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Biomedical subjects

F Martin

Publications and source records attributed to F Martin.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Vaccination of turkeys with an avian pneumovirus isolate from the United States.

Four-week-old poults obtained from avian pneumovirus (APV) antibody-free parents were vaccinated with different serial 10-fold dilutions of cell culture-propagated APV vaccine. The birds were vaccinated with 50 microl into each conjunctival space and nostril (total of 200 microl). Each poult of each group was vaccinated in groups that received doses of 4 x 10(4), 4 x 10(3), 4 x 10(2), 4 x 10(1), or 4 x 10(0) 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) of APV vaccine, respectively. Respiratory signs were seen between 3 and 12 days postvaccination (PV) in the poults that were vaccinated with 4 x 10(4), 4 x 10(3), and 4 x 10(2) TCID50, respectively. In these groups, APV was detected from swabs collected at 5 days PV and seroconversion was detected at 2 wk PV. The groups that were originally vaccinated with 4 x 10(1) and 4 x 10(0) TCID50 developed mild clinical signs after vaccination, but neither virus nor antibody was detected PV. At 2 wk PV (6 wk of age), birds from each group, along with five unvaccinated controls, were challenged with APV. Upon challenge, the 4 x 10(4) and 4 x 10(3) TCID50 groups were protected against development of clinical signs and were resistant to reinfection. The group previously vaccinated with 4 x 10(2) TCID50 developed clinical signs after challenge that were considerably milder than those seen in the groups that had previously been vaccinated with lower doses or no virus. Even though 4 x 10(2) TCID50 vaccine dose administered by intranasal ocular route resulted in infection, incomplete protection resulted with this pivotal dose. Upon challenge, the 4 x 10(1) and 4 x 10(0) TCID50 groups exhibited milder disease signs than those seen in the challenged unvaccinated controls. In these groups, APV was detected in preparations of swabs collected at 5 days postchallenge (PC) and seroconversion was detected at 2 wk PC. These results indicate that the dose of APV vaccine that causes protection is higher than that required to produce infection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radical surgery for gallbladder carcinoma].

The aims of the study were to evaluate the adequacy of the surgical treatment and results of curative extended resections for gallbladder cancer. To this end we carried out a retrospective analysis of 59 patients operated on at our institution from 1983 to 2000. Nineteen patients received a curative resection with a radical intent (4 stage I-II patients and 15 stage III-IV patients, according to the AJCC classification). Kaplan-Meyer survival was 100% after one year and 66.6% after five years for stage I-II patients; 44.4% after one year and 0% after 5 years for stage III patients; 75.0% after one year and 0% after 5 years for stage IV patients. Our analysis confirms the poor prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma. In stage I-II patients surgical treatment offers a good chance of survival. In stage III-IV patients surgery affords good palliation. "Curative" extended resection is, however, a safe surgical procedure and offers a real possibility of enhancing survival.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ERCP's role in the management of acute biliary-pancreatic pathology in the laparoscopic era.

OBJECTIVES: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) combined with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been widely used in the management of the acute biliopancreatic pathology. Nevertheless, controversy remains about the appropriate timing for retrograde cholangiopancreatography. METHODS: A retrospective study was undertaken on a consecutive series of 117 patients with acute biliary-pancreatic pathology, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between April 1995 and April 1999. Criteria for preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography were defined, and the patients were divided into 3 groups based on the presence or absence of a preoperative retrograde cholangiopancreatography indication: (1) ERCP+LC group: patients with retrograde cholangiopancreatography indicated and performed (n = 30); (2) LC group: patients without retrograde cholangiopancreatography criteria treated only by LC (n = 47); (3) LC-ERCP group: patients with retrograde cholangiopancreatography criteria but not performed (n = 40). RESULTS: The groups were similar in age, sex, ASA, and clinical diagnosis. No statistical differences occurred in operative times (73.8 min, 68 min, 67 min), major complications (3.3%, 4.25%, 12.5%), and mean postoperative stay (3.7 +/- 4; 4.7 +/- 2; 5.7 +/- 2). Postoperative retrograde cholangiopancreatography had to be used, respectively, in 0%, 10.6%, and 7.5%. The best predictive criteria for common bile duct pathology were choledocholithiasis on an ultrasound scan and the presence of cholangitis. The other criteria tested had a low predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by early laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed safely in acute biliary-pancreatic pathology, avoiding 2-stage treatment of these patients and minimizing hospital stay and inconvenience to the patients. Nevertheless, this therapeutic/diagnostic tool must be used selectively.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

T-DNA transfer from Agrobacterium tumefaciens to the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus microcarpus.

The model ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus microcarpus isolate 441 was transformed by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA1100 and AGL-1. The selection marker was the Shble gene of Streptoallotecius hidustanus, conferring resistance to phleomycin, under the control of the gpd gene promoter and terminator of Schizophyllum commune. Transformation resulted in phleomycin resistant clones which were confirmed by PCR to contain the resistance cassette. A. tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer would allow the development of RNA interference technology in P. microcarpus.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunologic results obtained with an experimental system oftransplantable colonic tumors. Possible applications of these results to human intestinal tumors].

Intestinal cancers, morphologically very close to human colo-rectal adeno-carcinoma, have been induced by dimethylhydrazine in inbred rats. Graftable lines have been obtained from 5 primary intestinal tumors, and 3 cell lines have been cultivated from the grafts. This model was used to demonstrate carcinofetal antigen(s) on the surface of the intestinal cancer cells. Circulating antibodies against tumor-associated antigen(s) have been found in tumor-bearing rats. Cancer enhancement was regularly observed when specific (tumor cells) and non-specific (B.C.G.) immunologic treatments were used to prevent or cure rat intestinal tumors. These results suggest that immunotherapy of human colo-rectal cancer might be hazardous.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anemia caused by iron deficiency and pagophagia. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of a 17 year old young man, who entered our hospital for a severe iron lack anemia reported to ice cubes ingestion (Pagophagia). Such cases are reported in the literature. Usually, Pagophagia is a compulsive eating (Pica) caused by iron deficiency. Pagophagia could improve non hematologic symptoms of iron deficiency such as stomatitis and glossitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum concentrations of amiodarone required for an in vivo modulation of anthracycline resistance.

We demonstrated previously that amiodarone is able to circumvent in vitro the inherent resistance to anthracyclines of the DHD/K12 rat colon cancer cell line. We have now determined in the rat the amiodarone seric concentrations required to enhance the in vitro cytotoxicity of 4'-deoxydoxorubicin (deoDX) against DHD/K12 cells. A maximal deoDX potentiation was obtained in vitro when anthracycline was diluted in the serum of rats receiving at least 75 mg/kg of intravenous amiodarone resulting in seric concentrations of more than 40 micrograms/ml. In patients treated with amiodarone, the mean serum concentrations were 0.9 +/- 0.1 microgram/ml after an one month's oral administration of 200 mg/day, 2.2 +/- 1.0 micrograms/ml after a 24 hr continuous infusion of 300 to 900 mg/day and 5.4 +/- 1.1 micrograms/ml after a brief 3 hrs infusion of 450 mg amiodarone. Such amiodarone concentrations in human serum are much lower than those necessary to produce a significant anthracycline potentiation. In rats receiving amiodarone at a maximal tolerated dose (100 mg/kg) minutes before the injection of 10 mg/kg doxorubicin (DX), we observed an increased accumulation of the anthracycline in the liver and kidney compared to rats receiving DX alone. The DX content was not modified by amiodarone in the other organs studied (heart, lung, spleen and pancreas). An amiodarone pretreatment accelerated the death of rats receiving 5 or 10 mg/kg DX did not provoke lethality for a lower dose of 2.5 mg/kg DX. The very high doses required and the risk of increased toxicity seem to preclude the use of amiodarone for the modulation of anthracycline resistance in cancer patients.

Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Liver disease in toxic oil syndrome. Clinical and enzymatic course].

One-hundred and fifty-nine patients intoxicated with adulterated oil in the province of Salamanca, Spain, were followed-up for 2 years from the onset of the syndrome, in 1981. Four alcoholic patients were excluded from the study. In the remaining 155 patients the liver involvement at the onset took different forms. It was acute in 12 (7%), with jaundice and/or hepatomegaly associated with cytolysis and/or cholestasis; 21 patients (13%) had evidence of cytolysis and/or cholestasis without clinical symptoms, and 29 (18%) only showed a rise in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase with normal transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels. Liver enlargement and/or jaundice subsided within 1 month in the 12 patients with clinical symptoms. However, high gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase levels persisted in 4 of them and in 5 of the 21 patients with laboratory abnormalities only. At the end of the study, this enzyme remained elevated in 6 and 7 patients respectively of these two groups and in 5 of the 29 patients with no other abnormality than a rise in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunotherapy of chemically induced rat colon cancer].

An experimental model of chemically induced or transplanted rat colon carcinoma has been used to test the effects of specific (cancer cells) or non specific (BCG) immunotherapy. According to the immunization technique and schedule experiemnts resulted in a partial inhibition or definite enhancement of tumour growth. These experimental data emphasize the possible hazards of human colon cancer immunotherapy.

Animals↗