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Biomedical subjects

F Niedobitek

Publications and source records attributed to F Niedobitek.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Extrapulmonary manifestations of Pneumocystis carinii infection in AIDS].

Between 1986 and 1990 we found in 7 out of 100 continuously performed AIDS-autopsies at Auguste-Viktoria-Hospital (AVH) an extrapulmonary manifestation of Pneumocystis carinii (Pc). 4 of these cases showed only a singular infiltration of pulmohilar lymphnodi, while the remaining 3 cases presented various other organ involvements: spleen, liver, kidney, adrenal gland, prostate gland, pancreas, myocardium, thyroidea and eyes. All these AIDS-patients had a chronic or relapsing Pc-pneumonia with focal interstitial fibrosis, emphysema, and cavernous-cystic lesions. 6 patients developed a spontaneous pneumothorax due to ruptured subpleural bullae or cystic changes. Apparently the rare dissemination of Pc develops in the context of ruptured tissue and vessels in the pneumothorax lung of AIDS-patients during the final stage of the immunodeficiency associated with chronic lung changes.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

[Merkel cell tumor (neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin) in an unusual location. Immunohistochemical and lectin histochemical findings].

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin usually occurs in elderly individuals. Head and neck are the most common primary sites followed by the extremities and trunk. As this tumor represents a remarkable rarity in younger people, we report the case of a 33-year-old woman with a neuroendocrine carcinoma in an unusual localization. Diagnosis was based on the results of the examination of a metastasis in the inguinal lymph nodes. The lesion at the Labium minus pudendi which is to be considered the primary tumor was detected several months later. Diagnosis of Merkel cell tumor until recently had depended on ultrastructural demonstration of dense-core membrane-bound granules. Today, diagnosis can be secured also by optical light microscopy, on the basis of a certain constellation of immunohistochemical and lectin histochemical findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Comparative demonstration of IgE (immunoglobulin E) in the gastric mucosa using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies.

It was the aim of this study to examine by using biopsy material the suitability of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against human IgE to support the clinical diagnosis of gastrointestinal allergy by means of morphological methods. A total of 190 gastric biopsies were collected from 56 ambulant patients; 95 specimens were shock-frozen in liquid nitrogen and treated with monoclonal antibodies (D epsilon 1, D epsilon 2); 95 biopsies were fixed in Bouin's solution, embedded in paraffin and treated with a polyclonal antibody. The slide preparations were examined semiquantitatively. The monoclonal (D epsilon 2) and the polyclonal antibody yielded different staining patterns. The polyclonal antibody mainly stained plasmocytes as constituent parts of the inflammatory infiltrate, which was regarded as a secondary phenomenon following the disruption of the mucus barrier. The monoclonal antibody mainly labeled mast cells within the glandular body of the antral and corpus-type mucosa; this finding we regarded as the most important one in the context of allergic reactions. The employment of the two different methods yielded a complete distribution of IgE-containing cells in the gastric mucosa. The immunohistochemical demonstration of IgE is therefore a useful method to support the clinical diagnosis of allergic processes in the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Vacuolar myelopathy in AIDS. A morphological analysis.

Between 1986 and 1988 we studied the spinal cord of 40 patients dying of AIDS. Transverse and longitudinal sections from a minimum of four levels of the spinal cord were examined by means of conventional histology, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Out of 22 cases there were 6 showing a mild, 11 a moderate and 5 a severe myelopathy. Among these cases with severe myelopathy, vacuolar degeneration of the posterior, lateral, and anterior columns of the white matter, which are typical findings of vacuolar myelopathy (VM), were present. Cervical and thoracic cords were affected in all cases, the lumbal cord, however, in only two. Fusiform vacuoles, 30 to 180 microns in diameter and 200 to 500 microns in length, could be seen rising between the axolemma and the myelin sheath. Most of them were still containing an axon cylinder. Foamy phagocytic cells, phagocytosing axons of apparently preserved structure were found within the vacuoles. These foamy macrophages contained rests of axons in their cytoplasm. However, only one case with severe tissue disruption exhibited myelin debris as well. Our morphological findings suggest that in VM of AIDS a process of phagocytosis directed against the axon cylinders occurs simultaneously with vacuolar degeneration of the white matter of the spinal cord. The results suggest furthermore that VM, especially its moderate form, appears to be a more frequent condition than previously assumed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Gastritis and bacterial colonization of the gastric mucosa in adolescents.

Among 256 examined gastric biopsies from 200 adolescents, inflammatory changes were found strikingly often: 44.5% showed chronic superficial gastritis without atrophic processes. However, the percentage of biopsies of normal mucosa was substantially higher than that of a compared series of biopsies not selected according to age of the patients. According to our findings in adolescents, the interstitial stroma of normal gastric mucosa in the antrum, as well as in the corpus, was absolutely free of round cells. Bacterial colonization with Campylobacter-like organisms (CLO) occurred almost as frequently as in the series not selected according to age. Consequently, the biopsy material of adolescents substantially more often featured normal mucosa with bacterial colonization, mostly of the minimal focal variety, than did the compared series. Colonization with CLO apparently takes place at an early age, and may exacerbate into a massive colonization.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus manifestations in AIDS].

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most important intestinal opportunistic infections in AIDS. In severe cases ulcerations and colitis are the commonest manifestations. 184 HIV positive patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were investigated by endoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract. While culture, immunohistochemical staining and histology from biopsies were performed, the results of all three methods were compared. In one third the cases CMV associated lesions could be found by endoscopy. Erosions or ulcerations are the most frequent tissue lesions. In 95% the culture was positive. In addition, immunohistochemical staining in 75% and histology in 61.7% were positive in patients with more serious manifestations. For early diagnosis endoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract and histological, histochemical and microbiological investigations of biopsies are essential.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Lysozyme and lactoferrin in normal and inflammatory changes of the gastric mucosa].

A total of 238 randomly selected gastric biopsies were examined with polyclonal antibodies from rabbits (antihuman-lysozyme and antihuman-lactoferrin) using the Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase-method according to Sternberger. The preparations were evaluated by comparing the intensity of the staining as well as the quantity and distribution of positive cells within the mucosa. The results show that lysozyme can be demonstrated constantly in the glandular neck zone and in the mucoid glandular body within the normal non-inflamed mucosa of the antrum, whereas in the normal corpus mucosa only a small amount of lysozyme appears focally and inconsistently in the neck area of the glands. A substantial increase in the intensity of lysozyme presentation due to inflammatory changes as related to the chronic superficial gastritis of the antrum cannot be discovered. On the contrary, the presentable amount of lysozyme decreases in line with the progressing inflammation and, in case of chronic-atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia is restricted to the Paneth cells. A distinct and constant presentation of lysozyme can be achieved in the glandular neck zone, in the lower gastric pits and partially in the upper glandular body of the corpus mucosa in cases of chronic inflammatory processes. Obviously lysozyme is formed in the epithelial cells and not taken up from other cells. Furthermore it can be concluded from the findings that to a large extent lysozyme formation is linked to the proliferation activity of the epithelial cells. Lactoferrin cannot be found in normal non-inflammatory mucosa neither of the antrum nor of the corpus. But it can be found among most of the biopsy specimens with inflammatory changes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Spongiform encephalopathy in AIDS dementia complex: report of five cases.

We describe the morphological findings in the brain of five AIDS patients who died with a clinical diagnosis of dementia. We have found a spongiform change (small rounded vacuoles) in different parts of the brain and a similar but morphologically different sponginess, the status spongiosus, characterized by looser and coarser microcystic cavitations of the grey matter in which the tiny cysts and vacuoles are enmeshed by glial fibrils. At the ultrastructural level, round and oval clear spaces, divided by septae into several smaller ones, appeared in the neuropil. The pathogenesis of the majority of the vacuoles and cavitations is not clear yet but a focal loss of cortical neurons was evident and furthermore some of the vacuoles were identified as remnants of dendrites. The light and electron microscopic findings can not be interpreted as artefacts or as a simple edema of the brain and also can not be explained by the different infective complications. We have found spongiform alterations in all cases of clinically diagnosed dementia and therefore it seems obvious that these findings are quite frequent in AIDS dementia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Immunohistochemical demonstration of the proliferation zone of the gastric mucosa].

The area of proliferation in the mucosa of the gastric antrum and fundus was demonstrated immunohistochemically in an unselected sample of biopsy material using the monoclonal antibody Ki 67. The findings in normal noninflamed preparations were compared with preparations of chronic superficial gastritis and a small group of advanced, partially atrophic gastritis. In all preparations the site of the proliferation was typically in the neck of the gastric glands and in the lower area of the gastric pits. However, in the fundus these areas were much narrower than in the antrum. Only isolated positively labelled cells were found outside the proliferation zone in the specific gland body and in the upper part of the gastric pits near the surface of the mucosa. There was a distinct increase of the breadth of the proliferation zone and the labelling index in chronic inflammatory processes. However, pronounced spreading or displacement of the proliferative cell population to the surface was not shown. In all preparations the areas of proliferation contained both positively labelled cells within the cell cycle and varying numbers of nonlabelled nuclei, which may be considered to be a resting reserve population.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[The question of IgE activity in the mucosa of the large intestine].

The importance of the IgE mediated inflammatory process of the large bowel mucosa was investigated by examining rectal biopsies using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method in 172 patients to demonstrate IgE cells in the inflammatory infiltrate. IgE-positive cells could be demonstrated in small numbers in all specimens. The numeration of the plasma cells in the inflammatory infiltrate showed in most cases between 1 and 3% positive cells, only in four specimens between 5 and 6% and in two over 10%. The four groups of the specimen biopsied showed no difference in the frequency of IgE cells. The larger number of such cells in colitis ulcerosa should be viewed as the result of the more intense inflammatory process in the specimen. There was no difference either in the frequencies of mast cells in the mucosa. The findings of this investigation do not support a causative role of IgE mediated processes, in particular of the chronic inflammatory bowel disease.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Incidence of endemic sprue in Berlin (West). A retrospective study based on biopsy findings].

The incidence of celiac disease in Berlin (West) during the years 1979-1984 has been studied retrospectively by investigating the records of the local Pathological Institutes, which examine small intestinal biopsies, for the occurrence of abnormal specimens typical of celiac disease (group 1) or consistent with the diagnosis of celiac disease (group 2). Group 1 exhibited a constant average incidence of 0.74 per 100,000 inhabitants per year, while group 2 showed a small increase between 1979 and 1984, averaging 1.03 per 100,000 inhabitants per year. Classified according to age the highest incidence was seen in the 0-5 year-olds, namely 8.04 in group 1 and 10.00 in group 2. For those children born and examined during the period of investigation the values ranged between 15.8 and 64.7 per 100,000 births. Girls, with an average frequency of 1:1919 births were more often affected than boys, who averaged 1:4219 births. These figures obtained in Berlin (West) indicate only the lower ranges of incidences and will have to be further supplemented by a prospective study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Bacterial colonization of the gastric mucosa].

In 380 histologically prepared biopsy specimens taken from the mucous membrane of the stomach, the employment of Giemsa staining and Warthin-Starry silver staining has revealed an often surprisingly abundant (i. e., to the extent of 66.1%) bacterial colonization of the surface of the gastric mucous membrane and of the gastric foveolae. The bacteria encountered here involve gram-negative and morphologically uniform flora of thin, S-shaped or slightly curved bacteria designated as campylobacter-like organisms (CLO). Evidence for Campylobacter pyloridis was also obtained in 55.1% of cultures from 49 native, microbiologically prepared gastric biopsy specimens. Bacterial colonization of the gastric mucous membrane by CLO is definitely correlated with inflammatory alterations in gastric membranes. Active forms of gastritis, however, are not more abundantly colonized by bacteria than are dormant forms. The positive correlation between inflammatory gastric alterations of various degrees and bacterial colonization of the gastric mucous membrane, furthermore, is not proof of an etiological relationship. These bacteria, obviously adapted to the mucus in the gastric foveolae and on the surface of stomach lining, are not evidence of an aggressive behavior or of penetration tendencies. Facultatively pathogenetic significance cannot, however, be excluded for bacteria occurring in such abundance in intimate epithelial contact. Pathogenetic influence of abundant colonization by CLO could well develop if additional noxae become effective.

Bacterial Infections↗