Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Martin

Publications and source records attributed to F Martin.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Antitumoral activation of rat peritoneal macrophages by muramyl dipeptide in vitro].

Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) is a synthetic adjuvant known to activate macrophages. We now report that rat peritoneal macrophages are rendered tumoricidal in vitro against tumor cells either when macrophages are preincubated for 24 hrs. with MDP or when MDP is added to the culture medium simultaneously with the tumor cells. MDP significantly increases the cytotoxic activity of macrophages activated in vivo with BCG.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1982

Growth responses of rat stomach cancer cells to gastro-entero-pancreatic hormones.

Various hormones and peptides were added to rat stomach cancer cells growing in vitro in a serum-free medium and the cell number was determined by a spectro-photometric method. Five gastro-entero-pancreatic hormones or related peptides (tetragastrin, glucagon, secretin, cholecystokinin-pancreozymin and cerulein) significantly increased the number of stomach cancer cells from 15% to 310% of the number of control cells cultivated in a serum-free, hormone-free medium. On the other hand, insulin and vasoactive intestinal peptide, and other hormones (thyroxin, epinephrine, hydrocortisone, beta-estradiol, progesterone, testosterone), peptone broth and bovine serum albumin had no significant growth effect. All the active substances belong to the two major families of gastro-entero-pancreatic polypeptide hormones, suggesting the existence of hormone receptors at the surface of stomach cancer cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Factors of early prognosis in medically treated haemorrhages of upper gastrointestinal tract in cirrhotic patients. Statistical study (author's transl)].

In order to define immediate criteria of prognosis for patients with cirrhosis, hospitalized in emergency for upper gastrointestinal tract haemorrhage, 164 cases of haemorrhages medically treated were reviewed. A prognostic study of each variant points to the clinical, endoscopic and biological data connected with death. That study illustrates the prognostic value of traditional data. Patients who died within the first 30 days had a significantly higher incidence of hepatic encephalopathy, hematemesis, ascites, low blood pressure, bleeding oesophageal varices during endoscopy, hypoprothrombinemia, hyperbilirubinemia. Those who survived had a significantly higher incidence of aspirin intake, numerous haemorrhages, good state of health, non bleeding peptic ulcer. Several series of multivariant analysis: multiple regression and linear discrimination, differing from one another in variates were done. They have allowed identification of 11 variables used in establishing a prognostic index. In the series studied, it gives an 87% probability of correct differentiation. Such an index allows an objective estimate of the value and limits of a group of patients in which the efficiency of other treatments could be tested in controlled trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Contrast sensitivity functions and specific reading disability.

Contrast sensitivity functions for normal and specifically disabled readers were measured in two experiments. Each study showed that specifically disabled readers and controls differ in the pattern of relative sensitivity across spatial frequencies. Both studies provide evidence of differences between normal and disabled readers on measures of visual mechanisms fundamental to the reading process.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Tumoricidal effect of macrophages exposed to adriamycin in vivo or in vitro.

Peritoneal macrophages from BD IX rats collected 24 hr after an i.p. injection of ADriamycin (10 mg/kg) were cytotoxic to syngeneic cancer cells in culture. In contrast, incubation in vitro in Adriamycin solutions did not evoke tumoricidal activity in peritoneal macrophages, whatever the incubation time (from 1 to 24 hr) and the Adriamycin concentration (from 1 ng to 100 micrograms/ml). Macrophages incubated with Adriamycin in vitro accumulated the drug in their nuclei, whereas macrophages from animals receiving Adriamycin in vivo accumulated it is cytoplasmic vacuoles. Early observation of peritoneal cells after in vivo exposure to Adriamycin shows that Adriamycin is concentrated in mast cell granules which are released and then phagocytosed by peritoneal macrophages. Mast cells exposed to Adriamycin in vitro can induce macrophages to become cytotoxic. These facts explain the difference between macrophages exposed to Adriamycin in vivo and in vitro. Adriamycin fluorescence appears in nuclei of cancer cells incubated with in vivo-labeled macrophages, suggesting that macrophages can directly transfer the drug into cancer cells and therefore play a role in the Adriamycin antitumor effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of the healing capacities of sucralfate and cimetidine in the short-term treatment of duodenal ulcer: a double-blind randomized trial.

Fifty-nine outpatients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer were evaluated for 4-8 wk in a randomized, double-blind trial comparing sucralfate, a sulfated disaccharide, (1 g, 0.5 h before each meal and at bedtime) with cimetidine (300 mg, 0.5 h before each meal and at bedtime). Ulcer symptoms and their relief were recorded by patients in a diary, along with data on cigarette, alcohol, coffee, and drug intake. Duodenoscopy was performed after 4 wk to assess healing, and was repeated after 8 wk if healing had not occurred by the 4-wk evaluation. Twenty-four of 30 patients taking sucralfate (80.0%) and 22 of 29 patients taking cimetidine (75.9%) had their ulcer completely healed after 4 wk. The overall healing rates after 8 wk for the sucralfate and cimetidine groups were 90.0% (27 of 30 patients) and 86.2% (25 of 29 patients), respectively. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups in ulcer healing, symptom relief, and side effects. Symptoms were relieved equally with respect to time and efficacy. Minor adverse experiences were reported in each treatment group. None of these experiences were serious enough to warrant discontinuation of treatment. These results suggest tha sucralfate is as effective as cimetidine in the short-term treatment of duodenal ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Contribution of contra-immunoelectrophoresis to the diagnosis of acute pneumococcal pneumopathies: report on 37 cases (author's transl)].

Employed since 1971, contra-immunoelectrophoresis is a microbiological technique now recognised as being of increasing value. Used in 37 cases of pneumococcal lung infections its diagnostic reliability was 81% the technique being of particular interest in that it enabled a positive diagnosis in lung infections previously treated by antibiotics. Though performed in only a small number of cases, this method was able to confirm the frequency of pneumococcal infections. The technique can now be considered to be well established, the production of specific anti-serums, approaching type-specificity, being possible. Fairly simple to perform, and giving rapid results (within hour) it requires a minimum of apparatus and is a standard procedure that should be employed in all microbiological medical laboratories. Of undeniable diagnostic value, it should be associated with conventional bacteriological tests, which though essential sometimes give insufficient data.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Alkaline reflux gastritis: Roux-en-Y diversion is effective.

Even though controversy persists over the physiopathology of alkaline reflux gastritis, Roux-en-Y diversion is a well-accepted surgical treatment and was used in 23 patients over a 6-year period at the Hôpital St-Luc in Montreal. Of the 23 patients, 21 had complete relief of symptoms. Objective criteria for the selection of patients who would benefit from operation are still to be defined. The authors discuss the physiopathology through an extensive review of the literature.

Adult↗