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Biomedical subjects

F Pardo

Publications and source records attributed to F Pardo.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Intra-arterial hepatic treatment with carboplatin (CBDCA) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in metastases from colorectal carcinoma.

Thirty-one patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma were treated with carboplatin (CBDCA), 55 mg/m2, given in a 4-hour intra-arterial infusion daily for 5 days, and 5-fluorouracil, 900 mg/m2, given in a 20-hour intra-arterial infusion daily for 5 days. Cycles were administered every 5 weeks. Objective responses were observed in 16 (51.6%) patients (5 complete and 11 partial responses). Another 13 patients maintained stable disease, and 2 patients rapidly progressed. The overall median survival was 23.5 months. The 16 patients with objective response had a median survival of 26.5 months. In this series, no evidence of biliary sclerosis, cholecystitis, chemical hepatitis, or myelosuppression was observed. Complications of drug delivery system were observed in 14 (45.16%) patients. In conclusion, intra-arterial hepatic chemotherapy with CBDCA-5FU was associated with a modest benefit, expressed in good quality responses and extended survival of approximately 2 years in about half of the treated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the pancreas].

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), a frequent sarcoma in retroperitoneal mesenchimal tissues, has also been reported, although in a few cases, in digestive viscera. We present a case of a primary MFH of the pancreas in a 37-year-old male, treated with a 90% distal pancreatectomy, plus external and intraoperative radiotherapy over the tumoral bed, and polychemotherapy. Response to treatment was poor, with early local recurrence, liver and bone metastases and a survival of 7 months. Only 4 other cases of MFH of the pancreas have been reported. We analyze these 5 cases: they have been usually diagnosed in young adults, with vague symptoms and large tumoral masses without jaundice. Local recurrence seems to be frequent; they develop liver metastases rather than lung metastases. Even when they are resectable, the anatomical relations of the pancreas with vital vascular structures make broad resection difficult, and local recurrences frequent. Analysis of these five reported cases of MFH of the pancreas, allows to expect a local recurrence rate higher than 50% and a 5-year-survival rate lower than 30% due to distant metastases. Only radiotherapy seems to play a role as an adjuvant treatment after surgery for pancreas and other retroperitoneal sarcoma as it significantly increases survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Incidence of bacterial contamination in the Ares-Betanzos estuary (NW Spain)].

The presence of bacterial indicators of fecal pollution and V. parahaemolyticus in the estuary of Ares-Betanzos (ría de Ares-Betanzos, NW of Spain) was investigated. Resistance patterns of coliform bacteria to eight antibacterial agents were also determined. In general, high numbers of indicator bacteria were found; for instance, heterotrophic bacteria ranged between 1.82 x 10(2) to 1.9 x 10(4) CFU/ml and up to 4.6 x 10(3)/100 ml fecal coliforms in surface waters and 1.2 x 10(4)/100 ml fecal streptococci in sediment could be found. Surface waters of sampling points 2 and 7, located at the inner part of the estuary, were more polluted than the corresponding ones in the mouth (sampling points, 1, 3, 4 and 9), whereas the sediment showed just the opposite distribution. An 88.5% of isolated coliforms were resistant to one or more antibacterial agents. The MAR index points to urban wastewaters as the probable origin of pollution. The low incidence of V. parahaemolyticus and the lack of correlation with any of the fecal indicator bacteria determined, discard its use as indicative of fecal pollution in marine environments.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMed1993

[Resection of hepatic metastases of colo-rectal carcinoma. Indications and initial results].

We report our initial experience in the resection of metastases from colo-rectal cancer confined to the liver. Seventeen hepatic resections were performed in sixteen patients over a thirty-eight months period. Median age was 58 years (45-75). The extent of liver involvement was assessed by computerized tomographic portography and magnetic resonance. In fourteen cases there was a solitary lesion. Mean interval time between colo-rectal resection and hepatic resection was 18 months (0-69). Twelve major hepatic resections and five wedge resections were performed. There was not operative mortality. Seven patients received complementary chemotherapy. Mean follow-up was 14.8 months (2-34). One patient died from carcinoma of the lung, five patients (31.25%) are alive with recurrence of some sort (three recurrences being in the liver) and ten patients (62.5%) are free of disease. Indications for resection, methods used for identification of candidates, prognostic determinants and indications for complementary chemotherapy are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Implantable devices for central venous access in cancer patients. Our experience in 217 cases].

BACKGROUND: The need of having a venous via available for infusion of chemotherapy treatment along with the difficulty of repeated venous access in oncological patients has lead to the ever more frequent placement of central venous access systems (CVAS) implanted into subcutaneous tissue. METHODS: From February 1985 to December 1990 217 CVAS were implanted in 205 oncological patients. Twenty-six were Port-a-Cath and 191 were Implantofix. RESULTS: The average of complications was 0.08/100 days of implantation with an incidence of catheter thrombosis obstruction of 0.03/100 days and system infection of 0.02/100 days. Currently 81 devices continue functioning with 23 having been withdrawn due to complications and 17 for completion of the treatment to which they had been submitted. Ninety-one patients died during this follow up. CONCLUSIONS: The CVAS are devices which are of easy placement, simple handling, requiring minimum care and few complications. Their efficacy is confirmed by the analysis of the data presented in the present study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Arteriodigestive fistula: a complication associated with intraoperative and external beam radiotherapy following surgery for gastric cancer.

Intestinal hemorrhage due to arteriodigestive fistula is described to be a rare and serious complication of radiotherapy. Three cases of this type of fistula in gastric cancer patients treated with gastrectomy, intraoperative electron boost (15 Gy), and fractionated external beam irradiation (46 Gy) are reported. Selective angiography is most helpful in the diagnosis and immediate surgery could be lifesaving. An attempt to explain the etiopathogenesis is made.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Role of leukotrienes B4 and C4 in liver allograft rejection.

Previous studies have shown that eicosanoids may act in vitro as immunoregulatory substances. In this study, the concentrations of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) were measured in a model of allograft rejection. Six orthotopic allotransplants of the liver were performed in dogs without the administration of immunosuppressives. LTB4 levels showed an increase coinciding with the start of rejection, significant differences being present between the basal levels and those measured 24 h post-revascularization (P < 0.05), and every day from the 3rd postoperative day (P < 0.01). LTB4 rose before the parameters generally used in evaluating rejection. LTC4 levels increased significantly (P < 0.001) in the first 24 h, and experienced no further variations. LTB4 may play an important role in the mechanisms which bring about the response to the allograft. This substance could be a specific and early marker for rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Use of famotidine in severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with persistent maldigestion on enzymatic replacement therapy. A long-term study in cystic fibrosis.

In patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, the use of pancreatic enzyme does not abolish steatorrhea in some cases. We carried out a long-term prospective study in an attempt to clarify the effectiveness of the associated use of famotidine to enzymatic supplementation on fat absorption and nutritional parameters of patients with pancreatic insufficiency due to cystic fibrosis. We studied 10 patients, mean age 12.5 years, with persistent steatorrhea on enzymatic supplementation. A double-blind crossover design was used and famotidine (1 mg/kg/day) or placebo was given as adjuvant to enzymatic preparations for either of two six-month periods. A statistically significative reduction in fecal wet weight (P less than 0.0001), an improvement in the coefficient of fat absorption (P less than 0.01) and in the steatocrit values (P less than 0.028) were found on famotidine. Moreover, the weight and the height increases were greater after famotidine than after placebo period (respectively, P less than 0.012 and P less than 0.01); also the serum calcium and triglycerides levels were higher after the period on famotidine (respectively, P less than 0.0025 and P less than 0.025). No adverse effects of famotidine were noted. These data suggest that famotidine is a useful adjuvant to pancreatic enzyme therapy in patients with severe pancreatic insufficiency and persistent maldigestion on large doses of pancreatic supplements; in fact, famotidine improves not only fat absorption but the nutritional status of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of a new commercial enzyme immunoassay for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus.

Two rapid methods for detection of respiratory syncytial virus in respiratory specimens were compared: direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) with monoclonal antibody and an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (Test-Pack RSV). Ninety-five nasopharyngeal washings and aspirates from 51 children were examined; the patients were hospitalized during a winter outbreak of RSV infection in the first trimester of 1990. A total of 41.0% and 56.8% of these samples were positive by EIA and DFA respectively. Considering only the 51 specimens collected at the onset of illness, EIA detected 72.5% positive samples and DFA detected 78.4%. In comparison with DFA, EIA was 92.5% sensitive and 100% specific for the acute phase of illness. When all the samples were taken into account, specificity was maintained but sensitivity fell to 72.2%. The results show that both methods are useful during the acute phase of the illness, when the viral load is important. However, later on in the course of the infection DFA appears to be more sensitive than EIA.

Female↗
PubMed1992

In vitro intrinsic radiation sensitivity of glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme is one of the most resistant of human tumors to radiation whether used alone or in combination with surgery and/or chemotherapy. This resistance may be caused by one or more of several different factors. These include inherent cellular radiation sensitivity, an efficient repair of radiation damage, an increased number of clonogens per unit of volume, a high hypoxic fraction, high [GSH] concentration, and rapid proliferation between fractions. In the present study, we evaluate the intrinsic radiation sensitivity (surviving fraction at 2 Gy or mean inactivation dose) of malignant human glioma cells in vitro. The in vitro radiation sensitivity of 21 malignant glioma cell lines (early and long term passages) has been measured using colony formation as the end-point of cell viability. The survival curve parameters (SF2 measured and calculated, alpha, beta, D0, n and MID) have been determined for single dose irradiations of exponential phase cells (18-24 hr after plating) under aerobic conditions and growing on plastic. The mean SF2 of the 21 cell lines is 0.51 +/- 0.14 (with a range of 0.19 to 0.76). This value may be compared to the mean SF2 of 0.43-0.47 for SCC, 0.43 for melanoma, and 0.52 for glioblastoma as reported from other authors when using colony formation of cells in exponential phase on plastic. Although glioblastoma is almost invariably fatal, our data demonstrate a very wide range of intrinsic radiosensitivities. These broadly overlap the radiation sensitivities of cell lines from tumors that are often treated successfully. We conclude that standard in vitro measurements of cellular radiation sensitivity (SF2) do not yield values that track in a simple manner with local control probability at the clinical level and that, for at least some of the tumors, other parameters and/or physiological factors are more important.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1992

Intraoperative and external radiotherapy in resected gastric cancer: updated report of a phase II trial.

From September 1984 to August 1991, 48 evaluable patients with resected gastric cancer and apparent disease confined to locoregional area were treated with intraoperative electron beam boost to the celiac axis and peripancreatic nodal areas (15 Gy) and external irradiation (40 to 46 Gy in 4 to 5 weeks) including the gastric bed and upper abdominal nodal draining regions. At the time of evaluation for IORT, the disease was primary in 38 cases, recurrent but resectable in four (anastomosis), and unresectable in four (nodal). Post operative complications were reversible. Acute tolerance to the complete treatment program was acceptable. Late complications included life-threatening events: Six episodes of gastro intestinal bleeding (three of them had an arteriographic documentation of arterioenteric fistula) and nine with severe enteritis (five required reoperation). Other long-term treatment related complications were six cases of vertebral collapse. The median follow-up time for the entire group is 22 months. Locoregional recurrence/persistence of disease has been identified in five patients (three with residual and/or recurrent postsurgical tumor). Systemic tumor progression has been detected in 15 patients (11 in intra-abdominal sites). Overall actuarial survival for patients with positive or negative serosal involvement was 33% versus 56%. It is concluded that the treatment program described is able to induce a high locoregional tumor control rate (100%) when used strictly in an adjuvant setting and might control long term, a small portion of patients not amenable for curative surgery (2 out of 8 patients with confirmed residual post-surgical disease). Gastrointestinal bleeding and enteritis are findings that indicate treatment intensity at the upper limits of tissue tolerance. Assessment of long term tolerance of pancreatic parenchyma and large blood vessels (tissues included in the IRORT field) are pending for longer follow-up and the appropriate selective studies.

Humans↗