Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Manz

Publications and source records attributed to F Manz.

157 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dietary chloride deficiency in premature infants?].

In recent years uncontrolled decrease of chloride contents in some charges of infant formulas has caused chloride deficiency in some infants. The chloride requirement in infants of 5.8 kg has been estimated to be 3.6 mmol/d. Accordingly, prematures of 1.3 kg would require about 2.6 mmol/d. Considering the daily intake of fluid, the minimum concentration of chloride of a formula for infants has to be 4.5 mmol/l and a formula for prematures 11.8 mmol/l. In 4 formulas for prematures and 7 humanized formulas for infants the concentration of chloride ranged from 7.1 to 15.8 mmol/l. In the FRG some prematures may have an inadequate intake of chloride.

Body Weight↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Supplementation of premature infant nutrition with calcium and phosphor for improving mineral supply of premature and small-for-gestational age newborn infants].

A standard preterm formula was supplemented with calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) (F-CaP: Ca 87 mg/dl, P 43 mg/dl) and compared to the non-supplemented form (F: Ca 62 mg/dl, P 36 mg/dl). VLBW and small-for-gestational-age infants (n = 79) were included in the study which was performed to look for adverse effects and to decide about a reasonable start and duration of supplementation. In preterm infants with a birth weight lower than 1500 g and a body weight of more than 2000 g, the additional supplementation with Ca and P lead to a significant higher Ca- and P-retention without further load for the kidney. In addition, preterm infants with a body weight lower than 1500 g also had a better retention of Ca and P. Both, F-CaP and F lead to a high urinary excretion of phosphorus, a high renal net acid excretion and a relatively high activity of serum alkaline phosphatase. Anthropometric measurements did not reveal any evidence for an impaired caloric absorption due to an increased fecal fat excretion. Hypercalcemia or hyperphosphatermia was not seen. Hypercalciuria occurred in less than 5% of the samples studied. The results of this study indicate that a continuation of the supplementation with Ca and P is justified in VLBW infants with a body weight of more than 2000 g. There was no evidence for adverse effects of Ca and P supplementation in VLBW infants with a body weight lower than 1500 g, who might therefore also benefit from supplementation. Further studies are necessary to investigate unsatisfactory metabolic conditions of these children e.g. the high renal load.

Anthropometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Height growth of adolescent German boys and girls.

Longitudinal annual height measurements of 46 boys and 47 girls from Dortmund, Germany, are used to derive 10 parameters concerning the adolescent growth spurt of height. Out of three mathematical models applied to our height data, model 1 of Preece and Baines (1978) proved most suitable. Data of mean heights at age 9 and 10 of the boys and girls of this study do not differ from those of another representative cross-sectional study of our institute. The values of the 10 parameters agree with the data of studies from other countries. This work contributes original German data to the international data on adolescent growth spurt of height.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased growth rate of low-birth-weight infants with prolonged maximum renal acid stimulation.

In a prospective randomized study, the urine pH of 170 premature and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns was routinely screened to detect patients with spontaneously developing maximum renal acid stimulation, an obligatory early stage in the development of late metabolic acidosis. Nitrogen assimilation was evaluated from the ratio of urinary nitrogen excretion and intake. Forty-two premature infants and 10 SGA prematures and newborns after intensive care therapy with body weights greater than 1.5 kg and 25 prematures (including 7 SGA infants) with body weights less than 1.5 kg, spontaneously showed urine pH values below 5.4 on two consecutive days, suggesting maximum renal acid stimulation. These patients were randomly given either oral alkali therapy with sodium bicarbonate 2 mmol/kg/day or no therapy for a period of seven days. In both groups, urine pH was controlled daily. Patients in the control group without alkali therapy and with urine pH values less than 5.4 for seven days showed a significant decrease in weight gain and a tendency to decreased nitrogen assimilation. We assume that a regular check of urine pH in low-birth-weight infants is a useful non-invasive method of detecting patients in the early stages of development of late metabolic acidosis, i.e. in the stage of "incipient late metabolic acidosis". This would provide the possibility of starting early effective therapy and thereby reduce the mean duration of admission to neonatal wards.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acidosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glycero- vs glucose-phosphate in parenteral nutrition of premature infants: a comparative in vitro evaluation of calcium/phosphorus compatibility.

In total parenteral nutrition (TPN) of premature infants, glycero- and glucose-phosphate have been recommended, and clinically used, because of their considerable compatibility with calcium. However, a systematic comparative in vitro assessment of the therapeutic potential and safety of these substances has not yet been provided. We investigated the stability of TPN solutions containing calcium-gluconate and glycero- or glucose-phosphate in high concentrations. Evaluation was performed by visual inspection, absorptiometry, light microscopy, measurement of pH, and determination of calcium concentration before and after microfiltration. Even under circumstances promoting precipitation of calcium and phosphate--such as body temperature, relatively high pH, and concentrations of calcium and phosphorus exceeding those necessary to provide intrauterine accretion rates, all but one of the examined TPN admixtures remained stable. Our data suggest that the use of glycero-phosphate, and particularly glucose-phosphate, together with calcium-gluconate, is an uncomplicated and safe procedure to administer simultaneously high amounts of calcium and phosphorus in TPN of premature infants.

Calcium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The muscle-bone unit in adulthood: influence of sex, height, age and gynecological history on the bone mineral content and muscle cross-sectional area.

Bone and muscle development are both strongly influenced by sex hormones. The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in bone and muscle parameters (bone mineral content - BMC, muscle cross-sectional area - MA) in 130 men aged 31 -60 years, and in 180 pre-menopausal women aged 30-53 years with respect to age, body height and, with the women, their gynecological history (age-at-menarche, number of pregnancies, duration of lactation and use of oral contraception). The study was performed using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) at a 65% site of the forearm length. Both BMC and MA were dependent on body height (p<0.0001), but not on age. The BMC/MA ratio was dependent neither on age nor on body height in both genders. MA as well as BMC were found significantly higher in males than in females (p<0.0001 for both variables). We observed a significantly higher BMC/MA ratio in females than in males (p<0.0001). We found no effect either of the analyzed variables of gynecological history on bone/muscle characteristics. The findings highlight the necessity of involving height-adjusted parameters and BMC/MA ratio into bone analysis in adults.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Renal handling of citrate in children with various kidney disorders.

Citrate (CIT) excretion was measured in 24 h urine of children with various kidney disorders and controls. It was normal in urinary tract infection, idiopathic urolithiasis, and idiopathic hypercalciuria in the absence of renal dysfunction, but reduced in acute glomerulonephritis, distal renal tubular acidosis, and chronic renal failure. Increased citraturia was observed in cystinosis and in idiopathic de Toni-Debré-Fanconi syndrome. Renal handling of CIT was studied in 45 children with various chronic kidney disorders under standard inulin clearance conditions. CIT clearance correlated well with GFR above 50 ml/min/1.73 m2. At lower levels, percent tubular reabsorption of CIT decreased rapidly, reaching levels between 17% and 41% at GFR less than 10 ml/min/1.73 m2; this disproportionate fall might be related to reduced renal CIT utilization at a relatively early stage of renal insufficiency. During acid loading tests, citraturia was lowered, with a decrease of both urinary pH and plasma bicarbonate in tubular disorders and in controls. The lowest CIT excretion was measured in incomplete renal tubular acidosis with magnesium wasting. The findings are discussed in view of recent physiological data on renal metabolism of CIT.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of different preservation solutions and substrates on metabolic viability of kidney tubules.

Glucose production, pyruvate uptake and lactate production were taken as metabolic viability tests for isolated rat kidney tubules preserved in hypothermia. The results depend on the type of preservation solution used. Species specific serum is the only solution sustaining cellular metabolism at a normal level. Using Collins solution all viability parameters showed the lowest results. Addition of certain substrates to the Krebs-Henseledt solution improves metabolic viability.

Animals↗