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Biomedical subjects

F Gomez

Publications and source records attributed to F Gomez.

156 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Studies on cholera carriers.

Cholera carrier studies in the Philippines in 1964-66 showed a prevalence rate of 21.7% among household contacts of cholera patients, and 8.4% in occupants of houses next door to one where a cholera patient lived, as opposed to 0.34% in the general population. The duration of the carrier state among 19 household carriers isolated for examination varied from 5 to 19 days. The vibrio concentration in the stool of contact carriers was 10(2)-15(5) per gram, as compared with 10(6)-19(9) per ml of rice-water stool in cholera cases.The agglutinin titre increased with time for carriers, as it does for patients. It declined to a very low level 8-12 weeks after recovery, with the exception of one proved long-term carrier.The strains isolated from carriers were identical in all respects, including virulence in infant rabbits, with strains isolated from patients-except that 3 carrier strains were rough.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacomanometric studies of colonic motility as a guide to the chemotherapy of schizophrenia.

Distal colon motility studies performed in 41 psychotic subjects demonstrated that 32 of them had hyperactivity of the noradrenergic system at this peripheral level, while the remaining nine cases showed hyperactivity of the dopaminergic system. The noradrenergic-hyperactive patients fulfilled the Research Diagnostic Criteria of schizophrenia, whereas the dopaminergic-hyperactive patients were diagnosed as having schizoaffective disorders. Noradrenergic-hyperactive subjects were successfully treated with clonidine, a drug which inhibits release of noradrenaline, while dopaminergic-hyperactive subjects were successfully treated with clonazepam, a drug which inhibits release of dopamine. The addition of sulpiride (a postsynaptic dopaminergic blocking agent) and of phentolamine (a postsynaptic noradrenergic blocking agent) to clonidine and clonazepam, respectively, induced further significant improvements in both types of psychotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Homozygotes for Huntington's disease.

Careful comparison of symptomatic individuals with normal controls has revealed the primary biochemical abnormality in many human genetic diseases, particularly recessive disorders. This strategy has proved less successful for most human disorders which are not recessive, and where a single copy of the aberrant gene has clinically significant effects even though the normal gene product is present. An alternative approach that eliminates the impediment of a normal protein in affected individuals is to study homozygotes for the mutant allele. For virtually all dominant human disorders in which homozygotes have been described, symptoms have been significantly more severe in the homozygote than in the heterozygote. Thus, these disorders do not conform to the classical definition of dominance which states that homozygotes and heterozygotes for a defect are phenotypically indistinguishable. Instead, they display incomplete dominance, indicating that the normal allele may play a role in ameliorating the disease process. The D4S10 locus, defined by the probe G8 and linked to the gene for Huntington's disease (HD), has permitted us to identify individuals with a high probability of being homozygous for this autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder. These homozygotes do not differ in clinical expression or course from typical HD heterozygotes. HD appears to be the first human disease of genetically documented homozygosity that displays complete phenotypic dominance.

Genes, Dominant↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neuropharmacological regulation of pituitary hormones. Role of acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, histamine and endorphins (author's transl)].

The secretion of pituitary hormones is controlled by hypothalamic hormones which are synthetized by neurosecreting cells whose activity is modulated by different neurotransmitters as dopamine and serotonin. Centrally acting drugs interfere with the activity of these neurotransmitters. Thus they may influence the secretion of pituitary hormones. Acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, histamine and endorphins seem also to influence the pituitary secretion. The endocrine effects of drugs (opiates, antiparkinson, antiepileptic, and antihistaminic agents) acting on these neurotransmitters is reviewed.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adverse seizure reactions after electroconvulsive therapy. Study of personal cases and review of the literature].

OBJECTIVE: To determine what are the risk factors for the occurrence of unwanted seizures after an ECT session, and what is the best attitude regarding future ECT. METHOD: We have reviewed all the case reports published in the literature between 1946 and 1995 and have carried out a prospective case-control study of all incidental seizure type side effects among a group of 43 patients treated consecutively using the same procedure within the same institution in 1993. RESULTS: Results from the literature are presented in tables I to IV and results from our case-control study in tables V to VIII. Twenty seven seizure type side effects are reported in 22 published papers reporting the case of 24 patients. Most accidents occur during the first ECT and the occurrence of non convulsive seizures is greatly increased in case of coexisting EEG-monitoring. In our own study the overall incidence is 0.95%. Risk factors are neurologic disease, psychotropic medication, history of prolonged seizure during previous ECT. CONCLUSION: It appears that no unique risk factor but a summation of several risks (personal or family history of seizure, psychotropic medications, high energy level of electric stimuli) for specific subjects increases the risk for seizures after ECT. ECT can be resumed if necessary after occurrence of a post ECT seizure with addition of anti-epileptic medication.

Adolescent↗