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Biomedical subjects

F Maiuri

Publications and source records attributed to F Maiuri.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Central nervous system lymphomas and immunodeficiency.

Primary lymphomas of the central nervous system (CNS) may sometimes be associated with some immunological abnormalities, including renal or cardiac transplants, some congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies, immunoinflammatory diseases and immunosuppressive treatments. A relatively high incidence of cerebral lymphomas has been particularly noticed in renal or cardiac transplantation patients and in those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), two conditions which are today observed with increasing frequency. The different congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies associated with cerebral lymphomas and the pathogenetic connections between the two conditions are discussed from a large review of the literature.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Serum and cerebrospinal fluid enzymes in subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) and its isoenzyme CK-MB, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase (HBDH), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were studied in 50 patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. In 18 cases the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was also examined for total concentration of CK and CK-MB. The results were correlated with the degree of neurological deterioration, the angiographic spasm and prognosis. Concurrent increase of CK-MB, LDH and HBDH serum levels indicates a poor prognosis, whereas increase of GOT and GPT does not have clinical significance. High CK-MB levels in CSF were associated with the worst clinical evolution. However, increase of serum enzymes coincided in most cases with the appearance of the spasm. Monitoring of CK-MB, LDH and HBDH serum levels can be useful for following the evolution of the spasm and in predicting the outcome for patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Oestrogen and progesterone sensitivity in cultured meningioma cells.

Several studies have detected oestrogen and progesterone receptors in meningioma specimens; recently we have also confirmed the presence of steroid receptors in cultured cells from meningiomas. This paper describes the oestrogen and progesterone receptor assay in cultured cells from 6 meningiomas and the influence of steroid hormones on the cell growth and morphology. Four (66%) of the 6 specimens were positive for both receptors. Growth of cultured cells from tumours without receptors is not appreciably modified by the addition of hormones; the cultured cells from tumours with positive receptors are not essentially influenced by oestrogen, whereas progesterone produces a rapid and marked suppression of the cell growth and modifies their form and adhesivity; also the addition of an oestrogen and progesterone blend produces growth suppression. A similar effect of the progesterone on the cultured cells has also been obtained in a specimen of malignant meningioma. The results of this study suggest that the modulation of progesterone levels may be of therapeutic usefulness, particularly in patients with recurrent malignant meningiomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Anomalies of the lumbosacral nerve roots.

The congenital anomalies of the lumbosacral nerve roots have frequently been found in the past as operative findings during surgery for protruded disc and are today diagnosed preoperatively with increasing frequency. They include the more cranial or more caudal origin of a nerve root, the conjoined structure of two roots and the anastomoses between two or more roots. This study reviews the large amount of literature on these anomalies and discusses their incidence, classification and embryological origin, the anatomical structure of the anomalous roots, their clinical presentation and radiological diagnosis. Anomalous nerve roots are often asymptomatic; radicular symptoms may appear in the presence of a protruded disc or lumbar stenosis, as a result of the compression or traction of the anomalous root. Myelography with water-soluble contrast media allows a good visualization of the root sheaths and thus a good diagnostic definition of these anomalies. In symptomatic cases, the surgical treatment consists of the removal of the disc hernia, associated with hemilaminectomy and foraminotomy, to obtain a good mobilization of the anomalous root; it usually results in the remission of the radicular symptoms.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Congenital lumbosacral lesions with late onset in adult life.

Seven adult patients with congenital lumbosacral lesions and clinical onset in adult life are reported. All also had an abnormally low and tethered spinal cord. A thickened filum terminale and a spinal lipoma are the most common lesions in adults, whereas others, including diastematomyelia, fibrous adhesions, previous meningocele repair and dermal sinus are more rare. Although water-soluble myelography visualizes the abnormally low conus well and may diagnose a diastematomyelia and a thickened filum, computerized tomography, CT myelography and magnetic resonance may provide a better diagnostic definition of the other abnormalities. Surgical treatment should be performed in all adult patients with progressive symptoms. Transection of the thickened filum or of fibrous adhesions and the removal of a spinal lipoma, diastematomyelia septum or dermal sinus tract, result in remission of the pain and improvement of the sensorimotor deficits, or at least prevent the progression of the neurological troubles.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cerebral cavernous angiomas in the first year of life.

Two rare cases of cerebral cavernous angiomas in two infants, 9 and 6 months old, respectively, are reported and the other 11 cases in the literature concerning patients in the first year of life are reviewed. Cavernous angiomas of the brain occur rarely in the first year of life and present with seizures and head enlargement. On computed tomographic scan they typically appear as large, hyperdense, unenhanced masses, with large cysts and must be differentiated from tumors more common in infants, such as teratomas, ependymomas, and mixed tumors. Total removal is often possible, even with large lesions, because of the small amount of bleeding and the well-defined limits of the mass.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Intracranial plasma cell granuloma.

An exceptional case of intracranial plasma cell granuloma, located in the right frontoparietal convexity in a 16-year-old boy is reported. Reports of these rare inflammatory lesions locate them primarily in the lungs and in other regions of the body, and only exceptionally in the nervous system; indeed, only three intracranial cases and one other arising from the spinal meninges have been reported. The computed tomographic and surgical aspects suggested a falx meningioma in our case. The pathological diagnosis differentiating these from other intracranial lesions with a plasma cell component, including meningioma with plasma cell infiltration and plasmacytoma, is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Symptomatic meningeal diverticula of the sacral nerve roots in a girl. A case report.

The rare case of a 12-year-old girl with sciatic pain and bilateral meningeal diverticula of S1 and S2 nerve roots on both sides, is reported. Meningeal diverticula are a rare cause of sciatic pain and are exceptional in infants and children. Water-soluble myelography shows a rapid and complete opacification of the diverticulum, because of its large communication with the subarachnoid space; computerized tomography and magnetic resonance show an aspecific CSF collection, similar to all nerve root cysts. The complete removal of the cyst wall, with closure of its pedicle, results in the clinical remission in symptomatic cases.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Cerebellar metastasis from prostatic carcinoma simulating, on CT-scan, a cerebellopontine angle tumor. Case report.

The authors report a rare case of cerebellar metastasis from prostatic carcinoma simulating on computerized tomography a cerebellopontine angle tumor. Solitary intracerebral metastases from prostatic cancer are infrequent, and their location in the posterior fossa with extension in the cerebellopontine angle is quite unusual. The differential CT findings from more common benign cerebellopontine angle tumors are briefly outlined.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Tumors of the neuron series presenting as cysts with mural nodules.

Two cases of tumors of the neuron series presenting as cysts with mural tumor nodules are described. This radiographic and surgical aspect may be observed in astrocytomas, meningiomas or ependymomas, whereas it is more rare for neuroblastomas and ganglioneuromas. There are not CT features which allow to differentiate cystic tumors of the neuron series from the other cystic tumors. The finding of cyst with enhancing mural tumor nodule and unenhanced wall is more favorable from a surgical point of view; the complete removal of the nodule with preservation of the reactive cyst wall results in the cure of patients with ganglioneuroma and ganglioglioma and in good long-term survival in those with cerebral neuroblastomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Nonobstructive symptomatic plaques of the carotid bifurcation: echotomographic-angiographic correlations.

This study reports a selected group of 45 patients with symptomatic low-grade stenoses of the carotid bifurcations, detected by real-time B-mode echotomography, and correlates the results of this technique with those of the Doppler flow study and carotid angiography. The Doppler study with spectral analysis was negative in all cases, whereas a correlation between the echotomographic and angiographic results was observed in 20 among 27 patients explored by angiography (74%). The causes of failure of angiography in some cases are briefly discussed. The almost absolute sensitivity of high resolution B-mode echotomography in detecting these early, sometimes symptomatic atherosclerotic changes of the carotid artery wall is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Fibromuscular dysplasia of the carotid arteries. Clinical and radiological considerations.

Seven patients with fibromuscular dysplasia of the carotid arteries are described. Three were asymptomatic and four had ischemic troubles. Angiographically, 3 had a fibromuscular dysplasia of type 1 and 4 of type 2; one patient also had an associated aneurysm of the cervical internal carotid artery. The neurological troubles and their pathogenesis, the angiographic findings and the differential diagnosis of this angiopathy are briefly discussed; the surgical procedures and their risks are also analyzed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Postoperative cervical pseudomeningocele.

A case of postoperative cervical pseudomeningocele in a woman submitted to laminectomy for protruded disc is reported. The patient was investigated by myelography and metrizamide computed tomography and surgically treated with a good neurological result. The other eight reported cases of postoperative cervical pseudomeningocele are reviewed and the role of metrizamide CT scan in diagnosing this unusual complication of cervical laminectomies is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Myxoma of the skull and orbit.

An unusual case of myxoma of the skull extending into the orbital cavity is reported. Myxoma is a benign tumour of the soft tissues and maxillary bones, which often presents infiltrating growth and recurrences. Histologically it is characterized by abundant myxoid stroma and is often confused with other tumours which can present mucoid degeneration. Although diagnosis is impossible before histological examination, the possibility of a myxoma must be considered in the presence of extradural osteolytic poorly vascularized lesions.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Cysts with mural tumor nodules in the cerebral hemispheres.

Ten cases of cystic tumor with mural nodules in the cerebral hemispheres are reported. The tumors include five benign astrocytomas, two meningiomas, one ependymoma, one neuroblastoma, and one hemangioblastoma. In all cases, computed tomography showed enhancing mural tumors without enhancement of the cyst wall. Complete removal of the mural tumor without excision of the cyst is the goal of operation. The prognosis for patients with cystic tumors with mural nodules is excellent, clearly better than that of solid tumors.

Adult↗