16 DNA, whereas the presence of HPV-6/11 was found in the other 50%. The clinical course of the disease, the distribution of HPV type, and the type of antigen in patients with and without neoplasia suggest that progression to neoplasia was associated with HPV-16. These results stress the practical value of the in situ hybridization method for the identification of those patients with HPV infection who are at risk for progression to malignancy.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1989

Bone marrow and tissue expression of gpIIb/IIIa, LFA-1, Mac-1 and gp150,95 glycoproteins.

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against platelet glycoprotein gpIIb/IIIa and the leucocyte adhesion molecules LFA-1, Mac-1, and gp 150,95 alpha chain (CD11a,b,c) and beta chain (CD18) have been tested in normal and leukaemic bone marrows, in different human tissues, and in a patient with leucocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD). The effect of these MAbs on platelet aggregation was also tested. GpIIb/IIIa showed widespread distribution, while reactivity of CD11/18 antibodies was limited to haematopoietic cells. Platelets and megakaryocytes were reactive with one CD11a (25.5.2), and with no CD11b/c or CD18 MAbs. GpIIb/IIIa was present on the platelets of the patient with LAD, whereas 25.5.2, (CD11a) bound to his platelets but not to his leucocytes. These data indicate that LFA-1, Mac-1, and gp150,95 are not present on human platelets, but they suggest the existence of crossreacting epitopes on gpIIb/IIIa, which is consistent with the hypothesis that these molecules belong to a supergene family of adhesion molecules.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Histopathological characterization of a novel monoclonal antibody, MLuC1, reacting with lung carcinomas.

A monoclonal antibody (MoAb), MLuC1, derived from the fusion of P3-X63-Ag 8-U1 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from an HR mouse immunized with the carcinoma cell line SW626, was studied to define its reactivity profile on normal and neoplastic human tissues and its potential clinical applications in lung cancer. Evaluation of paraffin sections using the ABC immunoperoxidase method showed a "pan-epithelial" reactivity; a large majority of epithelial components of organs in the respiratory, digestive and urogenital systems (except liver, rectum and ovary) were immunostained. As regard to neoplastic tissues MLuC1 recognized 84% of lung carcinomas (82% of small cell, 100% of squamous cell, 74% of adenocarcinomas), 86% of breast and 62% of ovarian carcinomas. On the contrary, MLuC1 was non-reactive with the other normal and tumoral non-epithelial tissues. Due to its spectrum of reactivity this MoAb could be useful for different diagnostic purposes such as differential diagnosis and lung cancer cytology.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Morphologic, immunologic, and cytogenetic characteristics of secondary acute unclassifiable leukemia in Hodgkin's disease.

Blast cells from five cases of secondary unclassifiable leukemia following therapy for Hodgkin's disease were studied by cytochemical, immunological and cytogenetic analyses. Cytochemical and immunological reactivity were in accordance with poorly differentiated, myeloid blasts. The four cases in which karyotype analysis was performed showed specific chromosomal abnormalities. No evidence of multiple lineage involvement was found. Problems in classifying these cases of secondary ANLL were due to the high grade of undifferentiation of the blast cells. Their low cytochemical reactivity with markers of myeloid differentiation was similar to what may be observed in patients with acute undifferentiated leukemia or with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Specificity of the rearrangements of the T-cell receptor gamma gene in human lymphomas.

The structure and function of the human T-cell rearranging gamma gene are not completely understood. Several reports have suggested that this gene rearranges specifically in normal T cells, but the pattern of rearrangement in human lymphoid neoplasms is not clear. Some authors have described the rearrangements of this gene in unmanipulated leukemias as relatively specific for T-derived tumors, whereas others were unable to observe such specificity in malignant lymphomas. The present paper reports the analysis of the structure of the gamma gene in 32 lymphoid samples of different origin, with emphasis on non-T lymphomas. Four out of four T-cell lymphomas had this gene rearranged, whereas none of the 17 cases of B-cell lymphomas, 5 of Hodgkin's disease or 6 of nonneoplastic lesions showed any alterations of the gamma gene. Therefore, our data support the relative specificity of the gamma gene rearrangements in human T-cell malignant proliferations.

Genes, Immunoglobulin↗
PubMed1988

Monoclonal antibody detection of carcinoma cells in bone marrow biopsy specimens from breast cancer patients.

The possibility of using immunologic methods for detecting metastatic cells in bone marrow samples from breast cancer patients was investigated. The MBr1 monoclonal antibody, which recognizes a membrane antigen on breast carcinoma cells and is unreactive on normal bone marrow cells, seemed to be an adequate reagent for this kind of approach. When human leukocyte suspensions artificially contaminated with mammary tumor cells were tested by MBr1 immunofluorescence, it was demonstrated that the added tumor cells could be specifically discriminated from normal cells and that as little as one tumor cell in 200,000 could be detected. With the same methodology we screened bone marrow biopsies from breast cancer patients with apparently uninvolved lymph nodes at the moment of surgery. Immunoreactive tumor cells were detected by the MBr1 antibody in 17% of N- patients. None of the bone marrow samples showed any evidence of tumor involvement by conventional histologic analysis.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

P53 expression in breast cancer.

Immunohistochemical evaluation of 200 primary breast cancers with the anti-p53 mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) PAb421 showed positivity in nuclei of malignant cells in 31 cases (15.5%). PAb421+ cases were significantly more frequently epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R)-positive (67.7%; p less than 0.001) and estrogen receptor (ER)-negative (73.3%; p less than 0.001); they displayed surface histocompatibility class-1 (80.6%; p less than 0.01) and 11 (74.2%; p less than 0.05) antigens. Low values for progesterone receptor (mean 67.20 +/- 25.2 fmol/mg; p less than 0.05) and a high number of cells positive for the proliferation-associated antigen Ki-67 (log mean 6.88 +/- 0.33; p less than 0.01) were found in PAb421+ tumors as well as a high number of grade-3 infiltrating duct carcinomas (70%; p = 0.01). Of the 200 cases of mammary carcinoma, 88 were further analyzed using another human specific anti-p53 MAb PAb1801, and 40 (45.5%) were found positive. This MAb stained all the PAb421+ cases and was significantly associated with negative ER status (39.5%; p less than 0.05) and high Ki-67 scores (log mean 6.93 +/- 0.24; p = 0.001). Analysis of PAb1801+/Pab421- cases for HLA antigens, EGF-R and ER showed a phenotype similar to that of the p53-ve/ER+ carcinomas, except for the high Ki-67 score. No differences in age of the patient, number of involved nodes, tumor size, ploidy or labelling index scores were evident between p53+ and carcinomas. We concluded that p53 in mammary carcinomas is associated with ER-negative, growth factor receptor-positive, high-grade tumors, and is a promising new parameter to evaluate the cellular biology and prognosis of breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Improved avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) staining.

A considerable intensification of the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex staining system (ABC) was obtained by sequentially overlaying the sections to be immunostained with an avidin-rich and a biotin-rich complex. Each sequential addition contributed to the deposition of horseradish peroxidase on the immunostained site and allowed the subsequent binding of a complementary complex. With this technique a higher dilution of the antisera could be used and minute amounts of antigen masked by the fixative could be demonstrated on paraffin sections.

Avidin↗
PubMed1988

Cytogenetic studies in primary and metastatic neuroendocrine Merkel cell carcinoma.

Direct preparations of five primary and metastatic neuroendocrine Merkel cell carcinomas of the skin were analyzed using a G-banding technique. A recurrent structural abnormality was a rearranged chromosome #1 with involvement of p and q arms. In two cases this rearrangement appeared as a unique structural cytogenetic change. Evidence for clonal origin and karyotypic stability of this tumor was suggested by the occurrence of the same karyotypic changes in two metachronous metastases and in primary and metastatic tumor specimens of two different patients. The bands involved in rearrangements could be of significance in the molecular process of the neoplastic transformation of Merkel tumor because genes relevant to the differentiation of neural crest-derived tissue have been mapped in those regions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Combined modality treatment for stage I-II non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: CVP versus BACOP chemotherapy.

This paper reports the 5-year results of a prospective randomized study beginning in 1976 on 177 evaluable patients with pathologic Stage I-IE and II-IIE non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with diffuse histology according to the Rappaport classification. Treatment consisted of either CVP or BACOP chemotherapy (3 cycles) followed by regional radiotherapy (40 to 50 Gy) and further cycles of either combination. In both arms, complete remission at the end of combined treatment was high (CVP 93%, BACOP 98%) regardless of age, stage or bulky disease. At 5 years, the comparative freedom from first progression was 62% for CVP vs 78% for BACOP (p = 0.02), respectively. Clinically relevant differences favoring BACOP chemotherapy were essentially documented in patients with large cell lymphomas (International Working Formulation), those with Stage II having more than three involved anatomical sites, bulky disease and age over 60 years. Recurrence within radiation fields was documented in only 5% of complete responders. Combined treatment was, in general, well tolerated particularly when BACOP was used. In only 2 patients given CVP post radiation cutaneous fibrosis was documented. Second solid tumors were detected in 4 patients. One patient started on CVP died because of brain stem necrosis after 45 Gy. We conclude that in Stage I-II patients with nodal and extranodal diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, particularly large cell lymphomas, combined modality approach with primary Adriamycin and bleomycin containing regimen, such as BACOP, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy offers high chances of cure with minimal toxicity.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Vimentin and p53 expression on epidermal growth factor receptor-positive, oestrogen receptor-negative breast carcinomas.

The coordinate expression of the nuclear p53 protein, cytoplasmic intermediate filament vimentin (VIM) and membrane epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) was significantly associated with oestrogen receptor immunocytochemical nuclear stain (ER-ICA) negative breast carcinomas. Twenty-three (51.1%), 26 (57.8%) and 27 (60%) of 45 ER-ICA -ve cancers were respectively p53 +ve, VIM +ve and EGF-R +ve; whereas of 151 ER-ICA +ve tumours 8 (5.3%) were p53 +ve (P less than 0.0001), 23 (15.2%) VIM +ve (P less than 0.001) and 40 (26.5%) EGF-R +ve P less than 0.001). Thirty-six of 45 (80%) ER-ICA -ve carcinomas were positive for at least one of the markers versus 55/151 (36.4%) ER-ICA +ve cases (chi 2 = 28.92, P less than 0.001). A prevalence of high grade carcinomas was found among p53 +ve, VIM +ve cases; the latter subset of tumours also had a larger mean diameter. These results suggest that ER -ve breast carcinoma cells display a coordinate expression of cell cycle-related proteins and marked changes of both the cytoskeleton and the membrane receptor repertoire.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Clinicopathologic correlations of cutaneous neuroendocrine Merkel cell carcinoma.

A study of 50 consecutive cases (22 men, 28 women; age range, 39 to 84 years; mean age, 65 years) of cutaneous neuroendocrine Merkel cell carcinoma (CNC), 39 of whom had a mean follow-up of 34 months, revealed that the prognostic significance of the histopathologic subtyping in trabecular, solid, and diffuse variants of CNC was not as important as the pathologic postsurgical staging in localized, regional, and extraregional disease. The overall mortality was 23.5%. None of the 19 patients with localized disease died of CNC, while 11% of the 24 patients with regional disease and all seven patients with extraregional disease at presentation died of CNC. A second primary malignancy was found to be associated with the CNC in 15% of the cases. The clinical course in patients with localized disease was favorable in spite of the high number of local recurrences. Also, the presence of regional metastases was not related to an unfavorable prognosis. In 68% of the cases the disease involved the lower limbs or girdle. In ten cases the overt exophytic presentation of primary CNC was replaced by the presence of tumor masses infiltrating the inguinal soft tissues with or without nodal involvement.

Adult↗