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Biomedical subjects

F Pontonnier

Publications and source records attributed to F Pontonnier.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Hyperthermia and human spermatogenesis: enhancement of the inhibitory effect obtained by 'artificial cryptorchidism'.

Decreased sperm count and motility were observed in men after induction of local testicular hyperthermia by raising the testicles into the inguinal canal during the day in adult volunteers. A similar technique in which the testicles were better maintained in the inguinal canal resulted in more marked suppression of spermatogenesis. As assessed by the total motile sperm count, the mean inhibitory effect of hyperthermia was at least 97% after 2 months using this technique. This effect of 'artificial cryptorchidism' may be of practical interest in the manipulation of male fertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Plasma fibrinolytic activity in a group of hypogonadic men.

Fibrinolytic activity in response to venous occlusion (fibrin plate assay and tissue plasmogen activator antigen) was measured in 19 hypogonadic men (group 1), 23 non-hypogonadic men with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) antecedents and 20 healthy men (control group). Four hypogonadic men had DVT antecedents. Two of 20 controls were low responders against 6/19 and 6/23 in groups 1 and 2, respectively, (non-significant difference). The four hypogonadic men with DVT antecedent had abnormal response to venous occlusion. Whether defective fibrinolysis is causally related to hypogonadism cannot be established from these results but this study indicates that the combination of defective fibrinolysis, hypogonadism and DVT in man is relatively common.

Fibrin↗
PubMed1987

[Chromosome anomalies and male infertility. A study of 1,444 subjects].

Chromosomal anomaly was detected in 7.6% of a cytogenetic survey of 1,444 infertile male azoospermia or oligozoospermia with a sperm count below 20 million/ml. Anomalies are especially of the sex-chromosome and of autosomal robertsonian translocation type. Distribution of these subjects on account of the sperm count has pointed out an increase of chromosomal anomalies in inverse ratio to the sperm count.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1987

[Epididymitis. Apropos of 82 cases].

The authors report 82 cases of epididymitis, studied from 1976 to 1985: 66 acute epididymitis and 16 chronicle epididymitis. It is the affection of young patients: middle age 39 years. The frequency of epididymitis seems to increase the last years. The coliform organisms were the predominant pathogens isolated from the patients more than 35 years old; for patients less than 35 years old, in most cases, the Chlamydia trachomatis was the cause of infection. Among 12 patients with Chlamydia trachomatis infection, 11 were less than 35 years old. The treatment before the results of the sample has to be the Doxycycline; if Chlamydia trachomatis is not the cause of infection, the treatment will be changed. The corticotherapy is always associated with antibiotics, and his action is discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Effects of artificial cryptorchidism on sperm morphology.

In a diurnal artificial cryptorchidism (AC) experiment intended to provide a male contraceptive method, oligoasthenozoospermia was found as early as the fourth month, accompanied by an increase in the mean percentage of abnormally shaped spermatozoa. A detailed morphologic study concerning 19 volunteers exposed for 6 to 24 months demonstrated that the overall increase of the mean percentage of abnormally shaped spermatozoa resulted from the percentage increase of elongated, thin, and irregular heads and of bent tails. This increase is probably caused by the rise in environmental testicular temperature induced by AC. A return to baseline values was observed within 12 months after the end of the experiment.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Varicocelectomy for infertility is more effective in cases of sperm count less than 5 million/ml. Apropos of 70 cases].

70 patients, out of a total of 664 infertile subjects with a varicocele, presenting a sperm count of less than 5 X 10(6)/ml, were operated and followed for a mean period of 8 months. 80% of the 70 varicoceles were voluminous, compared with 23% in the general population. There was a statistically significant difference between the presence of a large varicocele and the presence of testicular hypotrophy or a sperm count of less than 5 X 10(6)/ml. Histological examination of 80 testes revealed a defect of maturation in 36% of cases (T2), corresponding to reversible histological lesions. The histological lesions predominantly involved the tube (66%) followed by the basement membrane (52%) and the interstitium (42%). The difference between the pre- and post-operative sperm counts was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). We obtained a 36% paternity rate after a mean post-operative delay of 8 months. The authors consider that the larger the varicocele, the more severe the histological lesions (maturation defect = T2). These cases have a very good chance of post-operative improvement as a result of restoration of spermatogenesis. This improvement is more marked when the lesions of the basement membrane and interstitial lesions are less severe. This concept of a "large pathogenic varicocele" which responds well to surgical cure raises doubts about the concept of sub-clinical pathogenic reflux detected by Doppler examination or by phlebography resulting, far too often at the present time, in an embolisation procedure.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

[Epididymal prognostic factor in epididymo-deferential anastomosis].

Results of a 1981 study are complemented and analyzed with respect to epididymal histology in 94 patients undergoing uni- or bilateral epididymo-deferential anastomosis. Testicular histology was normal in all patients. Epididymal histology could be differentiated into two main groups: one with normal or only slightly altered epididymis, the other with major epididymal lesions. Repermeabilization was more frequent and of better quality (10 X 10(6) sperm/ml or more) in the first group, in which there were also all the pregnancies. Previous genital infection or injury is of poor prognosis due to the severe epididymal lesions present.

Epididymis↗
PubMed1985

Inhibiting effect of artificial cryptorchidism on spermatogenesis.

In order to provide a contraceptive method in man, an attempt at inhibition of spermatogenesis was made by means of thermogenesis induced by artificial cryptorchidism. This experimental protocol consists of pushing up the testicles into the inguinal canal and keeping them there, each day during waking hours, by means of an adapted athletic supporter. Fourteen men volunteered for this protocol during a 6- to 12-month period. They all had a normal semen analysis before starting the experiment. The total sperm count, the sperm count per milliliter, the motility, the motile sperm count per milliliter, and the total motile sperm count dropped significantly after the first or second month; they reached their lowest values after the sixth month and remained stable during the next 6 months. At that time the average values reached were a total sperm count of 12 to 34 X 10(6)/ejaculate, a sperm count of 3 to 10 X 10(6)/ml, a motility of 21% to 34%, a motile sperm count of 1 to 3 X 10(6)/ml, and a total motile sperm count of 4 to 12 X 10(6)/ejaculate.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Are retinoids of value in bladder tumors? Pharmacological study and literature review].

Retinoids are vitamin A derivatives with a modified final radical, lateral chain or initial cycle. Their action on malignant cells is not fully known, but probably consists of the control of cell growth and differentiation. Experiments suggest that retinoids are non-toxic, and that they are far more effective against severe lesions than against dysplasia. Their effect is dose-related and dependent on the type of carcinogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[The place of urinary cytology in the diagnosis of urothelial tumors].

A cytologic study was done in three groups of patients, either for screening purposes or for the follow up of vesical tumors already treated by transurethral resection or cystectomy. The reliability of urinary cytology is closely related to the degree of tumor anaplasia (81,8% positive cytology in grade III tumors). When a cytologic and cystoscopic follow-up is done, the results of these two methods are in agreement in 60% of the cases. In the follow up of patients already treated for vesical tumors, the association of cystoscopy and cytology increases the discovery of recurrences by 40%. The persistence of isolated positive cytologies is indicative of highly malignant lesions (grade III). In cystectomized patients, a close correlation exists between the histologic grade and the positivity of the cytologic survey. A cytologic follow up after cystectomy helps to discover a greater number of urethral recurrences.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1982

Varicocelectomy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Cryptorchism and sterility].

The authors report their observations on the association of sterility with antecedent cryptorchidism. In 1 190 sterile men, 88 had history of cryptorchidism (bilateral in 55 cases and unilateral in 33 cases). All had testicles in normal position in the scrotum at the time of their clinical examination, whether or not they had had an operation. Of 73 cases operated, 46 had been followed, and amongst these, 12 had had an operation for varicocele. The majority of these patients had had treatment with clomiphene or androgens. In these patients the earlier the operation had been done, the better the chances for testicles of normal volume. Of 20 patients with azoospermia, 16 had had bilateral cryptorchidism. Only 9 of the whole group had a normal sperm analysis, while all the other had oligospermia, teratospermia and altered motility. One third the subjects had elevation of FSH and hypotestosteronemia, and in 13 with hypotestosteronemia, 10 had had bilateral cryptorchidism. Treatment resulted in 10 pregnancies. Since the majority of the patients had been treated late for their cryptorchidism, the authors advise bringing the testicles down before the age of 4. Hormonal treatment and varicocele ligature can improve fertility in sterile men having cryptorchidism in their past.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Varicocele and hypofertility. Results of 220 cases. Postoperative results].

Having studied 220 varicocelectomies which were performed by a method already described, we have been able to correlate the degree of varicocele present with testicular atrophy, with a rise in the plasma LH and with the severity of the histological lesions found. In 52.3% of cases there was a higher concentration of sperms present. Above all if the motility was less than 30% beforehand it improved most. 120 patients were reviewed. 43 (35%) became fertile. These was no difference in the improvement in the spermograms between those who were operated on who stayed infertile and those that become fertile. Thermography is not a reliable test: there were 35 poor correlations out of 107 patients. These was no correlation between the size of the varicocele, the gradient of the temperature and the biological abnormalities as against the concentration, the mobility and teratospermia.

Adult↗