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Biomedical subjects

F Mariani

Publications and source records attributed to F Mariani.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The Italian Multicenter Study of reversible cerebral ischemic attacks: IV--Blood pressure components and atherosclerotic lesions.

Utilizing the initial BP assessment in the 462 patients who entered the Italian Multicenter Study of reversible cerebral ischemia, an analysis of the effect of each BP component in respect of presence, extent and severity of atherosclerotic lesions, as displayed by angiography, was carried out separately for lesions located at either intra- or extracranial level. In a multivariate statistical model, among the following variables: sex, age, systolic BP, diastolic BP, cholesterol and smoking, systolic BP was found the best predictor of extent and severity of atherosclerotic lesions at extracranial level. None of the same variables was predictive of the severity of intracranial atherosclerosis. The results of this clinical study may confirm the indication, coming from physiopathologic observations, of a predominant role of systolic hypertension in the process of maintenance and acceleration of atherosclerosis in the large pre-cerebral arteries.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Italian multicenter study on reversible cerebral ischemic attacks: VI--Prognostic factors and follow-up results.

A total of 462 patients (mean age 52 years) affected by reversible focal ischemic attacks (RIAs) were followed prospectively in 8 neurologic institutions in Italy for 4 years. All cases were evaluated with a cerebral angiography and 21% of angiograms were normal. At the end of the follow-up period the cumulated probability for death, stroke, cardiac event and new RIA was respectively 7%, 8%, 3% and 36%. The predictive value of the baseline characteristics of this series was evaluated by a multifactorial analysis which showed that RIA and stroke (specific cerebrovascular risk) were more likely to develop in patients with a history of more than one RIA and in those in whom multiple vascular territories were involved. Moreover, previous myocardial infarction, intermittent claudication, angina pectoris, time elapsed since the first attack, and duration and severity of the attack itself were independently associated with general cardiovascular risk (death, stroke and myocardial infarction). We conclude that predictive factors, and thus also pathogenetic mechanisms, may be different for general cardiovascular risk and specific cerebrovascular risk in RIA patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monocytes/macrophages in HIV infection and tuberculosis.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are virulent intracellular pathogens that enter and replicate within macrophages, which represent their reservoire. Public health problems are greatly compounded when the two diseases co-exist, and this is the reason why Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and tuberculosis (TB) have been termed "the cursed duet", given the synergistic effect they exert one each other. With the depression of immunity caused by HIV-1 infection, latent MTB infection is much more likely to progress to clinically significant disease. On the other hand, TB results in activation of T cells and macrophages that may harbor latent HIV. Here some data are reviewed that can contribute to clarify the mechanisms involved in the concurrent infection, given that MTB infection has been shown to be able to: a) enhance HIV-1 replication in macrophages, b) augment CC-CKR5 (CCR5) expression on macrophage membrane, and, c) induce apoptosis in a portion of infected macrophages.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cryosurgery with transpleurodiaphragmatic approach in the treatment of non-resectable and recurrent hepatic metastasis from the colorectum].

Cryotherapy allows the destruction of unresectable liver malignancies. The abdominal approach is uneasy for recurrent colorectal metastases located in the upper part of the liver and close to the inferior vena cava, the hepatic veins and the diaphragm. A transpleurodiaphragmatic access was employed. From 1999 to 2003, ten patients with recurrent colorectal liver metastases underwent transdiaphragmatic cryotherapy via a right thoracotomy. Median diameter was 30 mm. One to 4 cryoprobes were used, depending on the size and location of the metastasis. There were no operative deaths, and only 3 patients developed minor complications. Computerized tomography examination of the liver performed one week, three months after cryotherapy, assessed treatment completeness in all patients. At 14 months, 9 patients were alive and 6 were disease-free. Two patients had liver recurrences outside the cryolesion. A transthoracic access may represent the safest and easiest surgical approach for liver tumor cryoablation in selected patients with non resectable recurrent metastases of the upper liver.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumor after treatment with imatinib: clinical case].

The stromal tumor is the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. Surgical resection is the first-line therapy for operable lesions, however for inoperable imatinib is an effective therapy. In this setting a patient has been operated after a remarkable response to imatinib, used as both neoadjuvant and adjuvant. This approach led to a disease-free condition without toxicity and complications.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[External plastic surgery of the pre-ostial valve in sapheno-femoral junction insufficiency. Experimental studies and clinical cases].

External plasty of the pre-ostial valve is a surgical technique which has the aim of correcting reflux resulting from incompetence of the sapheno-femoral valve and at the time retaining the anatomical structure of the region. The artificial stenosis produced by external valvuloplasty of the pre-terminal valve complex has been studied in physical experiments, the first results of which already appear to be significant. The authors have operated upon 18 patients, with follow-up too short for the presentation of final results, but already sufficient to permit discussion of findings after a short period of time.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Drug dependence].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sclerosis of the great saphenous vein: an experimental study in humans of the sclerosing effect of an iodo-iodide solution and polidodecane (histology and electron microscopy)].

The authors describe an experimental study in man, using electron microscopy to study the effect of sclerosing injections on the great saphenous vein, in particular concerning the initial phases of the process. Results may be summarised as follows: The endothelial lesion develops immediately and is visible only by electron microscopy during the first 15 minutes. It involves necrotic changes with subendothelial edema and, finally, detachment of the endothelial cells. This process is complete on average 2 hours and 30 minutes after the injection. The first deposits of fibrin, which are not abundant, englobe blood cells and loosen already within the first 15 minutes. The first lamellar platelet microclot forms on average 2 hours and a half after the injection but this involves a microclot and not a thrombosis which will become organised. The first massive thrombosis seen occurred between the second and third day after injection and involved a recent thrombus.

Benzyl Alcohols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The Phlebologic Center of Sienna. Its experience].

In this work we disclose the diagnostic and therapeutic orientation of the "W. Pabisch" Centre of Phlebology, Sclerotherapy and Compression Therapy of the University of Sienna. Attentive clinical examination, Doppler, and luminous reflex rheography represent essential procedures for the correct diagnosis of venous affections. Compression therapy, pharmacological and surgical therapy. as well sclerosis, are the correct indications to be adapted according to the phase of the illness and the condition of the patient. In the tables we report the essential statistical data received from observations of the 4,668 patients monitored in our centre during a period of 14 months.

Hospital Units↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of opiate use among young men in Italy, 1980 and 1982.

An epidemiological study on opiate use among young men undergoing examination for army draft was carried out in 1980 and 1982. The following six cities and surrounding provinces were selected for the study: Bologna, Florence, Genoa, Milan, Rome and Turin. There were 15,266 respondents in 1980 and 15,874 in 1982. For each respondent, a urine sample was tested for the presence of opiates and a questionnaire on demographic and socio-economic variables was completed. The study revealed 247 opiate cases with a prevalence rate of 1,618 per 100,000 in 1980, and 339 opiate cases with a prevalence rate of 2,136 per 100,000 in 1982. The number of opiate cases and demographic and socio-economic characteristics of respondents varied greatly from province to province. The group of unemployed respondents had significantly higher prevalence rates than the other occupational groups. A methodology was used that made it possible to estimate the number of opiate abuse cases that did not come to the attention of the authorities. On the basis of the study it was estimated that there were 68,000 opiate users in 1980 and 92,000 in 1982 in the entire country.

Adolescent↗